International Journal of Pedagogics
101
https://theusajournals.com/index.php/ijp
VOLUME
Vol.05 Issue02 2025
PAGE NO.
101-104
10.37547/ijp/Volume05Issue02-27
Organizational and pedagogical conditions of
introduction of modern management principles to HEIs
of Uzbekistan
Azamov Jasurbek Murodovich
Kokokn State Pedagogical Institute, Independent researcher, Doctor of Philosophy in Jurisprudence (PhD), Uzbekistan
Received:
11 December 2024;
Accepted:
13 January 2025;
Published:
15 February 2025
Abstract:
In this article, the fundamental reforms that have been taking place in our country in recent years
increase the need to reform the higher education system, and it is very important to train strong and capable
personnel capable of carrying out the reforms based on the intended results. The need to modernize the operation
and management of HEIs and to introduce the principles of autonomy to them has been highlighted.
Keywords:
Modern knowledge, regulatory and legal documents, Transformation, digital economy, credit module,
activities of HEIs.
Introduction:
Determining the priorities of the
systematic reform of higher education in the Republic
of Uzbekistan, raising the process of training highly
qualified personnel with modern knowledge and high
moral and ethical qualities to a new level in terms of
quality, modernization of higher education, social
sphere and economic sectors based on advanced
educational technologies. In order to develop, based on
international experiences, introducing advanced
standards of higher education, including the step-by-
step transition from education focused on the
acquisition of theoretical knowledge to the educational
system focused on the formation of practical skills,
ensuring the academic independence of higher
education institutions"[4] are gaining relevance. . Also,
the decision of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated July 11, 2019 No. PQ-4391 "On
measures to introduce new principles of management
in the system of higher and secondary special
education" brought out.
Decree No. PF-4947 of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan dated February 7, 2017 "On the Action
Strategy for Five Priority Areas of Development of the
Republic of Uzbekistan", No. PQ-2909 dated April 20,
2017 "On Measures for the Further Development of the
Higher Education System", 2017 No. PQ-3151 dated
July 27, 2018 "On measures to further expand the
participation of economic sectors and sectors in
improving the quality of training of highly educated
specialists", June 5, 2018 "Increasing the quality of
education in higher education institutions and their
active participation in comprehensive reforms
implemented in the country" Decisions No. PQ-3775 on
additional measures to provide, Decree No. PF-5763
dated July 11, 2019 "On measures to reform
management in the field of higher and secondary
special education", "On the system of higher and
secondary special education Decision No. PQ-4391 on
measures to introduce new management principles"
and dated October 8, 2019 The dissertation presented
serves as a specific source in the implementation of the
tasks defined in the Decree No. PF-5847 "On approval
of the concept of development of the higher education
system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030" and
other normative legal documents related to the field.
METHODOLOGY
G.N. Akhunova, B.A. Begalov, A.Sh. Bekmurodov, S.S.
Gulyamov, Sh.N. Zaynutdinov, M.A. Ikramov are among
the scientists involved in modernization of higher
education management in Uzbekistan and introduction
of new principles. . It was studied by N. Samadov, T. Sh.
Shodiev, Sh. D. Ergashkhodjaeva, A. T. Yusupov, Sh.
Qurbanov.
International Journal of Pedagogics
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
RESULT
Despite the fact that many scientific studies have been
carried out on the theoretical and practical aspects of
the introduction of new management principles in HEIs,
they cannot be considered to adequately illuminate the
problem. In particular, the organizational-legal and
administrative-pedagogical aspects of the problem
have not yet been studied based on the characteristics
of the new era of the development of our society.
Accordingly, there is a need to solve a number of
scientific, methodological and practical problems
related to these issues.
