INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 170
SEED SOWING TIMEFRAMS OF ALFLOWER FECT ON OUTPUT
Urunbaeva Gulchekhra Shokirovna
Candidate of Agricultural Sciences, Professor
Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Tukhtasinov Abdurakhmon Zafarjon ugli
Doctoral student of the Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Аннотatsiя:
Урожайность сельскохозяйственных культур зависит от плодородия почвы.
Люцерна играет важную роль в повышении плодородия почвы среди бобовых культур.
Поэтому в нашем эксперименте мы поставили перед собой цель изучить различные
сроки совместного посева люцерны. Мы изучили, как эти сроки влияют на всхожесть и
жизнеспособность семян люцерны.
Abstract
:The yield of agricultural crops depends on the soil fertility. Among leguminous crops,
alfalfa plays an important role in increasing soil fertility. Therefore, in our experiment, we set
ourselves the goal of studying the different timing of joint sowing of alfalfa. We studied how
these periods affect the germination and viability of alfalfa seeds.
Ключевые слова:
Люцерна, сроки посева, нормы высева, плодородие почвы, сроки
посева, всхожесть семян, междурядья хлопчатника, всхожесть семян
Keywords:
Alfalfa plant, sowing dates, sowing rates, soil fertility, sowing dates, seed
germination, cotton inter-rows, seed germination
It is observed that the harvest obtained from existing agricultural lands today remains one of
the most pressing problems for meeting the needs of the world's population, industry for
products, and livestock for feed.
Scientists of the world are conducting important theoretical and practical research on
bringing cotton and grain farming, which are always in high demand, to a new stage of
development, improving existing agricultural technologies, fully introducing a scientifically
based system into production, and optimizing soil fertility problems. Today, technologies that
preserve and increase soil fertility are used worldwide on an area of more than 80 million
hectares. In particular, these works were implemented on 19.3 million hectares in the USA,
17.3 million in Brazil, 14.8 million in India, 12.3 million in China, 10 million in Mexico, 3.5
million in Australia, and 3.7 million hectares in Pakistan.
Alfalfa plays an important role in preserving and increasing soil fertility. Therefore, in
our experiment, we aimed to study the different timing of alfalfa joint sowing. We studied how
these periods affect the germination and survival of alfalfa seeds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 171
For alfalfa seed germination, an average air temperature of 15-20°C is optimal, and the
maximum should be 25-30°C.
In agriculture, alfalfa germination depends primarily on seed quality, sowing timing, soil
moisture, salt content, and other factors. In addition, soil is inextricably linked to climatic
conditions. A high salt content in the soil slows down seed swelling and germination. In our
studies, the germination of alfalfa seeds sown in the first field experiment was 94.8%, and in
the second field experiment, the laboratory germination of seeds was 95.7%.
In the first field experiment, when alfalfa seeds were sown in the cotton inter-rows on
September 12, their germination was 9-10 days, and field germination was 84.7%. When sown
on September 24 of the same month, it was 85.9%, which can be seen in Table 1.
When sowing alfalfa in early spring (on March 10) between cotton rows and especially
among winter wheat seedlings planted in open ground after harvesting cotton stalks (variants 3
and 10), the germination period of seeds was 14-16 days. In these variants, alfalfa seed
germination was 89.1% in the 2nd variant and 90.8% in the 9th variant.
According to the data presented, when alfalfa was sown on March 20 (10th variant), the
germination of seeds was 13 days. The germination rate was 88.3%, respectively.
The results of the experiment show that the above dependencies and patterns can also be
noted in the 2nd field experiment.
In conclusion, it can be said that in both field experiments, it was observed that the
degree of germination of alfalfa seeds at all studied dates and methods of sowing made it
possible to ensure the necessary plant density.
In the years when we conducted experiments, in the autumn and spring months, due to
the air temperature of 16-210°C, germination was observed at a normal level. When planted
inside growing cotton, it germinates for a total of 9 days, and 3-4 days after irrigation.
According to many scientific results, ensuring optimal plant density when caring for
each agricultural crop is an important factor in obtaining a high yield and achieving efficiency.
