International Journal of Pedagogics
48
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue01 2025
PAGE NO.
48-50
10.37547/ijp/Volume05Issue01-13
Pedagogical-psychological basis of using the approaches
to education of new enlightenmentalists
Ismailov Tokhirjon Khushnudbek ugli
Teacher at Mamun University, Uzbekistan
Received:
24 October 2024;
Accepted:
26 December 2024;
Published:
16 January 2025
Abstract:
This article studies the views of the Jadid Enlightenment on education and the pedagogical and
psychological foundations of their use. The study analyzes the innovative approaches of the Jadid Enlightenment
to education, their impact on modern educational processes and their relevance. Also, the importance of
methodological approaches in the effective organization of the educational process and the comprehensive
development of students based on the ideas of the Jadids is revealed. The article presents theoretical and practical
proposals and recommendations for solving these issues.
Keywords:
Jadid Enlightenment, education, pedagogical foundations, psychological approach, modern education,
innovative methods, educational process, methodological approach.
Introduction:
Education and upbringing are the basis of
the development of society. Each nation educates the
future generation with its spiritual wealth, cultural
heritage and historical values. The role of the Jadid
enlighteners in the spiritual development of the Uzbek
people is incomparable. In their time, the Jadids not
only sought to reform the education system, but also
served to awaken society through a modern worldview,
innovative approaches, and enlightening ideas. Today,
globalization processes place the responsibility of
preserving our national values and correctly conveying
them to the new generation. From this point of view,
the work carried out by the Jadids in the field of
education, the scientific and practical ideas they put
forward serve as a solid foundation for the modern
education system. Because the Jadids saw education
not only as a means of acquiring knowledge, but also as
a factor in ensuring the spiritual and moral
development of a person. The views of the Jadid
enlighteners on education are relevant not only for
their time, but also for today. This article examines the
possibilities of their effective use in the modern
educational process by studying their pedagogical
views. Our goal is to deeply analyze historical
experience and combine it with the requirements of
the present time. This is an important step towards
making the educational process more effective and
meaningful.
METHODOLOGY
The success of any scientific research depends on the
correct choice of the methodology underlying it. The
study of the views of the Jadid enlighteners in the field
of education requires a complex and multifaceted
approach in content. This study used a number of
methods to study the significance of the Jadid
teachings in the modern educational process.
First, through the historical-comparative method, the
Jadid views on education were compared with other
pedagogical trends in historical conditions. This
approach allowed for a deeper understanding of the
impact of the Jadids on the socio-cultural environment
of their time. In particular, the advantages of "usuli
jadid" schools over other traditional educational
systems were analyzed.
Secondly, using the content analysis method, scientific
and journalistic works written by Jadids, the main ideas
and views in their lectures were studied. This approach
made it possible to compare Jadids' ideas on education
with today's modern educational concepts.
Thirdly, the methods of theoretical synthesis and
generalization played an important role in formulating
the main ideas of the study. In order to effectively use
the pedagogical approaches of Jadids, it was necessary
International Journal of Pedagogics
49
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
to combine their historical and national characteristics
with the needs of modern education. Therefore, in this
study, the innovative views of Jadids on education were
reviewed on the basis of modern pedagogical and
psychological theories.
The selection of methodological approaches was also
based on the principles of interdisciplinary analysis.
This approach made it possible to consider the
pedagogical views of the Jadids not only in one
direction, but also from the point of view of history,
culture,
psychology
and
pedagogy.
Such
a
comprehensive approach increased the scientific
validity and practical significance of the study.
In conclusion, the methodological foundations chosen
in this study made it possible not only to study the
views of the Jadid enlighteners on education, but also
to adapt them to the modern education system. This
allowed us to determine the contribution of historical
experience to the current educational process.
Literature analysis (review)
In the process of studying the views of the Jadid
enlighteners in the field of education, the analysis of
existing scientific and literary sources is of great
importance. The literature base of this study was
formed, first of all, on the basis of the works left by the
Jadids, their contemporaries and scientific research of
later scientists.
The works of the Jadids contain valuable ideas about
modern principles of education. For example, the
articles of Ismail Gasprinsky distributed through the
newspaper "Tarjimon"[7] and the works of such Jadids
as Mahmudkhodja Behbudiy[10], Abdulla Avloniy[1],
Fitrat[5] are important sources for a scientific and
analytical approach. Their works clearly illustrate the
place of "usuli jadid" schools in the educational
process, the specific aspects of curricula and teaching
methods.
The pedagogical approaches of the Jadids have been
studied in depth in scientific works written by scientists
of the later period. In particular, the works of
researchers such as S. Ayni[12], A. Temurkhon[3], G.
A'zamov[6] shed light on the importance of the Jadid
movement in education. These sources contain many
analytical comments on the work of the Jadids in
awakening the national spirit, assimilating modern
knowledge, and reforming the education system.
Foreign studies also play an important role in the
analysis of the literature. For example, studies of
Central Asian Jadidism by European and Russian
scholars, especially the works of scholars such as A.