Although reforms have been carried out in the
education system of our country in recent years, wide
opportunities have been opened, but there are many
problems that need to be solved. The fact that the head
of state pays special attention to education, and the
fact that the president himself is at the head of these
reforms, shows how important educational reforms are
for the society. According to the head of our state, "if
we do science and education correctly, all fields will be
developed by qualified specialists themselves." Also, at
the meeting of the president and science
representatives held at the National University of
Uzbekistan on May 24, 2019, Shavkat Mirziyoyev
emphasized that the only way is to reform education
and develop science. After all, in order to further
develop science in our country, to educate our youth as
possessors of deep knowledge, high spirituality and
culture, to rapidly continue the work started on the
formation of a competitive economy and to raise it to a
new, modern level, 2020 has been designated as the
"Year of Science, Enlightenment and Digital Economy
Development." I propose to name it" [1.12]. It is worth
noting that "the introduction of continuous education
in our republic requires the management bodies of the
education sector to solve a number of tasks and
constantly improve and develop them. In this case, it is
important to provide the educational process with
quality regulatory and legal documents in a timely
manner.
It is necessary to create competition in the system by
liberalizing management in the higher education
system, abandoning centralized management, giving
academic independence to universities and creating
financial freedom. It is also necessary to organize the
educational process in higher education institutions
based on their capabilities, to develop and regularly
update educational programs, and in general to
increase creativity while abandoning standard
educational programs.
DISCUSSION
Today, education is recognized as one of the most
important economic resources in developed countries.
"There are a number of shortcomings in the
management of the education system in Uzbekistan. It
is time to put the management of the education sector
under one ministry. The experience of countries such
as the USA and Russia shows this. In order to improve
the management of educational institutions, to
strengthen their independence, it is necessary to take
into account the opinion of the school community
when appointing the rector, vice-rectors, and evaluate
the management's activities after 5 years of work»[8].
The economy now depends more and more on the skills
of the worker, and in this regard the role of education
in general, as well as the importance of training and
retraining of personnel is increasing. On the other
hand, these changes need to be learned and taught.
This is the task of teachers in educational institutions.
For the development of society, it is especially
important for the teacher to be aware of the changes,
to learn from them and to develop this ability in the
students. For this, it is necessary to form a new
mentality (way of thinking) in higher education in which
the teacher becomes not a victim of changes, but their
source and indicator.
Today, the shortage of professional personnel in the
management of the state and society, especially in local
areas, the rate of population growth, the current state
of the infrastructure and potential of the higher
education system require the next and fundamental
changes.
"First of all, it is necessary to take serious steps to
consistently decentralize the higher education system,
drastically reduce state control and participation, and
give academic independence, not limited to
administrative independence. Voluntary decisions
should be made, such as relinquishing administrative
management functions, while maintaining the
ministry's function of monitoring the quality of
education and the implementation of state conditions.
The ministry should have a compact and highly
professional composition and move to a coordinating
role.
Second, the time has come to fully implement distance
education. For this, it is necessary to create sufficient
infrastructures, open a wide path to distance education
in legislation and procedures, and create conditions for
educational institutions to widely use it. This allows to
solve the issue of achieving full coverage of graduates
with higher education in 3-5 years, not in the next 10-
15 years, and also to optimize the amount of payment-
contracts of higher educational institutions.
Thirdly, in order to create a market of higher education
services, it is necessary to introduce clear, equal and
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
fair conditions for all participants. All participants who
can fulfill the conditions set by the state and are ready
to follow the law should be given the opportunity to
invest in the industry.
Fourthly, it is necessary to revise the educational
standards and introduce modern management
approaches to control the quality of education. If
necessary, for this, it is necessary to hire management
development consultants and managers from
prestigious universities of the world, and most
importantly, to allocate necessary funds from the
government.
In addition, the ministry faces a number of difficult
tasks related to directly connecting higher education
with the labor market, revising the directions for
awarding diplomas, and stimulating the development
of scientific potential.
In recent years, the scope of coverage of graduates
through higher education has been expanding in
Uzbekistan. In 2016, the enrollment of graduates in
higher education was 9 percent, and in 2020, this
indicator was 25 percent. If this process continues, it
will lead to an increase in the admission rates of
students to higher education institutions and the
formation of a fair competitive environment. "Special
attention is paid to increasing the scope and quality of
higher education. Starting next year, the number of
state grants allocated to higher education will be
increased by at least 25 percent»[2]. Also, "there is a
risk of irregular education, that is, the set of taught
courses is selected based on the availability of teachers
in the field. In many cases behind fancy named courses
lies old content in objective form. In the process of
forming programs, most higher educational institutions
do not think about the knowledge system, but try to
meet the requirements of the incompetent consumer
of educational services»[6]. One of the urgent
problems in the management of higher education
institutions is the work with personnel and their
rejuvenation. In Uzbekistan, the rates of inclusion of
graduates in higher education are increasing, as well as
the age rates of professors and teachers are also
increasing.
