Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
11
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
11-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In the development of diplomatic relations between Uzbekistan and India, literary relations between the two peoples
are a priority. Historically, the cultural relationship between the people of Uzbekistan and India goes back several
centuries. As cradles of ancient civilizations, the two countries have been in active contact for centuries, enriching
each other's culture, art, philosophy, language, spiritual and moral values. In this article, the trend of development of
literary relations between countries will be studied.
KEYWORDS
Uzbekistan, India, literary relations, Qamar Rayis, "Javaharlal Nehru" award, "Alisher Navai and Uzbekistan",
"Mahabharata", "Ramayana".
INTRODUCTION
It is known that cultural and humanitarian relations are
of paramount importance in the development of
bilateral and multilateral relations between nations.
Therefore, cultural commonality is a force that brings
countries
closer
together
and
strengthens
relationships of trust. In particular, such a situation can
be seen in the case of Uzbekistan and India.
Historically, the cultural relationship between the
people of Uzbekistan and India goes back several
centuries. As cradles of ancient civilizations, the two
countries have been in active contact for centuries,
enriching each other's culture, art, philosophy,
language, spiritual and moral values [1].
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
It is known from history that the beginning of the
ancient scientific and cultural relationship between the
two countries dates back to a specific time in the 1st
millennium BC. After all, the ancient cultural ties that
originated at the crossroads of the great Silk Roads and
contributed to world civilization developed gradually
and never stopped at any period in history.
Research Article
UZBEKISTAN-INDIA: TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF LITERARY
RELATIONS
Submission Date:
September 02, 2023,
Accepted Date:
September 07, 2023,
Published Date:
September 12, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijhps/Volume03Issue09-03
B.D. Sayfullaev
Basic Doctoral Student, Tashkent State University Of Oriental Studies, Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijhps
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
12
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
11-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Cultural relations between Uzbekistan and India
developed at a whole new pace during the years of
independence. As part of the visit to India by Islam
Karimov, the first president of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, on August 17, 1991, the "On cooperation
between Uzbekistan and India in culture, education,
science, tourism, sports and mass media" was signed,
and on January 5 signed. New Delhi 1994, "The
Agreement on Cultural Cooperation between the
Government of the Republic of Uzbekistan and the
Government of the Republic of India serves as the legal
basis for bilateral cultural cooperation" [2].
Analysis and results. Among the cultural ties between
the two countries, the literary one has gained
particular importance and began to develop long ago,
when Buddhism was introduced to Central Asia. But
the first major literary monument is 10th Century
Beruni's "India". In his monograph "From the History
of Literary Relations between Uzbekistan and India",
Professor
T.Khojaeva
divided
the
historical
development of both regions into the following stages
based on objective factors:
The period of the spread of Buddhism; 2. Initial period:
X-XV centuries; 3. Babur period: XVI - XVII centuries; 4.
Period of development of Turkic and Persian literature:
XVII-XVIII centuries; 5. New and the newest era: XIX-XX
centuries [3]. In the history of Uzbek literature, Furkat,
who was forced to leave his homeland and settle in
India in 1892, played a significant role in establishing
friendly relations with eastern nations, and
strengthening literary and cultural ties. His literary
legacy serves as an important source for the study of
the history of economic and cultural relations between
India and Central Asia. Respect for the people of India
awakened gratitude and love for the poet in the hearts
of Indians. The famous Indian writer Krishan Chandar
[4] said: "Indian people are familiar with the works of
Uzbek poets Navai and Furkat,"
The history of Indo-Uzbek literary relations goes back a
long time. Writer and public figure Robindranath
Tagore's literary work attracted the attention of
Uzbekistan's wordsmiths as early as the 20s of the 20th
century. In those years, Abdulhamid Chulpon's large
article titled "About Ulugh" was published in "Maorif
and uqituvchi" magazine, and the first excerpts from
Tagore's photo, biography and prose works were
published in "Yer Yuzi" magazine [5]. In 1940-50,
several works of Tagore were published in Uzbek and
Russian languages.
Among the Uzbek poets and writers, Zulfia,
Sh.Rashidov, Jumaniyaz Jabbarov, Ramz Bobojon,
Barot Boykabilov, and others dedicated their works to
the Indian people, their struggle for freedom, and their
achievements for a new life. In particular, Zulfia was
awarded the Jawaharlal Nehru Award for her services
in the development of cultural relations between
Uzbekistan and India. Indian writers and poets,
including Khoja Ahmed Abbas, S. Zahir, Ali Sardar
Ja'fari, Kaifi Azmi, Qamar Rayis, and others, dedicated
their journalistic and poetic works to the Uzbek people,
great achievements of the Uzbek people, beautiful
cities and villages.
Literary relations developed further after Uzbekistan
gained its independence. In the first years of
independence, the ghazals and collections of rubais by
A. Navai and Z. M. Babur were published as books in
Urdu and Hindi languages. In the development of Indo-
Uzbek literary relations, the services of Qamar Rayis a
well-known specialist in Urdu language and literature,
a professor of Delhi University, who worked as the
head of the Indian cultural center in Uzbekistan, well
known to Uzbek readers, are noteworthy.
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
13
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
11-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
Qamar Rayis will work with Uzbek translation scholars
R. Muhammajanov, Z. Ashurbaev and N. Muhammadov
to translate the works of Gafur Gulam and Zulfia into
Urdu. The scientist created "Shuara-e Uzbekistan"
(Anthology of Uzbek poets), which contains samples
of the poems of sixteen Uzbek poets. The scientific
work of Qamar Rayis called "Alisher Navoi and
Uzbekistan" and published in India is of particular
importance in introducing the great Uzbek poet to
Indian readers [6].
