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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FRUIT NAMES IN UZBEK AND
TURKISH PROVERBS
Hojiyeva Nigina Hayotovna
Bux.DPI doctor of Philosophy (PhD)in philology
Ashurova Asalxon Barot kizi
Bux.DPI master
Abstract:
This article is devoted to the use of fruit names in Uzbek and Turkish folk proverbs. It
analyzes the symbols expressed by fruits, their spiritual and cultural significance, and the outlook
of the two peoples. This analysis is important in studying the cultural similarities and
differences between the two nations.
Key words
:Fruit names, Turkish proverbs, Uzbek folk proverbs, symbolic meanings, folk
wisdom, cultural similarities.
There are proverbs related to fruits in the language of every nation, which play an important role
in expressing various spiritual and household concepts. In Uzbek and Turkish proverbs, fruits
are enriched with metaphorical meanings and reflect thoughts related to human behavior, fate
and experience. This article analyzes the symbolic meanings of fruits and their equivalents in
Uzbek proverbs based on Turkish proverbs. It is known that in proverbs the thought is clear, the
expression is clear, and the conclusion is complete. Therefore, proverbs ensure that our speech is
concise, fluent and meaningful. It is not for nothing that our people say that "A word is a
proverb."
The articles of each nation acquire different meanings and contents based on their history and
mentality. Speaking about the comparative analysis of Uzbek and Turkish proverbs, we would
first like to dwell on some features of Uzbek proverbs. Uzbek proverbs reflect the life, history
and cultural views of the people. Uzbek folk proverbs are short, meaningful phrases that reflect
folk wisdom, life experience, and moral views. They have been formed for centuries and passed
from generation to generation through oral tradition. These folk proverbs call a person to act
with intelligence, to acquire a profession, to glorify human values such as morality, honesty,
and loyalty.
Also, Turkish folk proverbs are short, meaningful phrases that reflect the life experience,
outlook and wisdom of the Turkish people formed over the centuries. They are a product of oral
creativity, passed from generation to generation and became an important part of national culture.
We can see that honest work, diligence, patience, family values are glorified at the highest
level in Turkish folk proverbs.
In fact, there are several common aspects in the proverbs of both sister folk. Proverbs that reflect
a number of views, including views about a number of characteristics of humanity - good and
bad, good and evil, responsibility and honesty, have almost a common meaning. In particular,
below we will consider some semantic groups found in the semantics of two folk proverbs:
1) about freedom and liberty; 2) about the value of the country and the homeland; 3)
collectivism; 4) about friendship and solidarity; 5) about doing organized work; 6) about wisdom
and ignorance; 7) about bravery and bravery; 8) about courage and cowardice; 9) about caution;
10) about family and relatives; 11) about love and loyalty; 12) about respecting the elders and
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honoring the younger ones; 13) about humility and education; 14) about hospitality; 15) about
sweetness; 16) about honesty; 17) about savings; 18) patience satisfaction, about; 19) purity, 20)
about purity; 21) about trust and distrust; 24) about boasting; 24) about greed; 25) about animals;
26) about advice; 27) figurative proverbs; 28) proverbs of advice; 30) proverbs on other topics;
As we have seen, the proverbs of the two peoples cover several topics, and in these proverbs,
they used the names of various fruits as evidence to explain some concepts and prove some
opinions. Plants, fruits and vegetables, including fruits, play a very important role in people's
lives, and proverbs use the names of fruits in a figurative sense to create various instructive
conclusions.
In Uzbek and Turkish proverbs, fruits have different symbolic meanings. For example,
1. Grapes (
Üzüm
):
Turkish: "
Üzüm üzüme baka-baka kararır
."
Meaning: Environment affects human nature. That is, "The grape turns black according to the
grape." As long as a person lives in a society, the environment will not fail to influence him.
Uzbek: "Give grapes to the one who gets an apple." Or the Uzbek version of this Turkish
proverb corresponds exactly to the saying "A melon gets its color from a melon". Or the meaning
of the proverb "If you walk close to the cauldron, the blackness is high, if you walk close to the
bad, the misfortune" is quite close.
2. Apple (
"
Elma
):
Turkish: "
Elma ağaçından armut duşmez
".
Meaning: No pears fall from an apple tree. That is, children are still like their parents. There
is a saying that good parents never give birth to a bad child.
Uzbek: "Apples fall to apples." The semantics of this Turkish proverb is similar to the Uzbek
proverb "You dig, you draw, you draw your original breed." Genetic or educational similarity is
expressed in both proverbs. Or our wise people say, "He does what he sees in the bird's nest."
3. Figs(Incir):
Turkish: "
Incir ağaçını taşlayan çok olur
."
