Construction and Building Technology

The article analyzes aspects of the impact of high rise buildings on the urban environment. In connection with the gradual embrace by urban planners of the typology of high-rise development, the relevance of the study is dictated by the current situation of massive filling of urban space with multi-story buildings, which obliges us to take into account modern objective data on the impact of the residential high-rise environment on the city and its territory. The purpose of the study is to systematize and analyze current provisions on the impact of high-rise buildings on the urban environment.

Education has a tremendous impact on an individual's mental and financial development since it enables them to make a meaningful contribution to society. Female education becomes more crucial in these circumstances. The study was a quantitative and survey-based research project. Master's degree students enrolled at Allama Iqbal Open University (AIOU) from the spring semester of 2018 to the spring semester of 2019; all AIOU postgraduate teacher education program tutors; academicians in distance education and formal education: and all AIOU students were included in this study. Due to a shortage of funding and the study's length and breadth, only four locations were able to be studied. Each area was given 75 students from 300 students in related programs. To get a random sample of 100 instructors, 25 were selected from each location. Researchers used questionnaires as data collection tools. The data were analyzed using SPSS. The findings demonstrate that women who live in rural areas have profited from online education.

This article considers the problem of observing the boundaries of a land plot and private housing construction during its construction. In particular, compliance with red lines and other lines of urban planning regulation when placing residential and other buildings on the site. The article discusses the composition of the documents of the project of detailed planning of the city, compiled by the scale: 1:2000 project of red lines defining the boundaries between built-up neighborhoods and driveways with sidewalks and lawns. As a result of comparing the coordinates, design and executive, a conclusion is made about the accuracy of the transfer.

Ushbu maqolada shahar markazlarining rejaviy echimini larini shakllantirish va yurtimizdagi shahar markazlari to’g’risida so’z yuritilgan. Bundan tashqari markazlarining rejaviy echimini hayotimizda qay darajada roll mavjud ekanligini ham ko’rishimiz mumkin.

The aim of the of research work is the creation of effective wash liquid on the basis of the fibrous polymer to eliminate complications during drilling.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as following:
developed an effective composition and technology of producing drilling fluids to combat the complications during the drilling of oil and gas wells on the basis of local raw materials, which is efficient and accessible;
defined area and the contour of the deposition of cuttings particles and the equations of the speed of deposition of the rock particles on the basis of rheological properties of drilling fluid;
defined physico-chemical bases of creation of stable drilling fluids using composite polymeric reagents of definite composition and structure, based on the corrosive environment, providing drilling oil and gas wells in complicated geological-technical conditions without complications;
proven structure formation drilling fluids with improved technical and operational characteristics of polymeric reagents, as well as the critical flow velocity the motion of a viscoelastic fluid in the drill pipe and the annular space;
improved standard technical fundamentals of drilling fluids on the basis of new polymeric reagents, which allow to realize a successful transaction wells in the fields in difficult geological conditions of Ustyurt and Bukhara oil and gas fields.

In this article, the costs of road pavement repair using modern construction materials widely used in the world experience and the costs of conventional repair are compared.

The use of superplasticizers in new generation concretes, which have a water-reducing effect and further accelerate the hardening of the mixture at subzero temperatures.

Yer po'sti hosil bulgan vaqtidan boshlab uzluksiz harakat qilib turadi. Yer po'stining yoki uning ayrim qismlarining hamma tabiiy harakatlari tektonik harakatlar deb ataladi.
Tektonik harakatlar aksariyat juda uzoq vaqt va sekin sodir boMganliklari uchun ularni bevosita o'rganish imkoniyati mavjud emas.
Tektonik harakatlar uzaro bog‘lik bo‘lgan quyidagi turlarga bo'linadi

The paper considers interlayer shifts of combined two-layer cylindrical shells made of composite layers differing in thickness and physical and mechanical properties, and also investigates the effect of stress-strain state of such shells on their strength and deformability.

In this article was studied the physical and mechanical properties of concrete with superplasticizers of Sika Retarder, as well as the results of laboratory studies were given in the form of the table and graphs.

