X Xamraev, S Sodikov, D Khamrayeva, D Sobirova
The liver plays an important role in the implementation and regulation of many metabolic processes. A wide variety of functions of hepatocytes leads to the fact that in liver pathology, biochemical constants are disturbed, reflecting changes in many types of metabolism. The anatomical structure of the liver determines the features of the processes occurring in it. The structural components of the liver are: 1) parenchymal cells (hepatocytes); 2) epithelium of the bile ducts; 3) cells of the reticuloendothelial system (RES); 4) connective tissue. Connective tissue forms a capsule of the liver and it is not among the hepatocytes ordered into a lobed structure. Despite the many processes occurring in liver cells, changes in far from all of them are of diagnostic value [14]. The main pathological processes that form diagnostic signs are: 1) increased permeability of hepatocyte membranes; 2) reduction of synthetic processes in them; 3) an increase in the size of hepatocytes, compression of the bile ducts and impaired excretion of bile; 4) violation of the deposit process; 5) decrease in deactivation of toxic metabolites; 6) activation of mesenchymal tissue; 7) violation of immune responses. As a result of these processes, the following pathophysiological syndromes are formed: cytolysis, cholestasis, insufficiency of hepatocytes, inflammation.