The transformation of higher education is one of the
urgent management problems, and the transformation
of the university is based on 3 tasks - gathering talents,
providing resources, and effective management
system.
In carrying out the task of gathering talent, first of all,
universities should be allowed to independently
determine the procedure for selecting students with
the highest academic performance in each field. In
order to provide resources for the second task, there
are four main sources of funding to consider. These
include the state budget, revenue from contract
research for public and private companies, revenue
from grants to universities, and tuition fees. Therefore,
in order to establish an effective management system,
it is necessary to create an environment and work
conditions that support the formation of the spirit of
free competition, unlimited scientific research, critical
thinking, innovation and creativity in universities.
Meanwhile, universities with full management
autonomy are becoming more flexible. Therefore, they
can manage their own resources and respond to the
needs of a rapidly changing global market without
being bound by external binding standards. In general,
each university should have its own financial autonomy
to allocate funds, hire teachers and staff, and set their
salaries.
Here, 3 different approaches to the transformation of
higher education institutions are of particular
importance. It envisages modernization of existing
universities, their merger and establishment of new
universities.
Through the transformation, students have the
opportunity to form individual educational programs.
The need for a teacher as a repeater disappears. Its task
will be to help students manage large amounts of
information. There is a need to encourage consumer
education. Social networks are used to conduct
practical training, and a leading specialist or expert
teaches through online tools.
According to the decree of the President "On approval
of the concept of development of the higher education
system of the Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030", at
least 10 universities of our country are expected to
enter the first 1000 positions of the list of higher
education institutions in the ranking of internationally
recognized organizations by 2030. For this, of course, it
is necessary to gradually transfer higher educational
institutions to the self-financing system, to introduce a
modern credit module system into the educational
process.
In this, the structure and technologies of education will
be improved, as a result, universities will be
transformed into scientific institutions capable of
providing
modern
education
and
introducing
innovations.
Another important point is that the solution to the
problems related to the training of qualified personnel
should, of course, come from the reorganization of the
educational process. The future trend of education is
inextricably linked with digitization. This will change the
labor market and create conditions for the emergence
of new competencies. Accordingly, the next ten years
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104
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International Journal of Pedagogics (ISSN: 2771-2281)
should be a period of significant changes in higher
education
—
a stage of reorganization of the
educational process based on the formation of a new
middle class for the development of the digital
economy and the use of artificial intelligence
technologies. The reform of digitalization of education
envisages equipping them with modern technologies -
"computers connected to the Internet, information
systems that allow the use of educational resources,
the results of modern scientific research and
development, electronic scientific libraries in different
languages of the world. With the development of
education based on the digital economy, the role of the
state in the field will decrease. Conditions and
requirements are created for the emergence of new
suppliers of competitive educational services in the
domestic and world markets. One of the main tasks of
universities is to establish effective interactions with
employers to determine promising professions and
qualifications of graduates»[7]. Therefore, it is a
requirement of the times and social development to
bring new approaches to higher education, to change
the attitude towards it, to carry out the process of its
transformation, and to initiate reform processes for the
gradual application of international standards.
The
educational
revolution
represents
an
unprecedented expansion of the number of students at
all levels of education [5:78].
CONCLUSION
The fundamental reforms of higher education in our
country in recent years have increased the need to
reform the higher education system. Because it is very
important to train strong and potential personnel
capable of carrying out reforms based on the intended
results. In today's globalized world, in the conditions of
market relations, it follows that it is necessary to adapt
higher education to market mechanisms, to modernize
the activity and management of HEIs, and to introduce
the principles of autonomy to them.
REFERENCES
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Shavkat Mirziyoyev
to the Oliy Majlis// People's word. December 30, 2020.
Decision PQ-4391 of the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan "On measures to introduce new
management principles into the system of higher and
secondary special education". July 11, 2019.
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
No. PF-5847 "On approval of the concept of
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Republic of Uzbekistan until 2030". October 8, 2019,
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