International Journal of Pedagogics
84
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue01 2025
PAGE NO.
84-88
10.37547/ijp/Volume05Issue01-23
The model for developing public speaking competencies
in students and the effectiveness of interactive teaching
methods used in its development
Qirboyeva Norgul Tuymurod qizi
NDU 3rd-year PhD candidate, Uzbekistan
Received:
24 October 2024;
Accepted:
26 December 2024;
Published:
28 January 2025
Abstract:
Speech is a type of human activity that engages thought through linguistic tools. Speech performs the
tasks of communication, expressing one's thoughts and emotions, and influencing others. Through this article, we
aim to shape public speaking competencies in students, with a focus on the development of a model for students
to become proficient professionals in their respective fields. During our research, we focused on forming public
speaking competencies in students.
Keywords:
Speech, competency, model, interactive methods, psychological processes, personal knowledge,
foundation of public speaking.
Introduction:
A person who has mastered the culture
of speech is an orator. An orator is not just anyone who
has perfectly mastered the laws and rules of speech
and language culture. Only those with innate talent,
who consistently apply these laws and rules in their
daily activities, can become skilled orators. However,
we must never forget that every leader, regardless of
the organization they work for, should possess public
speaking skills. A teacher is both a leader and a guide
for their students. This is our fundamental rule.
In the preparation of future specialists, the issues of
speech and communicative competency, as well as a
competent approach to education, are highlighted in
the scientific works of B.S. Abdullaeva, S.A. Abdullaeva,
V.I. Andrianova, R.G. Isyanov, N.A. Muslimov, and V.H.
Hasanov. The issues related to the development of
teachers' communicative competence are explored in
the research of U.V. Ziyatdinov, Nishonaliev, and A.I.
Vorobev. From the Commonwealth of Independent
States (CIS), N. Vux, J. Muradov, D.A. Netunaev, S.S.
Magdieva, S.I. Gorshkov, S.S. Vladimirova, O.V. Akulov,
I.L. Bim, N.I. Gimpel, S.A. Yezov, I.A. Zimnyaya, I.N.
Zotov, D.I. Izarenkov, V.F. Remizov, V.V. Safonov, G.K.
Selevko, N.V. Solomin, V.I. Teslenko, A.V. Khutorsky,
A.N. Shukin, L.E. Ageev, Ye.E. Sartakov, O. Kurtev, C.V.
Svetnitskaya, and Ye.A. Bistrov have studied the issues
of forming and developing communication skills in the
process of teachers' professional training.
The foreign experience of studying the development of
communicative competence in the educational process
is discussed in the works of N. Chomsky, D. Hymes, M.
Canale, M. Swain, C.R. Berger, S. Savignon, C. Leung,
J.C. Richards, and R.M. Gabriele. These analyses show
that, based on modern approaches, the development
of communicative competence in students requires the
mastering of theoretical foundations based on high
levels of knowledge and speech culture, as well as
practical preparation for active behavior in specific
professional
situations,
building
interpersonal
relationships harmoniously, and managing them
successfully.
Since we perceive the entire existence today through
our feelings and emotions, we express everything
through words. It is through words that we understand
the word of the Creator, recognize the Almighty, and
offer our worship and prayers. We understand the
sayings of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon
him) through words. The role of words (speech) in the
historical development of our society, in our cultural
and daily activities, and in our pursuit of creativity and
knowledge cannot be overstated. These perspectives
alone show the significance of speech in our lives.
In the articles and books written and being written, we
International Journal of Pedagogics
85
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
come across terms and concepts like speaker, oratory,
speech etiquette, the art of speaking; preacher,
preaching, the art of preaching. In spoken language,
among people, we find expressions such as word
master, eloquent speaker, wordsmith, a person who is
good with words, one who smooths the speech, a
master of speech, someone who speaks beautifully;
such expressions are common among orators, linguists,
literary scholars, and poets. It’s true that not everyone
is born with perfect speech. However, not everyone
becomes an eloquent speaker. Eloquence, or oratory,
is a skill and talent.
