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SCIENTIFIC THEORIES AND CONCEPTS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL UNIVERSITIES
DIRECTED TO INNOVATIVE ACTIVITY
Sh.A. Rakhmatov
PhD, Associate professor, Bukhara State Technical University
Abstract:
The scientific research illustrates that innovative to work directed entrepreneur of
universities importance and their scientific theoretical basics about concepts analysis will be
done. Universities, world economy and technologies soon
changing in conditions, scientific
and research activity effective organization to do, new innovative products creation and society
to their needs adaptation through own positions is strengthening. In the article of universities
entrepreneurship abilities to develop directed concepts and theories as well as their science and
work to release between contacts in reinforcement place seeing will be released. Innovative to
work directed universities successful development for new work models and socio-economic to
the requirements adaptation mechanisms work on the way out important to the point owner
Keywords:
innovative activity, entrepreneur universities, scientific theories, innovative
concepts, university and entrepreneurship, science and work release, socio-economic
requirements, education and innovation, development strategies of universities developments.
Scientific ideas and approaches to the formation of the scientific paradigm of entrepreneurial
HEIs aimed at implementing innovative activities allow us to highlight the following trends:
- At the end of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century, the tasks of higher
education institutions in creating, accumulating, preserving, transmitting, and disseminating
knowledge in society are relevant;
technologies formed through the production and sale of science-intensive and high- tech products
with the participation of the scientific-research sector are recognized as the main factors of
economic competitiveness;
- entrepreneurial universities make a significant contribution to ensuring the increase of
economic competitiveness by implementing integrated cooperation and innovative activities in
socio-economic systems.
Theoretical and methodological foundations of the entrepreneurial university theory D. Williams,
G. Itskowitz, L. Leitsdorf, D. Formed by Salmi. The scientific paradigm of the entrepreneurial
university (ETM) has rich theoretical resources, which focus on the issues of commercialization
of the results of innovations and the formation of effective transfer of the created knowledge and
technologies. We will touch on some of the main scientific theories and concepts systematized
that influence the genesis of the entrepreneurial university (ETM) scientific paradigm.
The main idea of the theory of large cycles of economic conjuncture (1920s, Kondratiev N.D.):
-
Scientific and technological innovations are an important factor in restructuring the economic
structure.
Theory of innovative development (1930s); Schumpeter J.A. main idea:
The locomotive of economic development is innovation in a dynamic process, in which new
technologies replace old ones, and this process is called "creative destruction." The essence of
the economic development of society is ultimately determined by the process of implementing
innovations by innovative entrepreneurs, which ultimately ensures the growth of labor
productivity and general well-being.
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Theory of the knowledge economy (1960s) Drucker P.; Makhlup F.; Makarov V.L., Kleiner G.B.
main idea:
generally accepted that the main factors of economic growth and development are intangible:
knowledge, human capital.
Theory of cluster development and interregional competition (1990s) Porter M.; Enright M.;
Cook F. main idea:
This economic theory introduces the term "cluster", which is defined as "a group of
geographically adjacent companies and their affiliated organizations, united in a certain field and
engaged in common activities that complement each other." A cluster-based approach to
increasing the competitiveness of the economic system is justified.
The concept of technological systems and innovative development (1980s) Glazyev S.Yu.; Perez
K.; Yakovets Y.V. main idea:
It reveals the essence of long-term technical and economic development based on the process of
successive replacement of technologically interconnected large production complexes
(technological systems). Technological systems determine the level of competitiveness of
products and implement a whole range of basic innovations. The concept justifies the transition
of modern long-term technical and economic development to the sixth technological system,
which will be an impetus for innovative development.
The concept of knowledge and technology transfer (late 1980s) Argot L., Ingram P.; Matkin D.;
Raisman A.; Grudzinsky A.O., Bednyy A.B.; Mindeli L.E., Kazantsev L.K.; Fonstein N. main
idea:
Describes the organizational processes and systems that ensure the transfer ("transfer") of the
created knowledge and technologies to socio-economic systems of various levels and types
(organizations, firms, enterprises, regional, national, global economic systems, etc.). Possibilities
of knowledge transfer are explored in the "State-Private Sector" system.
intellectual capital (mid-1990s) Edwinsson L.; Malone M. [146] The main idea:
The concept offers the economic justification of an intellectual organization, a firm based on the
formation of high-quality intellectual capital (creative product of human capital, intangible assets,
structural capital).
The concept of "triple spiral" (early XXI century) Itskovits G.; Leydesdorf L. Main idea:
It describes the inter-organizational interaction between three institutions (science (or HEIs) -
state-business) at each stage of creating an innovative product. Such interaction in a spiral
structure allows HEIs to adopt and apply some of each other's features.
The concept of "open innovation" (2003) Chesbro G., Christensen D., Olsen M., Hippel E,
Monastirnny EA, Grik Ya.N. main idea:
The effectiveness of innovative activity increases due to the growth of communication and
cooperation between all participants of the innovative process.
The concept of innovative university ( OTM ), ( 2000s ) Asaul A.N., Kaparov B.M., Vladimirov
A.I. main idea:
Conclusion.
The concept proposes and substantiates the need to develop educational activities,
scientific-technical (scientific-research, experimental-constructive, technological works)
activities, entrepreneurial activities as an innovative component in the list of activities of higher
education institutions, using the intellectual potential and innovative qualities of the environment
of students and teachers of higher education institutions.
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