Currently, wheat and alfalfa are forced to be sown in the inter-rows of intensive crop
rotation "cotton:grain." Therefore, ensuring a standard plant density in the field is of even
greater importance.
In the conducted field experiments, sufficient plant density was achieved after full
germination of alfalfa at all studied planting dates. It should be noted that when sowing seeds in
autumn, it was observed that the germinated alfalfa seedlings, being quite weak, partially die
before wintering.
The results showed that in the 1st field experiment, when alfalfa seeds were sown
between cotton rows after the first cotton harvest (variant 8), when the seeds were fully
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 172
germinated, the alfalfa seedling density was 1 million plants per hectare. 549 thousand bushes.
In spring, at the beginning of the growing season, 1 mln. It was noted that 324 thousand
seedlings remained, which means that the number of plants decreased by 2.7% before the
winter period, and 12.1% of alfalfa seedlings died due to the cold during the winter months.
Similarly, when alfalfa was sown between cotton rows after the second harvest (September 24),
it was found that in the 1st variant of the experiment, 2.3% of seedlings were lost before the
winter period, and 15.3% during the winter period.
Especially in the 2nd field experiment, under the influence of early frosts on October 7,
depending on the sowing date, 7.9-10.8% of seedlings were lost. In the winter months
(December-January), during severe frosts, 20.5-24.3% of seedlings died. As a result, in this
field experiment, when alfalfa seeds fully germinated during the autumn sowing period, the
plant density was 1792-1831 thousand plants per hectare, and by the end of the alfalfa growing
season, the plant density was 1157-1239 thousand plants.
In the field experiment, alfalfa seed germination was relatively high when sowing alfalfa
in early spring, in the first ten days of March, among the seedlings of spring wheat planted in
the inter-rows of cotton in autumn (variant 3), and especially after harvesting the cotton stalks
and sowing them in the open field (variant 10). At the same time, it was possible to ensure an
optimal plant density.
It should be noted that in the 2nd variant of the experiment, after full germination of
alfalfa seeds, the plant density was 1 million plants per hectare. 953 thousand bushes, the
number of dead seedlings during the growing season was relatively low and amounted to 7.1%.
At the end of the alfalfa growing season, 1 million 814 thousand seedlings were preserved per
hectare. Also, in the 9th variant of the experiment, at the beginning of the alfalfa growing
season, the plant density was 2 million 146 thousand plants per hectare, and at the end of the
growing season - 2 million 26 thousand plants. However, when sowing alfalfa seeds using the
same method in the third ten-day period of March (20.03), due to the rapid increase in air
temperature and the rapid loss of moisture from the surface layer of the soil, as well as due to
the density of seedlings due to the rapid growth of wheat seedlings, a natural thinning of alfalfa
seedlings to 7.8-9.4% was observed. As a result, it was established that the density of alfalfa
seedlings planted in this spring period at the end of the school year was 1536-1764 thousand
plants per hectare.
Thus, it can be noted that in the intermediate period of intensive crop rotation "cotton-
grain," when alfalfa was sown in the first ten days of March, especially in the inter-rows of
cotton, especially when the field was cleaned of cotton stalks and sown in the open field, among
sprouting winter wheat seedlings, the possibility of its germination and survival was high. It
was possible to preserve the alfalfa plant at the optimal plant density.
Review of used literature.
1. Nuriddinov N., Kholikov B.M., Muminov A.A. The importance of short-rotation crop
rotation and rotation in increasing soil fertility. Water and resource-saving agricultural
technologies in the agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Tashkent, 2008, pp. 223-228.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 06,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 173
2. Oripov R.O. Prospects of Winter Intermediate Crops in Agriculture of Uzbekistan.
Scientific and practical foundations of increasing soil fertility. Tashkent. 2007. Pp. 60-64.
3. Oripov R., Sanoqulov A., Islomov I., Shonazarov S. The Role of Intermediate Crops in
Increasing Soil Fertility and Crop Yield. Problems of farming development in the south of
Uzbekistan. Karshi, 2006. Pages 8-9.
