Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
88
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
88-94
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
ABSTRACT
In this article, the family relations, system in society and the social condition of the common layer in Abdulla Kadiri's
work "Mehrobdan Chayon" are analyzed through the method of sociological analysis of literature. We can see that
the writer sometimes follows a certain character according to the requirements of the time and space, and in some
cases it is against these laws. In the excerpts from the work, the social and political situation of the society is aimed at
delivering to the reader.
KEYWORDS
Sociological matter, family relationship matters, justice, freedom, love.
INTRODUCTION
In the novel “Mehrobdan chayon” the pressure of the
khanate period is felt to a certain extent, but the writer
sometimes shows bias. The writer strives to express as
realistically as possible the historical truth that stands
in the position of realism in practice. In the novel, the
author uses light humor, laughter, pitching, sarcasm,
and humor as an additional product of Solix
Makhdum's "unpredictable" nature. It also opens up
the internal and social roots of such production. At the
same time, he states that "all parts of the Mahdum are
to be washed away":
The images of Anwar and Rano in the novel seem, at
first glance, like romantic heroes. In the chapter on
perfection - intelligence, loyalty to a friend, love,
freedom, courage in the cause of justice, they
reminded of the heroes of legends and epics. In terms
of romance, the two young men are very free, and the
Research Article
DEPICTION OF SOCIAL LIFE IN THE NOVEL “MEHRODDAN CHAYON” BY
ABDULLA KADIRI
Submission Date:
April 20, 2023,
Accepted Date:
March 25, 2023,
Published Date:
April 30, 2023
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/ijll/Volume03Issue04-16
Nasriyeva Guzal Zulfiddin Qizi
BSMI, The Teacher Of English Language Department, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theusajournals.
com/index.php/ijll
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
89
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
88-94
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
conversation between them is a bit biblical and poetic.
Taking a closer look, the biblical features that appear in
Anwar and Rano, the document's "supernatural"
special security, are logical and spiritual security.
They are well-educated, in the high culture and
humanistic ideas of the East. The author also provides
information about important historical events,
personalities and adventures related to the fate of the
characters.
The story of Salih Makhdum, the story of Amir
Umarkhan, the power of God on the pretext of the fate
of his ancestors, the bitter fate of Sayyid Khan, Mullah
Siddiq and Mominjon, who suffered for their cause,
information about the history of women, the
adventures of Agacha, the adventures of the mother.
plays an important role. When you get acquainted with
them, you feel like you are reading a documentary-
historical, journalistic work.
The writer sometimes reveals the nature of the
protagonists, the tragedy of the harem girls, through
humor and entertainment. But at the heart of these
ridiculous events lies a serious human drama and a
cruel truth. In short, "The Mehrobdan chayon" is a
unique artistic monument that embodies the reality of
life in its own way, without adding or subtracting.
The scene tells the story of Abdullah Qadiri's novel:
"The subject of the novel is that God, the next
representative of the Turkestan feudal lords, sacrificed
the peasantry and the small artisan class for his own
free will. their inner and outer state, morals, madrasa
and family life, the scholar's sense of humanity, and the
fact that the rest have reached an insignificant level
under the guise of obscenity. the poor, their
dependence on the khanate structure, the black power
- the ulama.
Of course, he tried to keep these last heroes alive to
the best of my ability. Their rebellion against the khan
and the cleric is natural. Because more than that would
be counterfeit and would devalue the book. The
depiction of these two classes covered the khan's
harem, his wives, forty girls, historical and
ethnographic records, Uzbek life, interests, criticism,
talent among Uzbek women, poets, ascetics, and
more.