In June 1995, Qamar Rayis visited Uzbekistan and held
meetings with writers, poets, as well as scientists
engaged in researching Z.M Babur's work. Since 1997,
Qamar Rayis continued his work in Uzbekistan as the
head of the Indian Cultural Center in Tashkent [7].
The Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies is of
primary importance in the development of literary
relations with Eastern countries, in particular with
India. One of the scientists of the institute, Professor T.
Ghiyosov, a large part of his scientific research is
devoted to the problems of studying the history of
India, the domestic and foreign policy of the state. His
books include "India's Struggle for Alleviating Tensions
in Southeast Asia and the Far East", "India's Role in
Consolidating Peace in the Near and Middle East",
"Role in the Struggle for Freedom and Independence
of the Indo-Chinese Peoples" [8]. O.N. Shamatov, who
worked at the Department of South-East Asian
Languages of the university, devoted his scientific
work to issues of Indian linguistics. The scientist has
published such monographs as "Classical Dakhini (XVII
South Indian)", "Essays on Indian and Urdu Historical
Lexicology", "Muslim Lexicon and South Indian (XV-
early XVIII Centuries)". T. Kholmirzaev, T. A. Khojaeva,
Sh. Jalilova, Kh. Begizova made a great contribution to
the improvement of Indian linguistics and literary
studies.
Famous Indian scientists J. Sarkor, Qamar Rayis, K. U.
Hashemi also worked at the university. In the
framework of literary relations, the works of famous
representatives of modern literature - Prem Chand,
Khwaja Ahmed Abbas, Krishan Chandar, Yashpal,
Bhisham Sahni, Bhagavaticharan Barma and others,
from the masterpieces of ancient Indian literature
"Panchatantra", "Totinoma", "Hito'padesha" It was
translated into Uzbek and published in large
circulations. Prem Chand's "Destiny", H.A. Abbas's
"Indian Child" novels, K. Chandar's "Maples in my
memory", "Children on Dadar Bridge", B. Sahni's short
stories and stories "Darichalar" are among them.
Thanks to the translations, the Uzbek reader began to
have a comprehensive idea of Indian literature [9].
Also, in 2020, a monograph entitled "Indian Literature"
was created by professors U.Mukhibova and
T.Khodjaeva of TSUOS.
The scope of literary relations of the visits of the head
of Uzbekistan to India in 2018-2019 has expanded and
reached a new level of quality. On the occasion of the
1040th anniversary of the birth of our great ancestor,
scholar of medicine Abu Ali Ibn Sina, Abdul Latif,
professor of Aligarh Muslim University in India
secretary of the Ibn Sina Academy, wrote the book
"Ibn Sina and Uzbekistan". The scientist informed that
the main reason for writing this book was the great
scientific and practical heritage of the scholar, as well
as the positive impressions he gained during his trip to
Uzbekistan.
Abdul Latif at the presentation of the book "Ibn Sina
and Uzbekistan" held in India on October 13, 2020: "On
September 20-21, 2019, I participated in the
international scientific-practical conference "10th Ibn
Sina Readings" held in Bukhara. During my trip, I visited
the village of Afshana, the place where the navel blood
of the great scholar Abu Ali ibn Sina was shed. Of
Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
14
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
11-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
course, as a researcher who has been dealing with the
scientific heritage and life of the great scientist Ibn Sina
for several years, I had special impressions by being in
his native country. It was during this trip that I had the
idea to write a book called "Ibn Sino and Uzbekistan".
Ibn Sina is respected all over the world as a great
philosopher, an international scientist who made a
great contribution to the development of medicine,
chemistry, physics, astronomy and many other exact
sciences. "Through my book, I tried to tell readers
about Ibn Sina's great personality and the importance
of his scientific heritage in the development of
mankind, about the country where this scholar was
born and raised - today's modern Uzbekistan," he says
[10].
On the other hand, in Uzbekistan in 2021, a collection
dedicated to the 150th anniversary of the birth of the
famous statesman Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was
published at the University of World Economy and
Diplomacy under the leadership of Professor Etibor
Sultanova. We know that Indian political and public
figure Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi or Mahatma
Gandhi, who sacrificed his life for the peace and
creativity of humanity, is recognized as such a person
of the 20th century.
The collection reflects the 9 most famous aspects of
Mahatma Gandhi's life and work [11]. Indian scholar
Amir Faizulla was awarded "George Grierson" of India
in 2020 for his contribution to the literary relations
between the two countries, for translating 6 novels of
the great writer Prem Chand, as well as the films
"Mahabharata" and "Ramayana" and more than 10
works from Hindi into Uzbek, received an international
award (established in 1989, this award is given for
special services in the promotion of Indian language
and literature abroad).
CONCLUSION
We note that in today's era of globalization, relations
between Uzbekistan and India are developing in a new
format. In the development of political relations
between the two countries, agreements, and treaties
signed during the official visits of the heads of state
and government are the legal basis for strengthening
relations. Cultural cooperation between Uzbekistan
and India will help strengthen the friendly relations
between the two countries. In recent years, cultural
relations between nations have taken on a qualitative
new meaning.
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Volume 03 Issue 09-2023
15
International Journal Of History And Political Sciences
(ISSN
–
2771-2222)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
09
P
AGES
:
11-15
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
713
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
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