Meaning: A useful or successful person is always criticized. That is, if we look at the exact
translation of the proverb, it is said, "There will be many stoners of the fig tree."
Uzbek: "A stone is thrown at a fruit tree." In other words, in both folk proverbs, the idea that
successful people are always criticized or there are always people who envy them is put forward.
4. Pear(Armut):
Turkish: "
Armut pış, ağzıma duş
."
Meaning: Wealth cannot be achieved without work. Nothing can be achieved if there is no
action. Nothing can be achieved in this life as long as he says, "When the time comes, it will
happen."
In Uzbek, the expression "Olma pish, ogzimga tush" or "Tayyor oshga bakovul bolish" can
also be synonymous with the above Turkish proverb. The only difference between the two
proverbs is the name of the fruit. "Pear" fruit was used in one, and "apple" fruit was used in the
other.
5. Cherries(
Kiraz)
:
Turkish: "
Kirazın olgunu dağdan, çürüğü değirmenden gelir
."
Meaning: Good things can never be achieved without hard work.
Uzbek: "The branch of a fruit tree is broken" or "Free food is only in a trap" can be cited as an
alternative to this Turkish folk proverb. In both of our proverbs, virtues such as hard work,
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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honesty and hard work are glorified, and negative ideas such as selfishness, desire to achieve
easy wealth without hard work are condemned.
6.Peach (Şeftali):
Turkish: "Sheftali tatlidir ama kirdeği serttir" (A peach is sweet, but its pit is hard).
Meaning: Good things in life are not always easy to achieve.
Uzbek: "Flowers open, there are thorns", "Honey is sweet, but bees sting".
7.Apricot(Kayısı):
Turkish: "Kayısı yiyen taş atmaz" (A person who eats apricots does not throw stones).
Meaning: A dark person does not quarrel.
Uzbek: "A man with a full stomach does not gossip." This proverb means "A person who lives in
fullness and fullness does not gossip about others and does not have malicious intentions towards
someone."
8.Pomegranate (Nar):
Turkish: "
Nar ağacının dibinde ot bitmez
."
Meaning: Like grass not growing under a pomegranate tree, some places or conditions can
hinder the development of some people.
In Uzbek: "Wipe your mouth after eating pomegranate." In the Uzbek people, this proverb
about pomegranate has a completely different meaning. That is, "Everyone sees the
consequences of what he does or what he says." This proverb is often used as a wise saying that
people are responsible for the results of their actions.
9.Almond (Badem):
Turkish: "
Badem içi tatlıdır, kabuğu serttir
"
Meaning: Sometimes appearances can be deceiving.
Uzbek: "Stone on the outside, soft on the inside." Or, the proverb "The face is shiny, the inside is
colder" is very close to our above proverb in terms of form. It is also appropriate to include the
proverb "Danagid magzi shirin" in this group of proverbs. This proverb is used to mean that a
grandchild is more beloved than a child. But in the Uzbek language, there is no proverb related
to almonds that has a specific meaning or formal meaning.
In addition, the use of fruit names in folk proverbs certainly serves to express some kind of
symbolism. In particular, proverbs of sister nations are very close to each other in terms of
meaning and symbolism. In particular, the Uzbek and Turkish peoples, who are considered
brotherly nations, are no exception. Their customs, traditions, and mentality are almost the same,
so there are many similarities in their worldviews. In this regard, if we take a Turkish folk
proverb that preserves a common meaning and uses a fruit as a symbol, we can find the same
proverb in an Uzbek folk proverb. The difference is that another fruit can be used in place of the
used fruit to clearly show the symbolism. Of course, this does not apply to all proverbs. We can
say that the proverb "Pear is ripe, shower in my mouth" is a proof of our above opinion. In the
Turkish folk proverb it is used as "Nok pish, put into my mouth", while in the Uzbek folk
proverb it is used as "Put apple pie into my mouth".
In conclusion, we can say that in Uzbek and Turkish folk proverbs, life experience,
moral values and rules of social behavior are reflected through the names of fruit. We have
shared some of them with you above.
REFERENCES USED:
1. Y. Ghulomov. (1980). Uzbek folk proverbs. Tashkent: Science.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 02,2025
Journal:
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2. Sharipov, N. (1991). Uzbek folk proverbs and their meaning analysis.
3. Tural, S. (2002). Dictionary of Turkish proverbs and idioms. Istanbul. Publications of the
Turkish Language Association.
4. Aksoy, Ö. (1988) Dictionary of Proverbs and Sayings.
5. Hajiyev, A. (2010). Language and cultural relations.
6.
Doğan, M. (2005) Comparative Analysis of Turkish and Uzbek Proverbs.
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