RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR DAVRIDA TARJIMASHUNOSLIK VA LINGVISTIKA: ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR TADQIQI” nomli ilmiy
maqolalar to‘plami May – 2024
192
O’ZBEK O‘QUVCHILARIGA INGLIZ TILIDAGI
BOG'LOVCHI MAVZUSININGGRAMMATIK
XUSUSIYATLARINI O’RGATISHDA TURLI
METODLARDAN FOYDALANISH
Abrorova Farizabonu Aslam qizi
Samarqand davlat chet tillari instituti talabasi
Annotatsiya —
ushbu maqolada ingliz tilidagi bog'lovchi turlari mavzusi haqida so'z borgan. Shu bilan bir qatorda ushbu
mavzuning grammatik xususiyatlarni o’rgatish uchun turli metodlardan foydalanish yoritib berilgan.
Kalit so‘zlar
— bog’lovchi turlari, metodika, o’qitish metodlari va mashqlar.
USING DIFFERENT METHODS FOR TEACHING
GRAMMATICAL FEATURES OF ENGLISH
CONJUCTION TO UZBEK STUDENTS
Abrorova Farizabonu Aslam qizi
Student of
Samarkand State Institute of Foreign Languages
Abstract —
This article deals with the topic of types of conjunctions in English. In addition, the use of different methods
for teaching grammatical features of this topic is highlighted.
Keywords —
types of conjunctions, methodology, teaching methods and exercises.
KIRISH
Like other national literatures, American literature was shaped by the history of the country that produced it. For almost a century
and a half, America was merely a group of colonies scattered along the eastern seaboard of the North American continent--colonies
from which a few hardy souls tentatively ventured westward. After a successful rebellion against the motherland, America became
the United States, a nation. By the end of the 19th century this nation extended southward to the Gulf of Mexico, northward to the
49th parallel, and westward to the Pacific. By the end of the 19th century, too, it had taken its place among the powers of the
world-its fortunes so interrelated with those of other nations that inevitably it became involved in two world wars and, following
these conflicts, with the problems of Europe and East Asia. Meanwhile, the rise of science and industry, as well as changes in ways
of thinking and feeling, wrought many modifications in people's lives. All these factors in the development of the United States
molded the literature of the country.
A
SOSIY
QISM
O’quvchilarga bog’lovchi mavzusini aniq va teran yoritib berish uchun turli metodlardan foydalaniladi. Ushbu
maqolada eng zamonaviy va ishonchli metodlar haqida so’z yuritiladi.
.1. Interaktiv hikoyalar:
- Bog’lovchilarning gapdagi vazifasini tasvirlash uchun hikoya qilish uslubidan foydalanish eng samarali o’qitish
metodlaridan biri hisoblanadi. O‘quvchilarni qo‘shma gaplarga boy hikoyalar yaratishga jalb qilish hamda turli
hikoyalardagi bog’lovchi vazifasini tahlil qilishga undash bilan bog‘lovchi mavzusini to’liq yoritib berish mumkin.
When they told him about Charlie’s letter, his eyes filled with
tears, although that might have been because Norbert had just bitten him on the leg. Ushbu misolda when -payt ergash gap
bog’lovchi vazifasini bajarganini ko’rishimiz mumkin.
RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR DAVRIDA TARJIMASHUNOSLIK VA LINGVISTIKA: ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR TADQIQI” nomli ilmiy
maqolalar to‘plami May – 2024
193
Harry was used to spiders, because the cupboard under the stairs was full of them, and that was where he slept.
Ushbu gapda esa because- sabab- natija bog’lovchi vazifasini bajargani yaqqol ifodalangan.
2. Vizual ong xaritasi:
- Bog’lanishlar yordamida osonlashtirilgan munosabatlarni ko’rsatish uchun vizual ong xaritalaridan foydalanish va
ko‘rgazmali qurollardan darsda faol foydalanish o‘quvchilarga ushbu mavzuni tushunib olish jarayonini sezilarli darajada
yengillashtirib beradi.
3.Hamkorlik tarkibi:
- O‘quvchilarni juftlik yoki guruh bo‘lib bog‘lovchiga boy kompozitsiyalar yaratish uchun hamkorlikda ishlashga undash
juda foydali usullari biri bo’lib, u o’quvchiga ham bog’lovchi mavzusini to’liq tushunib olishga ha mda jamoada ishlash
ko’nikmalarini ham shakllantirishda yordam beradi.
4. Interaktiv o’yinlar:
- Bog’lovchilarni tushunishni mustahkamlash uchun grammatikaga asoslangan stol o’yinlari yoki raqamli viktorinalardan
amaliyotga tadbiq qilish eng so’nggi o‘qitish usuli hisoblanadi. Bu yo’l orqali o‘quvchilarni bog’lovchi mavzusiga
qiziqtirish va ushbu mavzu haqidagi tushunarsizliklarga barham berish mumkin.
Bog’lovchilar ikkita gap yoki 2 ta so'zni bog'lab keluvchi so'zlar hisoblanadi. Ular quyidagi guruhlarga b o‘linadi:
1. Time conjunctions (Payt ergash gap bog’lovchilari)
2.
Parallel conjunctions ( Teng bog’lovchilar)
3.
Cause-Effect conjunctions ( Sabab-natija bog’lovchilari)
4.
Contrast Conjunctions ( Zidlov bog’lovchilari)
5.
Direct- contrast conjunctions ( Taqqoslovchi bog’lovchilar)
6.
Conditional conjunctions ( Shart ergash gap bog’lovchilari)
1.