Ушбу изланишда ички ва ташқи қатламлари композит материаллар билан ўралган ўртасида металл қатламли цилиндрсимон қобиқларнинг узоққа чидамлилиги ва мустаҳкамлиги кўриб чиқилган. Металл қувурлар маьлумки, кислота, ишқор каби агрессив мухитларга чидамсиз бўлади яьни коррозияга учраш натижасида ўзининг мустаҳкамлигини ва узоққа чидамлилигини йўқотади. Металл труба (қувурларнинг) юк кўтариш қобилятлари компазит қувурларникига нисбатан бир неча баровар катта бўлади. Агар юк кўтарувчи қатлам сифатида металл қувирларни танласак ва уларни ички , ташқи қатламларини агрессив муҳитга чидамлик композит материаллар билан ўраб чиқсак, коррозияга чидамлилик ҳам агрессив муҳитларга бардош берадиган ҳамда ташқи динамик ва статик юкларни бемалол кўтарувчи мустаҳкам ва узоққа чидамли резервуарлар ва қувирларни ҳосил қилишимиз мумкин. Бундай цилиндрсимон комбинацяланган уч қатламли қобиқларни мустаҳкамлигини ва устиворлигини ҳисоблашда ҳам анизотроп материалларни ҳамда изотроп материал сифатида металл (пўлат) қобиқларнинг физик-механик хоссаларини ҳисобга олишга тўғри келади.

The aim of research work is working out scientific proposals and practical recommendations on developing entrepreneurial activities and improving statistical method based analysis of the factors having an impact on the basic trends of entrepreneurial activities.
Scientific novelty of the research work is as follows:
to assess the state and dynamics of socio-economic development of regional entities of the economy, the methods of «active entrepreneurship ratio», «avaragc square deviation» and «variaion coefficient» have been proposed;
to identify the level and the trend of development of sectors and branches of the economy and administrative regions, the methods of «average development level of regions» and «assessment of proportions between branches and sectors» have been developed;
in order to assess the outcomes of complex programmes of economic development of regions with an accurate illustration of statistical indicators, the methods of «vital capacity ratio of entrepreneurial entities», «relative indicators of export-import prices of goods» have been proposed;
multivariate forecast on perspective socio-economic development of the regional entrepreneurship in Tashkent region has been developed.

The article notes that the main scientific and technical policy in the field of energy efficiency of buildings and structures is to create a scientifically sound regulatory and methodological framework for their design and construction. Data on the next stage of its improvement and increase of scientific and technical level are given.

Current available methods of seismic in this article the insulation of construction structures is considered, a critical analysis of which is carried out. The mechanism was developed in the construction of a seismic insulation Foundation based on ftoroplast, the disadvantages of similar seismic insulation systems prior to elimination. It is possible to move the building in the amount of displacement of the base during the seismic insulation to maintain the spatial rigidity, the structure of the earthquake. The introduction of a seismic isolation mechanism into the foundation structure is shown allows you to reduce stresses in construction structures. It is proposed to introduce a seismic insulation mechanism into the foundation structure, which will reduce the likelihood of collapse of the structure, which will ensure the safety of human life and expensive equipment, and expensive prevent structural restoration measures, as well as reduce the consumption of reinforcement, recommendations have been made to make the construction of the building more economical.

Мақолада кўп қаватли турар-жой биноларини сейсмик мустаҳкам қилиб лойиҳалашда амалга оширилши лозим бўлган чора-тадбирлар тўғрисида ва Ўзбекистон шароитида лойиҳаланадиган турар-жой биноларининг зилзилабардошлилигини ва сейсмик хавфсизлигини таъминлаш ечимлари келтирилган.

This article talks about low water requiring cements, which is practiced in scientific laboratories of leading scientific centers and higher educational institutions engaged in the research of mineral binders and materials based on them in the world, reducing the release of carbon dioxide gas into the environment during cement production, the use of local raw materials and industrial waste in cement production, chemical additives and mechanical a lot of scientific and research work is being carried out on the effective use of activation. In this regard, it is important to develop optimal compositions of energy-efficient building materials, low-water demanding binders that allow the economy of Portland cement clinker in cement production, using local raw materials and man-made waste, as well as surfactants, in the scientific research conducted in this regard.