Today, many leaders in various institutions have
noticeable flaws in their speech, including the
hesitation in teachers' speech and even mistakes in
journalists' speech on television. As we enjoy the
benefits of independence, we must not remain
ignorant of the art of speaking. The development of
society and culture today depends on how education
and upbringing are carried out. This is a social law of
state significance. The great future of the state is
undoubtedly linked to the deep knowledge and skills of
young people. Therefore, we must set the goal of
shaping skilled educators, never forgetting that this is
essential for the future of our country. This raises the
question: what makes a skilled educator? First and
foremost, we must find the answer to this question.
A teacher should adopt a critical attitude towards their
own speech and, if they notice any shortcomings,
should strive to address them immediately. However,
identifying the flaws in one’s own speech is not always
easy because, during communication, the speaker's
attention is primarily focused on the content (what is
being said) rather than the form (how it is said).
Furthermore, if a teacher is careless about their speech,
certain flaws may become ingrained in the language,
and the speaker may fail to notice them later on. For
example, issues like hasty speech, lack of clarity,
monotony, excessive loudness, unclear pronunciation
of certain sounds and words, and other such flaws may
go unnoticed.
A characteristic feature of pedagogical technologies is
that education and upbringing are closely tied to the
student's abilities and activities, meaning that the
interaction between the two participants
—
teacher and
student, or subject and object
—
should be focused on
mutual communication. The following diagram
illustrates the pedagogical process between a teacher
and students.
Many pedagogical technologies developed in the USA
are based on the theory of K. Rogers. Person-centered
pedagogical technologies are based on the individual
uniqueness of a person, the importance of not violating
their personal dignity, and the intellectual, intellectual,
and developmental preparedness of the student in
education.
In our research, we developed a model for shaping
public speaking competencies in students by using
methods that foster their oratory skills. At this point,
we need to understand the meaning and nature of the
word "module."
A module refers to a didactic unit of study material that
logically reflects the important aspects of a particular
•
A div of knowledge
within science div of
personal knowledge
student
•
ways of delivering the
subject to the students
the ability to use
pedagogical techniques in
their place
A set of personal
knowledge
•
ability of students to
concentrate follow the
rules of linguistics
psychological processes
International Journal of Pedagogics
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
subject, focusing on a specific educational goal and
portraying it in a complete and perfect manner.
This module will help develop speaking skills in
students. In our research, we can freely apply the
model we developed in our lessons and use interactive
teaching methods. Based on the ideas and thoughts
discussed above, we can also apply the model for
shaping speaking competencies in a lesson activity, as
illustrated below.
In the following table, we present the model for
shaping public speaking skills.
In shaping the art of public speaking in students, we
used various pedagogical technologies, including
different programmed teaching technologies, inserts,
clusters, and cooperative learning technologies. As a
result of applying these in practice, we conducted our
research.
In the process of developing public speaking
competencies in students, the use of expressions,
sentence structure rules, words, intonation (tone),
facial expressions, hand gestures, and proper use of
pauses as communication tools increases the
effectiveness of speech. When a speaker delivers a
lecture, it is essential to pay attention to the
components of speech.
Speech, in turn, is divided into the following parts:
The introduction.
The main div.
The conclusion [4]. In the introduction part of the
speech
–
interest is generated regarding the topic of
the lecture or discussion. In the classroom, students are
prepared for communication while developing their
speaking competencies, making them ready to listen to
the speech. In the main div
–
arguments are
presented logically, based on the raised ideas. The
correctness of these arguments forms the basis for
students to draw relevant conclusions. In the
conclusion part, the ideas expressed are summarized,
and the significance of the statements is emphasized.
Moreover,
in
shaping
students'
speaking
competencies, the role of scientific methods and
interactive methods is invaluable. Because it is crucial
to first develop their mechanisms.
We will now observe the impact of these scientific and
interactive methods, which play a leading role in
shaping public speaking competencies. The scientific
methods in developing speaking competencies include:
professional
Having enough knowledge
multidisciplinary nature of professional
knowledge
pedagocical
Development of methods of conveying ideas
Knowledge of speech techniques
Model of public speaking competence formation
Learning to lose emotion in
demands
Stress management training
International Journal of Pedagogics
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
At this point, let us focus on the tasks of a teacher in
professional communication. The task of professional-
pedagogical communication is to master the
technology, where the teacher can apply warm
relations, resulting in the manifestation of the teacher's
personality. The methods of taking the initiative in class
are as follows:
Act promptly in establishing communication with the
class.
