MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
89
WAYS TO ENSURING, FORMING AND MAINTAINING A STABLE
MORAL AND MENTAL STATE OF MILITARY PERSONNEL WHEN
PROTECTING SPECIAL OBJECTS
Miraxmedov A.R.
Independent researcher at the Academy of the
Armed Forces of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14744437
Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada toifalangan maxsus obyektlarni qo‘riqlashga
jalb etiladiga harbiy xizmatchilarning barqaror axloqiy – ruhiy holatini
shakllantirish, ushlab turish va qayta tiklashni ta’minlash yo‘llari haqida
tavsiyalar
etiladi.
Kalit so‘zlar:
O‘ta muhim obyekt, toifalangan obyekt, axloqiy – ruhiy holat,
axloqiy-ruhiy omil, xavf-xatar, to‘satdanlik, ekologik-ergonomik, psixologik,
psixofiziologik va “adapter”(moslashtiruvchi).
Аннотация:
В статье даны рекомендации по обеспечению
формирования, поддержания и восстановления устойчивого морально-
духовного состояния военнослужащих, привлекаемых к охране режимных
специальных объектов.
Ключевые слова:
Критический объект, категоризированный объект,
морально-духовное состояние, морально-духовный фактор, опасность,
внезапность,
эколого-эргономический,
психологический,
психофизиологический и «адаптер» (адаптер).
Abstract:
This article provides recommendations on ways to ensure the
formation, maintenance, and restoration of a stable moral and spiritual state of
military personnel involved in the protection of classified special facilities.
Keywords:
Critical object, categorized object, moral-spiritual state, moral-
spiritual factor, risk, suddenness, ecological-ergonomic, psychological,
psychophysiological and "adapter" (adapter).
In the current era of military-political situation, armed conflicts between
states, and the increasing subversive activities of terrorist organizations and
religious radicalism, ensuring the stability of the moral and spiritual state of
military personnel has become one of the most urgent issues in society. In
particular, during global conflicts such as the Russian-Ukrainian and Palestinian-
Israeli wars, the psychological and spiritual readiness of military personnel
directly affects their activities. These complex and long-lasting wars put great
pressure on the mental state of military personnel, as they are faced with
constant dangers, psychological and physical stress, as well as moral dilemmas.
MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
90
In wars, especially in direct combat conditions, how soldiers behave, what
moral decisions they make, and how they perform their duties depend, first of
all, on their mental state. A stable moral and mental state allows military
personnel to be resilient to risks, make quick and clear decisions, and adhere to
the principles of humanity. This also emphasizes the need for the formation of a
strong social and psychological support system for them.
The duties and responsibilities of military personnel in the protection of
special facilities have always been at a high level. In particular, any changes in
the security of special facilities and the direction of threats to them are an
extremely important part of military service. The moral and psychological state
of military personnel is of paramount importance in this regard. In most cases,
military personnel are required to have the highest level of professionalism, and
their strong mental state, stability in decision-making, and adherence to positive
moral standards are important factors. The moral and psychological state
ensures the activity of military personnel, their endurance, accuracy in decision-
making, and most importantly, their effectiveness in protecting special facilities.
The basis of the moral and spiritual state of military personnel is the moral
and spiritual factor. The moral and spiritual factor is the most important and
integral part of the combat capability and combat readiness of military
personnel, expressing their readiness and ability to mobilize all their resources
to effectively perform combat and service tasks.
The content of the moral and spiritual factor of the personal composition is
made up of:
- a complex of historical, philosophical, political, legal, religious and other
knowledge, ideas and views;
- attitude to the nature and purpose of military operations, military activity;
- direction and level of moral and spiritual state.
Moral and spiritual state is an indicator of the moral and spiritual readiness
of military personnel to successfully perform the combat and service tasks
assigned to them in any situation with minimal psychogenic losses.
The level of moral and spiritual state is determined by the sum of a number
of factors and conditions:
orientation of military activity: requirements, interests, views and beliefs;
the attitude of military personnel to the military-political situation in the
region, to events in their country and in their own troops;
the tasks assigned to military personnel and the specifics of their service
activities;
MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
91
the socio-psychological environment in military teams and at guarded
facilities;
individual psychological characteristics of military personnel;
the level of military-professional, psychological-pedagogical training of
commanders, the level of decisions they make.
The role of these factors and conditions in maintaining and maintaining a
stable and high moral and spiritual state of military personnel is incomparable,
and if sufficient conditions are not created for them and their personal
characteristics, interests and worldview are not taken into account, the
possibility of achieving this will decrease.