The aim of the research work is increase the seismic resistance of the many-storied adjacent buildings in various structural systems with connecting the developed construction of the damper device, as well as expanding their area.
Scientific novelty of the research work consists in the following: a new damper device for connecting adjacent buildings was developed and created, which is a damper of seismic vibrations; the model describing the oscillations of the buildings under seismic influences has been improved, with reference to adjacent buildings, taking into account the properties of the interaction of the foundations with the ground base; a method for determining the rational parameters of a seismic protection damper; a method (principle) of connecting adjacent buildings with the help of a damper device is proposed; a technique for experimental research using the set of measuring instruments by DYTRAN (USA) was developed; established the regularity (rational places) of the connection of the damper device and substantiates the effectiveness of its application.

It is shown that the earthquake resistance of buildings during construction in difficult ground conditions has a number of features. Traditional seismic isolation systems are used without regard to the properties of weak soils and do not consider these features. New, effective design solutions are proposed that meet the requirements of improving earthquake resistance and construction in difficult ground conditions.

The aim of the research is to improve methods of determining resource spans of highway bridges considering the effects of corrosion of concrete and reinforcement.
The scientific novelty of the dissertation research is the following: the developed method of quantitative evaluation of salt corrosion of concrete; developed methods for determining the load capacity of spans subject to salt corrosion of concrete and reinforcement; assessment of the degree of salt corrosion of concrete and reinforcement is improved on the basis of the theory of linear damage accumulation; designed according to the description of the corrosion process in concrete and reinforcement over time; developed methods of calculation of residual resource of the exploited reinforced concrete superstructures of highway bridges.

Taking into account the location of industrial areas near water bodies and historical areas of the city,
their negative impact on the areas close to them complicates the processes of improving the ecological and urban planning conditions of the urban environment. The impact of the industrial area on the environment of neighboring areas upsets the balance of interdependence with nature

Odatda qurilish sanoati konservativ sanaladi: qo'l mehnati ko'p, qog'ozbozlik, yuqori texnologiyalar sekin va ko'pincha xoxishsiz joriy etiladi. Lekin bugungu kunda har qanday sohada raqamlashtirish zamon talabi hisoblanadi.Qurilish sanoatida IT texnologiyalaridan foydalanish qurilish kompaniyalari mablag‘larini qanday tejashini, mehnat xavfsizligini yaxshilashni va mijozlar bilan ishlashni yangi bosqichga ko‘tarishini ko‘rib turibmiz. Ushbu maqolada qurilish sohasida qo’llanilayotgan IT texnologiyalarini ayrimlari to’g’risida ma’lumotlar keltiramiz.

Mazkur maqolada bugungi kunda qurilish sanoati korxonalarida boshqaruvning tashkiliy-iqtisodiy mexanizmlarini takomillashtirish, qurilish sanoati bozorining rivojlanish xususiyatlarining ilmiy - nazariy asoslanishi bo`yicha taklif va tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan

Ushbu maqolada qorishmalar tarkibidagi mayda zarrachalar haqida yoritilgan. Mahalliy chiqindisi asosidagi lego g‘ishtnning issiqlik o‘tkazuvchanlik koeffitsientlari bayon etilgan

Qurilish korxonalarida raqamli iqtisodiyotning zaruriyati, uning foydali jihatlari va amaliyotga tatbiq etish yo‘nalishlari muhokama qilinadi.

Konchilik korxonalarida burg’ilash jarayonlarini amalga oshirishda yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo’lgan avariya holatlarining kelib chiqish sabablari va avariya holatlarini bartaraf etish haqidagi asosiy ma’lumotlar keltirib o’tilgan. Shuningdek, hozirgi kunga kelib burg’ilanayotgan quduqlarda avariya holatini bartaraf etishning zamonaviy texnik usullari va avariya holatining burg’ilash samaradorligiga ta’siri haqida ma’lumotlar berilgan.