2025
SENTABR
NEW RENAISSANCE
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE
VOLUME 2
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ISSUE 9
62
FULL-TERM AND PRETERM INFANTS WITH PNEUMONIA: A CLINICAL
COMPARISON
Karimova Diyora
Xolmurodova Ruxshona
Baxriyeva Dinara
Avazova T.A.
Supervisor: PhD
Samarkand State Medical University
Uzbekistan, Samarkand.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17115284
Relevance
Pneumonia remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among children
under 5 years of age worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Despite
numerous studies examining differences in the clinical presentation and outcomes of pneumonia
across various pediatric age groups, comparative data on the course of the disease in full-term and
preterm infants under 1 year of age remain limited. Given the high prevalence of pneumonia in
this age group, assessing differences in the severity of clinical manifestations between full-term
and preterm infants is essential for optimizing patient management and improving treatment
outcomes. This study was designed to address this gap.
Objective
To compare the clinical features and course of pneumonia in full-term and preterm infants
under 1 year of age. The analysis included fever intensity, duration of hospitalization, frequency of
admissions to the intensive care unit, and oxygen saturation levels.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study included 60 infants under 1 year of age hospitalized at ARDMMC
with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia between January 1 and December 31, 2022.
Patients were divided into two groups: preterm (gestational age ≤34 weeks, n=30) and full
-
term (gestational age >34 weeks, n=30). The parameters assessed were div temperature, length
of hospital stay, frequency of ICU admissions, and oxygen saturation (SpO₂). Statistical analysis
was performed using the t-test, with p<0.05 considered statistically significant.
Results
The mean age of the preterm group was 6.1±3.2 months, while that of the full
-term group
was 7.2±2.9 months (p=0.134). Preterm infants had higher fever (39.1±0.6°C) compared with full
-
term infants (38.7±0.5°C, p=0.022). The duration of hospitalization was also longer in preterm
infants (8.6±2.4 vs. 7.4±1.9 days, p=0.012). ICU admissions were more frequent among preterm
infants (60% vs. 30%, p=0.031). In addition, preterm infants had lower oxygen saturation levels
(91.5±1.9% vs. 95.2±1.2%, p<0.001).
Conclusion
Pneumonia in preterm infants under 1 year of age follows a more severe clinical course
compared to their full-term counterparts. It is characterized by higher fever, longer hospitalization,
a greater need for intensive care, and lower oxygen saturation levels.
2025
SENTABR
NEW RENAISSANCE
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE
VOLUME 2
|
ISSUE 9
63
These findings underscore the need for closer monitoring and timely treatment of preterm
infants to prevent complications and improve prognosis. In clinical practice, the identified
differences should be considered when managing pneumonia in infants.
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