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OPPORTUNITIES FOR DEVELOPING STUDENTS' OPERATIONAL
COMPETENCES IN HIGHER EDUCATION.
Ermatova Mexriniso Bekmurodovna
Denov Institute of Entrepreneurship and Pedagogy
Teacher of the Department of Preschool Education
Email:ermatovamehriniso948@gmail.com
Annotation.
This article explores the possibilities of improving students' operational
competencies through engaging them in extracurricular practical embroidery activities. Learning
the art of embroidery helps students develop independent working skills, a deeper understanding
of technological processes, aesthetic taste, and professional abilities. Extracurricular activities
bring students closer to national culture, stimulate creative thinking, and encourage practical
labor. The article analyzes methods of organizing practical sessions, methodological approaches,
and the role of national handicrafts in the development of professional competencies. These
efforts are especially important for promoting youth employment and guiding them toward
vocational skills and craftsmanship.
Keywords:
Embroidery, Practical activities, Extracurricular learning, Operational compet
encies , Vocational training, Creative skills, Student engagement, National handicrafts, Hands-on
learning ,Innovative teaching methods
Introduction .
Relevance of the topic.
Today, one of the urgent issues is to instill folk applied arts, in
particular embroidery, in the minds of the younger generation, to educate them through practical
activities that serve to preserve national values, form aesthetic taste. The art of embroidery, as
one of the centuries-old rich cultural heritages of the Uzbek people, is an important means of not
only artistic, but also spiritual education.
One of the main tasks facing the modern education system is to form and strengthen
professional and practical competencies in students. From this point of view, students'
engagement in embroidery activities within extracurricular activities deepens their practical skills
and qualifications, and plays an important role in developing such competencies as creative
thinking, independent work, and problem solving.
In the current conditions, the labor and professional training of young people is an
important social task, and theorists and practitioners of this field, pedagogical scientists, teachers,
educators, trainers and masters teach young people various aspects of folk crafts, prepare them to
master professions in these areas, which leads to the development and progress of our crafts, and
thereby makes a worthy contribution to the treasury of world culture [3.7].
Also, the decrees of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the Development of
National Crafts", resolutions on ensuring the employment of young people in the field of crafts,
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directing them to entrepreneurship and expanding the system of family vocational schools further
increase the relevance of this topic.
Practical classes on embroidery are also relevant in the following aspects:
1. Formation of national identity
- It educates students to be loyal to national values by
instilling respect and interest in their own culture.
2. Socio-psychological adaptation
- Through such activities, students realize themselves as
useful individuals in society, and teamwork skills are formed.
3. Development of professional competence
- The student, participating directly in labor
activities, learns to perform embroidery work technologically correctly, work with equipment,
and combine ornaments and patterns.
4
. Vocational training in a market economy
- It creates a practical understanding of the
possibilities of conducting entrepreneurial activities through embroidery and earning income
through crafts.
Also, involving students in practical activities plays an important role in meaningfully spending
their free time, protecting them from negative influences, developing a creative approach, and
increasing their motivation for independent learning.
Main part
. Ways to increase the importance of folk crafts and applied arts in the development of
national culture, the production of high-quality handmade products, the revival of traditional and
unique types, and state support for folk craftsmen are reflected in the Decree of the President of
the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 31, 1997 “On measures to provide state support for the
further development of folk crafts and applied arts” No. PF-1714 and the Resolution of the
Cabinet of Ministers dated June 4, 1977 No. 282 [1].
In the 21st century, the development of students' creative and practical activities based on
innovative approaches in the educational process has become an urgent issue. In particular, the
focus on studying national arts and crafts in vocational education serves to strengthen the
professional and cultural competencies of young people. Embroidery is not only a decorative art
of needlework, but also a rich heritage that embodies the historical, cultural and aesthetic views
of the people.
Engaging students in embroidery activities in extracurricular activities has a number of goals:
development of practical skills;
formation of creative thinking;
understanding of national values;
mastering work culture;
strengthening the competence of teamwork and interaction.
Operational competence
- is a set of knowledge, skills and abilities necessary for the
effective and independent implementation of professional activities. Embroidery activity serves
as an ideal tool for developing this competence. The student masters the following operational
stages in creating each ornament:
1. Design stage
- selecting a pattern, developing a composition, planning color harmony.
2. Preparatory stage
- selecting fabric, needle, thread and other necessary tools, preparing a
sketch.
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3. Technological process
- creating a pattern using various sewing techniques (chain stitch, edge
stitch, star stitch, etc.).
4. Analysis of the work performed
- evaluating the result, identifying errors and improving.
Extracurricular activities play an important role in effectively organizing extracurricular
time, encouraging students to work independently, and preparing them for the profession. This
includes organizing embroidery circles, meetings with national craftsmen, and practical seminars.
Students see the results of their work by creating real products, which increases their self-
confidence.