TIME CONJUNCTIONS (PAYT ERGASH GAP BOG'LOVCHILARI)
lsh-harakatning paytini ifodalovchi bog'lovchilarga "time conjunction " deyiladi. Bu kabi bog‘lovchilar odatda ergashgan
qo‘shma gap hosil qiladi. Ya'ni bir qism asosiy qism (asosiy ma'no beruvchi qism), ikkinchisi ergash qism(bog'lovchi
qatnashgan qism) bo'ladi.
"Time conjunctions "ga when, before, after, while, as soon as, until/till, since, as long as va shu kabi bog'lovchilar k iradi.
Ergash qism va bosh qism o'rni almashinib ham kelishi mumkin.
Masalan:
I
shall
visit
to
the
London
museum
when
I
go
to
Paris
next
year.
While I was sleeping, my mum was cooking a meal.
PARALLEL CONJUNCTIONS (TENG BOG'LOVCHILAR) Teng bog'lovchilar 2 ta so'z yoki 2 ta gapni teng
bog'laydi. Agarda ular 2 ta so'zni bog‘lasa, ikkala tarafdagi so'zlar bir xil so‘z turkumi bo'lishi shart. Agarda ular 2 ta g apni
bo'glasa ikkala tarafdagi zamon istalgan zamonda bo'lishi mumkin. Zamon moslashuvi bo'lishi shart emas. Chunki ular
teng, bir-biriga ergashgan emas. Teng bog'lovchilarga "and", "as well as", "or", "both...and...", va shu kabi bog'lovchilar
kiradi.
Masalan:
I was tired and hungry.
Both my sister and my brother are here now.
CAUSE-EFFECT CONJUNCTIONS (SABAB-NATIJA BOG'LOVCHILARI) "Because (of)" "for" "owing to", "since",
"as" kabi bog'lovchilar kiradi. Sabab-natija bog‘lovchilari biror bir ish-harakatni nima sababdan sodir bo'lganligini,
shuningdek, biror bir ish-harakatning sodir bo‘lishi natijasida nimalar sodir bo'lishini aytganda ishlatiladi.
Masalan:
Because
of
you
have
shouted
at
her
,
Linda
is
angry
with
you
now.
It was hot. Therefore, I opened the window.
CONTRAST CONTUNCTION (ZIDLOV BOG'LOVCHI) "But", "except (for)" "though" "although", "stil l", "yet" va shu
kabi bog'lovchilar kiradi. Zidlov boglovchilari 2 ta so'zni yoki gapni bir -biriga zid ma'noda bog'laydi.
Masalan:
Even
though
it
rained
a
lot,
we
enjoyed
the
party.
Tom studied hard last year. Nevertheless he could not pass his exam.
DIRECT CONTRAST CONJUNCTION (TAQQOSLOVCHI BOG'LOVCHILAR) "While" "whereas" va shu kabi
bog'lovchilar kiradi. Taqqoslovchi bog'lovchilar ikkita inson,narsa, hayvon yoki joy nomlarini bir -biri bilan taqqoslaganda
qo'llaniladi.
Masalan: While Tom is stupid, John is very clever.
Mary is rich,however, John is poor.
CONDITIONAL
CONJUNCTIONS
(SHART
ERGASH
GAP
BOG‘LOVCHILARI)
"If" "unless", "in case" ,"as if", "as though", "whether ... or not" ,"even if", "if only ", "as long as" kabilar kiradi. Ular
biror bir ish-harakat sodir bo'lishining shartini bildiradi. Bu vaziyatda bog'lovchili qismida will/shall, would/should
ishlatilmaydi.
RAQAMLI TEXNOLOGIYALAR DAVRIDA TARJIMASHUNOSLIK VA LINGVISTIKA: ZAMONAVIY YONDASHUVLAR TADQIQI” nomli ilmiy
maqolalar to‘plami May – 2024
194
Masalan: If you do not hurry, you will miss your bus.
Give me your dictionary unless you use it.
Barcha bog’lovchilar so‘zlarni va gaplarni mazmunan bog‘lashda asosiy qurol hisoblanadi. Bog‘lovchilarni hamma yerda
mavjud. Ularni biz hikoyalarda, og‘zaki nutqimizda va boshqa manbalarda ko‘rishimiz mumkin. Ular bizga hikoyalarni
so‘zlab berishda va qanchalik g‘oyalar bir-biriga bog‘langanligini ko‘rsatishda ishlatiladi. Ular yordamida biz fikrimizni
atrofdagilarga aniq va ravshan holda ifodalab beramiz. Ushbu mavzuni o‘qitish jarayonida turli o'yinlar va hikoyalardan
foydalanish ushbu jarayonni qiziqarli va samarli qilishda muhim rol o 'ynaydi.
XULOSA
Bog’lovchilar, aniq va mantiqiy gapni yaratishda ahamiyatga ega. Ular so'zlarni birlashtirishdan ko'ra, ideyalarni mantiqan
bog'lashda yordam beradilar. Bog‘lovchilarni to‘g‘ri usulda qo‘llash orqali qiziqarliroq va tushunarliroq nutq yarat ishimiz
mumkin. Bog‘lovchilar haqida bilish ularni amaliyotda foydalanishda yordam bermaydi, balki ulardan qanday
foydalanishni bilish bizga har jihatda yordam bera oladi. Bog‘lovchilarni tushunish orqali, til ko'nikmalarimizni
yaxshilash, yozish yoki gapirishimizni har xil holatlarda ta'sirli va mazmunli qilish imkoniyati yaratiladi.
FOYDALANILGAN
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