The forces and means used in armed conflicts between states in the world
today, their methods, the extreme nature of the combat situation and other
factors have a serious impact on the moral and spiritual state of military
personnel. The factors and conditions of extreme, difficult and complex combat
situations that affect their moral and spiritual state include:
risk - the perception of the combat situation by the military personnel as a
threat to their health and life;
suddenness - a sudden change in the combat or information situation for a
military personnel during the performance of a combat mission;
uncertainty - the lack or contradiction of information about the
characteristics of the enemy's actions and the extreme situation;
novelty - the presence of components that previously seemed unfamiliar to
the serviceman in the conditions of performing a combat mission;
time constraints - the short time to understand and perform a combat
mission;
intensity of actions - requiring involuntary skillful actions from the
serviceman and coordinated actions from the crew, account, section, group and
other military teams.
Also, the moral and spiritual state of servicemen is influenced by ecological-
ergonomic, psychological, psychophysiological and combat factors:
Ecological-ergonomic factors (laws of adaptation of the force to nature) -
are reflected in the specifics of the conditions of external influences (natural-
geographic, climatic heat, cold, humidity, various unfavorable climates and
microclimates), the regime of combat activity (duration, order, frequent
repulsion of collisions with the enemy), movement in isolation from the main
forces, etc.
MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
92
They determine the degree of activation of the psyche of military personnel
in the process of performing combat missions. Familiar conditions and habitual
activity, well-mastered methods of combat operations allow military personnel
to move on the battlefield mainly using the subconscious (with models,
automatism, skills, skills, consolidated in the subconscious), with minimal
involvement of consciousness and emotions. And vice versa, unfamiliar
conditions and unmastered methods of combat activity lead to the need for
constant activation of consciousness, the emergence of negative emotional
distress and mental experiences, which reduces the effectiveness of the military
personnel's movements;
The influence of psychological factors on maintaining the moral and
spiritual state of military personnel and keeping it high has also been proven in
the modern era. The most serious losses in the troops are psychological losses.
Especially in factories and factories, the fact that danger can enter at any time
and in any way, and the sharp limitation of information about its exact time and
methods, causes stressful situations in military personnel. Psychological factors
- in the system of psychological factors of military personnel's combat activity, it
is possible to distinguish primary (first) and secondary factors.
Primary (first) psychological factors are a phenomenon that plays a unique
"adapter" role, changing the meaning and content and strength of combat,
ecological-ergonomic, social, physiological and secondary psychological factors
in the combat behavior of military personnel.
The initial (first) psychological factors include psychological readiness for
combat and psychological tolerance to combat stress factors, which include
knowledge at various levels, combat motives, emotional-volitional mood,
combat skills of fighters, the dominance of coping strategies (behavior of a
person to combat stress) in extreme situations, and the ability of military
personnel to self-psychological regulation.
The nature of the impact of a military personnel on the following secondary
psychological factors depends on the state of his psychological readiness and
tolerance:
Emotional, i.e., a sense of danger, guilt for participating in the use of
merciless force, responsibility for the results of his activities, concern for his
wounds, grief, the death and injury of his comrades;
the presence of information problems, i.e. novelty, unknown situation,
unpredictability, sudden occurrence of combat events, abundance, scarcity and
error of information.
MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
93
Psychophysiological factors are conditions that affect the combat activity of
military personnel - combat (physical) load, fatigue, exhaustion, insomnia (lack
of sleep), dehydration, hunger, monotony (homogeneity) and other conditions.
A strong factor determining the combat behavior of military personnel is
excessive physical loads. It is carried out in conditions of prolonged stay in one
place at important facilities and sharp changes in atmospheric pressure. In such
conditions, the use of combat equipment is limited.
The influence of combat factors is also very important. Among the combat
factors, the most significant influence on the morale and actions of military
personnel is the intensity, severity, duration and type of combat operations, the
type of weapons used, the degree of separation (separation) from the main
forces, the use of military tactics and information-psychological attack methods,
etc.
The intensity of combat operations is considered by us as the intensity and
power of combat events, the expenditure of physical, nervous and psychological
energy of fighters per unit of time.
The conditions and factors of the combat situation that affect the morale
and mental state of military personnel are characterized by the following:
Long stay in one place and the absence of the enemy's direction of
movement, the hostility of some of the factory workers, changes (violations) of
the sleep pattern, unfavorable and unusual climate - geographical factors cause
feelings of insecurity and panic;
guarding roads, sections, territories, often being isolated from the main
forces, not always being in a clear situation, its rapid change, unstable
communication, etc. often lead to a feeling of "abandonment";
threat to life and health - not only in an immediate active situation, but also
constantly expected;
high risk of further capture, hostage-taking, death and disability,
accompanied by torture and humiliation; witnessing the death of comrades,
close friends, civilians, i.e., facility workers;
fear of death or injury in a number of servicemen as the deadline for
replacement approaches;
being away from loved ones, feeling sorry for them, uncertainty about the
purpose of the war, negative attitude of society to the conflict;
various emotional influences associated with danger, difficulty, novelty,
high responsibility for the task being performed and limited time for making a
decision, etc.;
MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
94
information isolation;
hunger and thirst;
the presence of various harmful components in the air, etc. have a specific
and targeted effect.