Here we can see the role of politics in society:
1)Xonning ra'yi suv chiqarishg‘a to‘xtadi. Xazinaning
bo‘shlig‘ini, o‘ylang‘an ishning nihoyatda ulug‘lig‘ini
andisha qilmadi. Qalamravidagi barcha shahar va
qishloqlarg‘a sarkorlar, cho‘g‘ollar tarqatdi. Ular
xalqdan soliq yig‘ishqa, yordam to‘plashqa buyurilga'n
edilar. Bu ixtiyoriy ravishdagi hozirlikdan so‘ng,
“mamlakatimdagi har bir xonadon bitta ketman va
bitta mardikor ber
sin!” deb istisnosiz umumiy bir
farmon ham bo‘ldi. Qamchisi ko‘kda toblanib, xanjari
zahar sochqan “xon hazratning buyrug‘ig‘a” kim qarshi
bora olsin. Har bir oila, garchi, ro‘zg‘or boshlug‘ini
bo‘lsa ham, bitta ketman bilan xon ta'yin qilg‘an joyg‘a
yo‘ll
ay boshladi. Boylar bitta mardikor yollab berish
ustiga ot yoki arava ham topishqa majbur edilar.
Here we can see the policy of the khanate, the
weakness of the class in need of social protection in the
face of politics in society.
2) Arig‘ qazuvchil
arning ovqatdan sillalari qurib, iliklari
puchaygan, yerdan o‘n qadoq tuproq olib irg‘itishqa
emas, hatto ketmanning o‘zini ko‘tarishka ham
darmonsiz edilar. Xon tarafidan ular ustiga ishboshi
qilib belgilangan sarkorlar, ochliq yalqovlig‘ini chinga
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
90
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
88-94
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
hisobl
ab,
quloq
eshitmagan
so‘kishlar
bilan
bechoralarni tahqir etar, sulayib yiqilmag‘uncha
ketmanni tashlatmas edilar. Har o‘n besh
-yigirma
kunda arig‘ boshig‘a kelib turg‘uchi xon, sarkorlarning
si'oyati bilan har bora bir-ikki mehnatkashni qovliqda,
o‘ziga itoatsizlikda ayblab, ko‘bchilik ko‘z o‘ngida
bo‘g‘izlatar va har gal kelib ketishida shuning singari
mazlumlar qoni bilan yangi “Xon arig‘”ni namlab turar,
bu zulmni o‘z ko‘zlari bilan ko‘rib turg‘an bechoralar
ochliqqa, darmonsizliqqa qaramay jon achchig‘
ida
ishka yopishar edilar.
Here we can see the policy of the khanate, the
weakness of the class in need of social protection in the
face of politics in society
As long as upper classes could get out of any situation
lower class would always suffer. Taxes and other
payments introduced by the khan in the society were a
torture for the population. Although the khan's orders
were practically inapplicable, the people were
compelled to obey this policy
“O‘n yillab bizga kiydirgan, yedirgan bechora Anvarga
oqibatimiz shu bo‘ldimi! Sho‘rlik Ra'no bir yuz xotin
yonig‘a yuz birinchi kundash bo‘lib boradimi”?! —
deb
yig‘ladi Nigor oyim.
With this example I want to show the position of
women and girls. Attitudes towards them to be the
101st wife were normal thing to khan. Khanate didn’t
pay attention to the agreement of girls; if he wants to
marry any girl whom he wants he can do it and it
normal for the rules of society. Whenever woman
doesn’t have any right
to choose their couples, even
they have relationship with someone their parents
didn’t take it into account.
“Otangiz, agarchandi kanizni o‘z nikohlariga olmag‘an
bo‘lsalar ham va lekin balog‘atka erishkach olarmad
deb niyat qilg‘anlar. Binobarin bu kaniz
sizga ona
maqomida, shari'at ruxsat bermaydir!” deydirlar.
Mahalla
kishilari
maxdumning
bu
choponig‘a
“moltopar” deb ism berganlar, guppi kiyilib chiqilg‘an
kun maxdumga sezdirmay “moltopar savdodan
qaytibti…
hali
baquvvat,
ish
qilib
yamoqqa
charchamasan
g yana o‘n yillingmi, Mamarayim!” deb
kulishadirlar .
This example shows the situation of poor people in the
19th century. it is also one of the social element of that
period as impoverished people wore one chapan
almost ten years.