Students can learn to combine national embroidery with modern designs and create new
products. Through embroidery, students can be taught to appreciate elegance, harmony, and
artistic taste. Through the symbolic meaning of the patterns reflected in the embroidery, students
receive deep spiritual lessons[5,106 b].
The effectiveness of organizing classes on folk crafts is related to: the methodology and
technology of the educational process, the process of mastering knowledge[4,41].
Through embroidery, students also acquire small business skills. In today's competitive labor
market, a person who has a craft will always have an advantage. Therefore, during practical
training, it is advisable to direct students to study the marketing of finished products, branding,
and marketing approaches.
Literature analysis.
Shomirzayev Makhmudmurod Khurramovich's textbook "Folk
Crafts and Artistic Design" is an important scientific and practical resource in the field of
technology education. This textbook includes such important aspects as the integration of
national crafts into the modern education system, the inclusion of artistic design in the
educational process, and the use of innovative methods. The textbook serves as a methodological
guide for improving educational programs, teachers and students. This textbook discusses the
need to pay special attention to our rich national and cultural heritage, national and universal
values, and new requirements of the new era in improving, nationalizing, and raising educational
work to a level that meets world standards. [3,8]. Mirzaeva Gulmira Makhmanazar's dissertation
on the topic "Improving the methodology for developing technological competencies in students'
study of folk crafts" is an important scientific work in the field of technology education. This
study developed methodological approaches aimed at developing students' technological
competencies through the study of folk crafts. The practical significance of this dissertation is
highlighted as follows:
Preservation and development of national values:
The study of folk
crafts contributes to the preservation and development of national values[3,27].
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS.
During the study, the following important results were
achieved in terms of developing students' operational competencies in embroidery by involving
them in extracurricular activities:
Results:
1. Students' practical skills have developed significantly.
During the experimental sessions, the ability to perform traditional and modern embroidery
techniques has increased. Students have shown high activity in working independently, choosing
designs, and finding creative solutions.
2. Operational competencies have been clearly formed.
Operational actions such as step-by-step organization of the process, correct selection of
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materials and equipment, and adherence to technological sequence have improved.
3. Attention to creativity and national values has increased.
During the sessions, students have studied the methodological aspects of the Uzbek national art
of embroidery in more depth. This has developed their cultural thinking and aesthetic taste.
4. Increased motivation and interest among students.
Being an extracurricular activity, these activities created a positive atmosphere among students
and increased their desire for professional growth.
Discussions:
The conducted research showed that practical, creative and culturally oriented extracurricular
activities not only help to form the student's professional competence, but also develop his
general culture, aesthetic views and teamwork skills. Embroidery activities, in turn, are
manifested as a means of developing not only technical, but also socio-emotional competencies.
As a result of the discussions, the following proposals were put forward:
• It is necessary to introduce modular training programs within the framework of embroidery
classes.
• It is necessary to include project work based on a creative approach in extracurricular activities.
• It would be useful to organize master classes in embroidery, workshops with the participation
of masters of the master-student tradition and folk applied arts.
Conclusion:
The role of extracurricular activities in developing students' operational
competencies in practical activities related to embroidery is invaluable. Practical activities
outside the classroom are an important tool in ensuring the effective transition of students from
theoretical knowledge to practical experience.
Embroidery is an art form that requires subtlety and patience, artistry, precise hand movements,
and the coordination of design and color. Therefore, it is difficult to develop high-level
operational competencies based solely on theoretical knowledge.
Extracurricular activities allow students to independently test their knowledge and skills, apply
various technical methods, and try out creative approaches in practice. Through this process,
students learn to effectively use various embroidery techniques, materials, and equipment. Such
activities also help develop creative thinking, create new designs, and develop an individual style.
In extracurricular activities, students also develop time management, responsibility, and
independent and team-working skills. In addition, practical activities create an environment of
healthy competition and cooperation among students, which further stimulates their professional
growth.
In the process of improving operational competencies, it is also important to introduce new
technologies, modern materials, and innovative methods. This will help students acquire
advanced experience in improving quality and efficiency in embroidery. In addition,
extracurricular activities can be organized in the form of numerous professional exhibitions,
competitions, practical seminars, and projects, which will bring students closer to the real work
environment.
As a result, the development of operational competencies in embroidery through
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extracurricular activities will help students become professionally mature, creative, and
responsible specialists. This will not only provide them with meaningful free time, but will also
create a solid foundation for them to achieve high results in their future work.
References:
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 31, 1997 No.
PF-1714 “On measures to provide state support for the further development of folk crafts and
applied arts”.
2. Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 282 of June 4, 1977
3. Shomirzayev M. Kh. "Folk crafts and artistic design" "Lesson Press"
Tashkent – 2023
4. Mirzaeva G. M. "Improving the methodology for developing technological competencies in
studying folk crafts in students" Tashkent - 2024
5. Ermatova M. B. Ways to teach students national embroidery. Scientific conference Urgench –
2025