In order to ensure the successful completion of a combat mission, the
following are necessary in the process of forming, maintaining and restoring the
moral and spiritual state of military personnel:
the presence of an effective management system (control points, bodies and
means) of moral and spiritual support;
systematic study of the individual psychological characteristics of military
personnel, their predominant interests and aspirations, needs, life goals,
military-professional and life experience;
taking into account the formation of spiritual-moral and socio-spiritual
qualities during planning;
maintaining (improving) emotional-volitional endurance and mental
controllability during combat operations;
organization of practical work on the restoration of the psychological state
of personnel who have suffered combat injuries;
implementation of complex measures to protect personnel from negative
information and psychological influences;
conduct constant information and technical monitoring;
take care of meeting the spiritual and social needs of military personnel and
their family members.
The ways to form the moral and psychological state of personnel at the level
necessary for the successful performance of combat missions are as follows:
increasing patriotism and loyalty to the Motherland among military
personnel, a sense of personal responsibility in its protection;
formation of a sense of discipline, courage, bravery, combat brotherhood
and mutual assistance during the guarding of special facilities;
encouragement of military-professional development, activity, initiative,
conscientious fulfillment of military service obligations;
increase confidence in the real social and legal care of military personnel
and their family members by the state;
conduct preliminary and continuous study and analysis of the moral and
spiritual state of each military personnel and military team;
ensure the compliance of the content of moral and spiritual influence with
military-political, combat and information-psychological conditions, the
MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
95
interconnection of combat and moral and spiritual training, and training
sessions with conscripts who have arrived for military service.
The following can be included in the ways of maintaining the moral and
spiritual state of personnel for the successful performance of a combat mission:
constantly analyze and take timely measures to improve the moral and
spiritual state of military personnel;
correctly determine, purposefully and creatively apply the forms, means
and methods of working with military personnel, taking into account the combat
mission and the situation;
constantly explain to personnel the specific features of combat;
study the mood and needs of personnel, timely care for them;
teach methods of self-control and reducing psychological stress;
timely popularization of the experience of military personnel who have
demonstrated skill in performing assigned combat missions;
organize continuous information provision, broadcasting and viewing of
radio and television programs, and provision of periodicals;
conduct special psychological exercises (trainings) that ensure moral and
spiritual stability. Through these methods, it is possible to maintain a stable
moral and spiritual state.
If the moral and spiritual state of military personnel is disturbed and
unstable, then it is necessary to organize additional activities with them. In
particular, the moral and spiritual state of military personnel is restored through
the following methods:
timely identification of those who have received psychological injuries
during combat operations, providing them with the necessary psychological and
psychiatric assistance;
organization of psychophysiological rehabilitation of military personnel
with psychological disorders and injuries, raising their psychological state to the
necessary level;
organization of full-fledged rest and cultural and leisure of personnel;
solving social and domestic problems of military personnel and family
members;
the provision of information to military personnel about military-
political, combat and other situations, the characteristics of a new combat
mission;
The restoration of the moral and spiritual state of personnel is usually
carried out during short breaks in the performance of combat missions.
MODELS AND METHODS IN MODERN SCIENCE
International scientific-online conference
96
Based on the above, it can be concluded that the work on the formation,
maintenance and restoration of a strong and controlled moral and spiritual state
in military personnel (military teams) requires a systematic, complex nature,
and is carried out by the commanders or chiefs of military personnel and other
officials and responsible persons responsible for this, taking into account the
intensity of the battle and the level of information and spiritual impact on them
at all stages of the performance of their tasks of guarding special facilities.
Military personnel (military team) must conduct successful combat
operations against the enemy with high moral and spiritual readiness, while not
losing faith in victory, acting consciously, effectively with minimal psychogenic
losses and coolness.
For the successful completion of the tasks ahead, the formation and
maintenance of a stable and controlled moral and spiritual state and the rapid
recovery of spiritual losses are of paramount importance. This allows for the full
security of important facilities and allows military personnel to skillfully
perform and fully fulfill any task in any situation.
List of used literature:
1.
O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Prezidentining “O‘zbekiston Respublikasi Qurolli
Kuchlari harbiy xizmatchilarining ma’naviy-ma’rifiy saviyasini oshirish tizimini
tubdan takomillashtirish to‘g‘risida”gi 2018 yil 4-avgustdagi 3898-son qarori.
2.
O‘zbekiston Respublikasining 2022-yil 15-iyundagi O‘RQ-778-sonli
“Qo‘riqlash faoliyati to‘g‘risida” gi qonuni .
3.
Морально-психологическое обеспечение деятельности личного
состава в районах с режимом чрезвычайного положения, В.И.Переславцев,
Кандидат юридических наук, 1997 г, №2(6).
4.
Критическая инфраструктура как объект обеспечения национальной
безопасности США. Полковник В.Берловский,
5.
кандидат технических наук, 15.08.2022 г.
6.
Морально-психологическая подготовка основная функциональная
часть системы морально-психологического обеспечения деятельности
России, Сорокин В.И. Кандидат психологических наук, 2014 г.