With the example of Makhdum author wrote about all
the poor society with light humor
Ammo “ozodliq” masalasida bolalardan hech kimni
ham afu etmas, boy bolasig‘a “ozodliq” lozim bo‘lg‘an
bo‘lsa albatta undirishka, kambag‘al bolasidan mumkin
qadar uzib olishg‘a harakat qilar; bola
lar Haftiyak,
Qur'on, So‘fi Olloyor va shunga o‘xshash kitob
boshlasalar ozodliq majburiy, maktabdan ma'zun
bo‘lg‘anlarning ziyofat qilib maxdumga sarupo
berishlari qoidada bor bo‘lsa ham, lekin aksar bolalar
bu to‘g‘rida domlani –
“ana
-
mana” bilan aldab k
etarlar,
saxiyroq otalar bu marosimni ado etib “ustoz”ni rozi
qilmasalar, ammo ko‘bchilik maxdumni ranjitar edilar.
Panjshanbalik bo‘lsa maktabning asos haqqi va
bulardan boshqa “Qulyog‘a quymoq –
Ammaga
bo‘g‘irsoq –
Yosinga yupqa” degan gaplar ham bo‘lar
edi. Bolalar har yili bir marta “buryo puli” va oyig‘a bir
necha bor “supurgi puli” ham to‘lab turar edilar.
This example might obviously describe the attitude of
civil servants and upper classes of society in relation to
Volume 03 Issue 04-2023
91
International Journal Of Literature And Languages
(ISSN
–
2771-2834)
VOLUME
03
ISSUE
04
Pages:
88-94
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2021:
5.
705
)
(2022:
5.
705
)
(2023:
6.
997
)
OCLC
–
1121105677
Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
Servi
children who come from low-income families and how
they were involved in bribery. These rules like
“ozodliq”, “ana
-
mana”, “Qulyog‘a quymoq –
Ammaga
bo‘g‘irsoq –
Yosinga yupqa”, “buryo puli”, “supurgi
puli” can be real examples of that times public
situation, Teachers also treated and taught children
according to their belonging to a certain class being
very polite with children from high- income
families.Author wrote and show each example with a
great satire.
Bizning o‘zbeklarda, ayniqsa Qo‘qong‘a maxsus bir tus,
sariqqa moyil bir tus bor. Lekin bu tusni kesdirib sariq
deb bo‘lmaydir. Chunki biz og‘riq kishining tusini sariq
deymiz. Zarcha, za'far tuslari ham bunga dag‘alliq
qiladirlar.
In this example we can see the word “sarg’ish “ .
Author gives these sentences to demonstrate the poor
people who suffer from the poverty should be
yellowish , as in our culture we have these kind of views
that the color of poor , hungry, faint people should be
yellow. It is also one of the social sign of that
time.Writer wrote every sentence with great satire.
Maxdum etni uyga berib chiqg‘andan keyin ikki soat
chamasi husnixatdagi bolalar bilan shug‘ullandi,
oradan “abjad” so‘zini durust yozib chiqarg‘an bir
bolaning qo‘lini bog‘lab uyiga yubordi. Bola uyidan
“qo‘l yeshar” olib kelgandan so‘ng hammaga javob
berib bu kungi vazifasini tamomladi.
Habba,
—
dedi maxdum ko‘zini qisib, —
biz ham shu
gaplarni mulohaza qilib qoldiq.
CONCLUSION
The sociological or socio-historical method is the main
approach of the sociology of literature, studying the
influence of social groups and classes on literature, as
well as the significance and influence of literature in
society, as one of its social functions. The subjects of
interest within this method are not only the kinds,
types, genres of literature or themes, motifs, objects
depicted, as well as how the public and the author
interact. The latter is often far from being limited to the
creation of a work on the one hand and the choice to
get acquainted with it or not, on the other. It should
also be noted that the sociology of literature is an
interdisciplinary scientific branch.
Abdullah Qadiri was a leading figure of his time, and his
work “Mehrobdan chayon” was highly influenced by
society. Always tried to show real condition of society,
their sufferings, relationship between khanate and
ordinary people, attitudes towards women, social
stratification and politics in society.
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Servi
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ISSUE
04
Pages:
88-94
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(2021:
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Publisher:
Oscar Publishing Services
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