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Analysis of task requirements during listening, activation of necessary listening
processes, relevant predicting, monitoring their understanding and evaluating the effectiveness of
their approach. Metacognitive knowledge is used to understand critical listening. It is very
important for the development of self-management education [4].
The process of listening comprehension includes speech perception, auditory memory,
speaking within, comparison, anticipation It includes such mechanisms as (pre-understanding),
logical understanding. The teacher plays the main role in learning, because he explains the tasks
to the students before doing the listening comprehension exercises. students' listening
comprehension skills are formed in the process of language learning. Listening Comprehension
skills are formed and developed due to necessary exercises in a foreign language.
It is important to guide the learners in the process of listening and perform the task of
listening properly provides possible knowledge, and it also encourages them to control their own
knowledge undertakes [5].
Thus, listening is an invisible mental process. Listening is an active skill and more attention
should be paid to the listening process in teaching. Modern in the development of listening
comprehension in a foreign language and learning using interactive technologies is one of the most
effective methods. In this process, they can watch videos and listen to audios using computers.
These technical tools make the process of pupils learning a foreign language by listening and
understanding more interesting and ensures that it is more effective.
REFERENCES:
1. Presidential Decree №5117 “On effective measures for the organization of stimulating the study
of foreign languages” dated on May 19, 2021.
2. Byrnes H. The Role of Listening Comprehension: A Theoretical Base. Foreign Language
Annals. 1984, 82p.
3. K.A. Krilova "Chet tili darslarida tinglashni o‘rgatish texnikasi. Ingliz tili darslarida tinglashni
o`rgatish metodikasi Ingliz tili darslarida tinglashni o`rgatish bosqichlari"
4. Wenden A. Metacognitive Knowledge and Language Learning. Applied Linguistics. 1998,
123p.
5. Kuatbayevich A. R. INDIVIDUAL TA’LIM TRAEKTORIYASINI AMALGA OSHIRISH
OLIY TA’LIM MUASSASALARIDA CHET TILLARINI O’QITISHNING SIFATINI
OSHIRISHNING USULI SIFATIDA //QUALITY OF TEACHER EDUCATION UNDER
MODERN CHALLENGES. – 2023. – Т. 1. – №. 1. – С. 1200-1205.
5. Vandergrift. L, Facilitating Second Language Listening Comprehension: Acquiring Successful
Strategies. ELT Journal. 1999, 98 p.
THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ELECTIVE COURSES IN TEACHING FOREIGN
LANGUAGES
Abatov Ruslan Kuatbayevich,
PhD student of Nukus state pedagogical institute
The educational system of our country is developing year by year. On the basis of these
developments, we can point to the presidential decrees and the newly adopted law on education
[1]. Introduction of digital technologies and modern teaching methods to higher education
processes in the "Concept of the development of the higher education system of the Republic of
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Uzbekistan until 2030" approved by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No.
PF-5847 of October 8, 2019, young people wide involvement in scientific activities, combating
corruption, increasing the share of students studying in engineering and technical education,
introducing the credit-module system, increasing the share of practical training in specialized
subjects aimed at increasing practical skills in curricula specific tasks for improvement are defined
[2]. On the basis of the tasks specified in these decrees, the credit-module system of teaching in
higher education institutions of our country was gradually introduced. Certainly, since this is a
new system, a deep study of the new features of the system is required. In our research, we are
working on the formation of the educational trajectory of students, and in this article, we want to
describe the elective courses in the curriculum.
Elective courses play a crucial role in shaping a well-rounded educator, particularly in the
context of teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL). These specialized courses offer
opportunities for teachers to deepen their understanding of various aspects of language instruction
and related fields. Here's how elective courses contribute to shaping a well-rounded TEFL
educator:
1. Diversification of language skills:
- Elective courses enable TEFL educators to enhance their proficiency in English, exploring
nuances, idiomatic expressions, and advanced language structures. This linguistic diversity equips
them to address a broad spectrum of language challenges in the classroom.
2. Cultural competence and global perspectives:
- Elective courses often include modules on cross-cultural communication and literature,
fostering cultural competence. This knowledge allows TEFL educators to bring global
perspectives into their lessons, promoting a more inclusive and enriching language learning
experience.
3. Specialized Methodologies and Pedagogies:
- Elective courses tailored to TEFL cover specialized teaching methodologies and
pedagogies. This includes techniques for teaching grammar, pronunciation, and vocabulary
effectively, as well as incorporating technology into language instruction.
4. Literacy and literature exploration:
- Some elective courses delve into the study of literature and literacy strategies, equipping
TEFL educators with tools to inspire a love for reading and critical thinking among language
learners.
5. Professional development opportunities:
- By engaging in elective courses, TEFL educators can stay updated on the latest trends
and innovations in language teaching. This continuous professional development ensures they
remain adaptable and effective in their teaching methods.
6. Tailoring instruction to diverse learners:
- Elective courses often address strategies for teaching English to learners with diverse
backgrounds, learning styles, and proficiency levels. This knowledge empowers TEFL educators
to tailor their instruction to meet the unique needs of each student.
In essence, elective courses provide TEFL educators with a comprehensive toolkit,
encompassing linguistic proficiency, cultural awareness, and specialized teaching methodologies.
This holistic approach not only enriches their own professional growth but also significantly
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enhances the learning experience for students in the diverse landscape of English as a foreign
language education.