Quickly transition from organizational tasks to key
stages of the lesson process.
Form the social-psychological unity of the class,
creating a sense of "we."
Apply communication methods with children according
to the situation.
Organize communication with the entire class as a
cohesive group [3].
As noted by the pedagogical scholar N.A. Muslimov,
"The professional formation of a teacher is dependent
on their role in society, their obligations and
responsibilities at higher pedagogical education
institutions, and the student's role is of a relative
nature. However, their participation in the learning
process and fulfilling certain educational tasks are
defined by certain criteria" [The Decree of the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated February
7, 2017, "On the Strategy for Further Development of
the Republic of Uzbekistan," PF-4947, 2017, February
8].
According to V.N. Vedenskiy, "Competence is a
personal characteristic, and competence refers to a set
of specific professional or functional traits."
Summarizing these thoughts, the manifestation of
social competence includes the following:
Active participation in social relationships as a well-
rounded individual.
Possessing moral qualities, life knowledge, skills, and
abilities.
Engaging in communication with subjects in
professional activities and solving problems sincerely.
Creative approaches.
The ability to use modern methods and tools
purposefully in the educational process.
Interactive methods are highly beneficial in shaping
public speaking competencies. The following methods
can be utilized:
1.Experimental Research: Testing and
Measuring the Effectiveness of Different
Methods for Developing Students' Public
Speaking Skills
.
2.
Surveys: Conducting surveys to learn the
opinions and experiences of students,
analyzing the results
3. Analysis and Synthesis: To enable
students to analyze material on a particular
topic and develop their own opinions.
4.
Projecting: Students will develop the skills
of expressing their thoughts and working
together by preparing a project in groups.
5. Applied Research: Develop independent
thinking skills by conducting research on
topics and presenting results.
6. Analysis and Synthesis: To enable
students to analyze material on a particular
topic and develop their own opinions.
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
The use of these methods depends on the teacher's
abilities. This is because the teacher must be able to use
the correct methods for each lesson.
BBB Technology
"Stress and communication skills: Managing stress in
public speaking and overcoming difficulties."
Name
Know
Known
I will know
Based on the above topic, we organized a lecture for
the students. In the first part, we discussed what
information they knew about the topic. In the second
part, we provided information on the topic. In the third
part, we explored what questions the students were
interested in regarding the topic and worked together
to find solutions.
During our research, we learned how the students
utilized speech characteristics, speech techniques, and
tone, and the style they used in delivering their speech.
REFERENCES
Sh.M. Mirziyoyev’s decree "On measures to
significantly increase the influence and status of the
Uzbek language as the state language" dated October
21, 2019.
Ibragimov X., Abdullayeva Sh. Pedagogical Theory
(Textbook).
—
T.: Fan va Texnologiya, 2008.
–
p. 215.
M. Maxsudova. Psychology of Communication.
Tashkent-2006, p. 59.
Shodiyeva Q. Methods of Speech Development, -
Tashkent, O’qituvchi, 2008.
Bekmirzayev N. Fundamentals of Public Speaking Art, -
Tashkent, Yangi Nashr, 2008.
Xoliqov A. Pedagogical Mastery, - Tashkent, Tafakkur
Bostoni, 2011.
Djo’rayev R.Kh., Turg’unov S.T., Axmedova N.K.
Education Management, - Tashkent, 2013.
1. Role-playing: Students can develop public speaking skills by role-playing
different situations.
2. Negotiations: Improves the skills of negotiating,
exchanging ideas and communicating in groups on a
specific topic.
4. Question and Answer
Sessions: Question and
answer sessions develop the
ability to think quickly and
respond.
5. Group discussion: Small
group discussion improves
brainstorming and listening
skills.
3. Presentations: Students
can test their public
speaking skills by
presenting their ideas in the
form of a presentation.
6. Expressing Thoughts:
Teaching students to express
their thoughts in a short period
of time, which develops their
ability to think quickly.