Bennigsen[2] a
nd E. Carrère d’Encausse[4], help to
consider the Jadid movement in an international
context. Also, “Y. Breugel’s work “Historical and
Cultural Developments in Central Asia: Jadid
Contributions”, published in 2003, is an important
study in illuminating the history of Central Asia, in
particular, the contribution of the Jadid movement to
cultural and social development”[8; 7]. These works
allow for a broader study of the Jadids’ efforts aimed at
modernity.
Also, current modern research on the reform of the
educational process plays an important role in
reassessing the ideas put forward by the Jadids. The
views of the Jadids serve as a valuable basis for
developing methodologies and techniques that meet
the current needs of the national education system.
The analysis revealed that the Jadids sought to create a
harmonious form of education based on national and
modernity in their time. This approach has not lost its
relevance today, but rather serves as a solid foundation
in the development of the educational process.
Therefore, the existing literature provides important
scientific foundations for integrating the pedagogical
and educational views of the Jadids with the modern
education system.
DISCUSSION
The views of the Jadid enlighteners on education are
worth studying as a huge source that enriches today's
educational process. Their educational reforms were
not only revolutionary for their time, but also paved the
way for modern pedagogical approaches. As this study
has shown, the Jadids' views include many pedagogical
and psychological principles that can be applied in the
modern education system.
“Many scientific works and literature have been
created about the Jadid movement and the “Usuli
Jadid” schools in Turkestan, each of which offers a
separate approach to highlighting the social and
cultural impact of these schools. Many researchers
have assessed the Jadid movement as an important
stage of the national revival and have shown that it is
connected with the enlightened ideas of the peoples of
Turkestan” [
9; 148]. During the discussion, it was
especially emphasized that the Jadids sought to reform
education in a systematic and methodical way through
the “usuli jadid” schools. Their approach was aimed,
first of all, at awakening the national spirit and
mastering modern knowledge. For example, the
principles of education expressed in the work of
Mahmudkhoj Behbudi “Risalayi usuli jadid” are aimed
at increasing the activity of students and developing
their ability to think independently. Today, there is an
opportunity to combine these principles with
interactive teaching methods.
The views of the Jadids placed special emphasis on the
International Journal of Pedagogics
50
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
issue of education. The ideas in Abdulla Avloni's work
"Turkish Rose or Morality" show the importance of
education for ensuring the spiritual perfection of
society. Nowadays, it is being discovered that by
combining these principles with modern psychological
approaches, it is possible to form not only the ability to
learn, but also social responsibility in students.
During the study, it can be understood that the
innovative views of the Jadids were embodied in their
desire to maintain a balance between national and
modernity. This aspect is very important for ensuring
the stability of the national education system in today's
era of globalization. However, in order to apply these
ideas in practice, it is evident that a deep analytical
approach, experimentally tested methodologies and
innovative technologies are needed in pedagogical
activities. Another important conclusion during the
discussions was that the pedagogical ideas of the Jadids
are aimed not only at acquiring knowledge in students,
but also at forming free expression of their thoughts
and critical thinking. This is an important factor in
developing 21st century skills, including problem-
solving, creative thinking, and communication skills.
Thus, studying the educational views of the Jadid
Enlightenment and adapting them to modern
requirements can be one of the main factors in further
developing the educational process in our society. Their
ideas serve to lead the future generation to
comprehensive perfection by combining national and
universal values.
CONCLUSION
Education and upbringing are the main foundations for
the development and progress of any society. The role
of the Jadid Enlightenment in the cultural and scientific
heritage of the Uzbek people is incomparable. They
paved the way for the spiritual awakening and cultural
development of the people by reforming education in
their time. During this study, the views of the Jadid
Enlightenment in the field of education were deeply
analyzed and it was found that they are a solid
foundation for the modern education system.
The innovative approaches of the Jadids are relevant
not only in their time, but also today. Their principles of
enriching education with modern knowledge while
preserving the national spirit are important directions
for the current modern education system. In particular,
the active teaching methods introduced in the "usuli
jadid" schools, curricula aimed at forming the ability of
young people to think freely, have not lost their
importance in the current educational process.
In today's era of globalization, preserving national
values and forming a sustainable education system
based on them is more important than ever. The
pedagogical views of the Jadids provide rich scientific
and practical experience in this regard. If their ideas are
integrated into the modern educational process,
significant progress can be achieved in improving the
quality and efficiency of education.
In conclusion, it can be said that the views of the Jadids
in the field of education directly serve as one of the
main sources in the development of modern pedagogy
and psychology. Studying and using these ideas will not
only enrich the educational process, but also make a
significant contribution to the spiritual and cultural
development of society. In the future, by studying the
scientific heritage of the Jadids in more depth and
implementing it widely in educational practice, we can
create a solid platform that will serve the
comprehensive
development
of
the
younger
generation.
REFERENCES
Abdulla Avloni. Turkish Gulistan or Ethics. Tashkent:
Science and Technology Publishing House, 2010.
A. Bennigsen and S. Lemercier-Quelquejay. Muslim
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A. Temurkhan. History of Jadid Schools in Uzbekistan.
Tashkent: National University of Uzbekistan, 2003.
E. Carrère d’Encausse. Islam and the Russian Empire:
Reform and Revolution in Central Asia. London: I.B.
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G. A’zamov. Jadids’ Views on Education. Tashkent:
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Munavvarqori Abdurashidkhanov. Help for schools.
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