Elective courses in a teacher's academic journey refer to additional, specialized classes that
educators can choose based on their interests and professional goals, supplementing the core
curriculum. Unlike mandatory courses, electives offer flexibility, allowing teachers to personalize
their academic path. These courses often cover specialized topics, such as advanced pedagogical
methods or emerging trends in education, providing opportunities for exploration beyond the
standard curriculum. One of the key roles of elective courses is to facilitate ongoing professional
development. Teachers can stay updated on new teaching methodologies, educational
technologies, and research findings, enhancing their effectiveness in the classroom. Electives also
enable educators to diversify their skill set beyond essential competencies, fostering versatility in
instructional approaches. Also, elective courses help address unique educational goals that
teachers may have, allowing them to align their academic pursuits with specific interests or areas
of specialization. For those with particular teaching roles or subject areas, electives provide a
means to stay current and relevant in their field.
The selection of courses by students in higher education is a significant decision and presents
a notable challenge. Typically, students weigh two primary factors when making their choices:
satisfaction with the course and grades, and their awareness of their learning abilities. [4] The
consideration of course and grade satisfaction, along with awareness of learning abilities, is indeed
crucial for students in higher education.
Engaging in elective courses is more than a professional obligation; it stimulates a mindset
of lifelong learning. It encourages teachers to explore new ideas, remain curious, and continuously
seek ways to improve their teaching practices throughout their careers. By empowering teachers
to take control of their academic development, elective courses contribute not only to individual
enrichment but also to the overall innovation within the education sector.
In teacher education programs, the distinction between elective courses and the core
curriculum is vital for understanding the comprehensive development of educators. Core
curriculum typically encompasses the fundamental and mandatory courses essential for all teacher
candidates. These courses provide a baseline of knowledge and skills necessary for effective
teaching, covering areas such as educational theory, classroom management, and pedagogical
techniques. [3]
On the other hand, elective courses offer teachers the opportunity to personalize their
academic journey. Unlike core courses, electives are optional and allow educators to delve into
specific areas of interest or specialization. These courses can cover a diverse range of topics,
including advanced teaching methods, specialized content areas, or emerging educational trends.
Electives provide flexibility, enabling teachers to tailor their education to align with their unique
professional goals, teaching preferences, or subject specializations. While core curriculum ensures
a standardized foundation for all educators, elective courses contribute to the individualization and
enrichment of their academic experience. This combination of core and elective components
creates a well-rounded teacher education program, striking a balance between essential knowledge
and the flexibility to explore specialized areas that align with each teacher's aspirations and
teaching context.
In conclusion, the significance of elective courses in the realm of teacher education,
particularly in the context of teaching foreign languages, cannot be overstated. The emphasis on
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teacher personal development as a lifelong learning journey underscores the pivotal role educators
play in shaping the quality of education students receive. Investing in opportunities for personal
development is akin to investing in a robust and effective education system, creating a positive
and dynamic classroom environment. People who are specializing in teaching English as a foreign
language (TEFL), elective courses emerge as key contributors to the formation of a well-rounded
educator. These courses not only enhance language proficiency but also delve into cross-cultural
communication, specialized pedagogies, literature exploration, and strategies for diverse learners.
The comprehensive toolkit acquired through elective courses enriches the professional growth of
TEFL educators and significantly elevates the learning experience for students in the diverse
landscape of language education.
REFERENCES:
1. O‘zbekiston Respublikasining 2020 yil 23 sentabrda qabul qilingan “Ta’lim to‘g‘risida”gi
O‘RQ-637-sonli Qonuni.
2. O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining 2019 yil 8 oktabr “O‘zbekiston Respublikasi oliy
ta’lim tizimini 2030 yilgacha rivojlantirish konsepsiyasini tasdiqlash to‘g‘risida”gi PF-5847-sonli
Farmoni.
3. Beerkens-Soo, M., & Vossensteyn, H. (2009). Higher education issues and trends from an
international perspective. Netherlands: Centre for higher education policy studies.
4. Sabot, R. and Wakeman-Linn, J. (1991) Grade Inflation and Course Choice. The Journal of
Economic Perspectives, 5,159-170.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/jep.5.1.159
5. Ting, D. H., & Lee, Ch. K. Ch. (2012). Understanding Students’ Choice of Electives and Its
Implications. Studies in Higher Education, 37 (3), 309-325.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0307507
6.
Kuatbayevich A. R. INDIVIDUAL TA’LIM TRAEKTORIYASINI AMALGA OSHIRISH
OLIY TA’LIM MUASSASALARIDA CHET TILLARINI O’QITISHNING SIFATINI
OSHIRISHNING USULI SIFATIDA //QUALITY OF TEACHER EDUCATION UNDER
MODERN CHALLENGES. – 2023. – Т. 1. – №. 1. – С. 1200-1205.
7. Kalbaevna, K. Z. (2022). INTEGRATED EDUCATION AS A MEANS OF DEVELOPING
SOCIAL-PEDAGOGICAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE TEACHERS. International Journal of
Early Childhood Special Education, 14(7).
8. Abatov A., Yuldashov N. Grammatical categories of the English noun and their expressing in
the sentence //Journal of Universal Science Research. – 2023. – Т. 1. – №. 4. – С. 532-537.
CUMULATIVE SENTENCES TO IMPROVE WRITING SKILLS
Ahmadalieva Dilrabo,
Andijan State Institute of Foreign Languages
Annotation:
The article discusses some difficulties encountered in teaching and learning
writing. Writing is challenging for many students, and it requires a good understanding of
sentence structure and often calls for extensive research to express ideas effectively. The paper
proposes some writing activities that focus on cumulative sentences to help students become more
aware of descriptive sentences.
Key words:
base proposition, simple sentences, cumulative sentence,
a phrase,
independent clause.
