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ERRORS AND COMPLICATIONS IN ENDODONTIC TREATMENT
Kurbanova Nodira Voxidovna
Faculty of Medicine, International University of Asia, Uzbekistan.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17171569
Abstract.
Endodontic treatment, commonly known as root canal therapy, is a vital
procedure in saving teeth that have been compromised by decay, trauma, or infection. While the
success rate of endodontic therapy is generally high, various errors and complications can occur
during the procedure, which may lead to treatment failure. This article reviews the most common
endodontic errors, their causes, potential consequences, and methods of prevention.
Keywords:
Endodontic treatment, trauma, infection, dental pulp.
1. Introduction
Endodontics is the branch of dentistry concerned with the etiology, diagnosis, prevention,
and treatment of diseases of the dental pulp and periapical tissues. Despite advances in
technology and techniques, procedural errors still occur, often due to lack of experience,
insufficient knowledge, or failure to follow proper protocols.
2. Common Errors in Endodontic Treatment
2.1. Access Cavity Errors
Improper access cavity preparation can result in:
Missed canals
Perforation of the pulp chamber floor or walls
Excessive removal of tooth structure
Prevention: Use of rubber dam, pre-operative radiographs, and magnification tools like
loupes or microscopes can help ensure proper access.
2.2. Instrumentation Errors
These include:
Ledge formation
Canal transportation
Instrument separation (file breakage)
Perforation during cleaning and shaping
Prevention: Use flexible nickel-titanium instruments, follow proper irrigation and glide
path creation, and avoid excessive force.
2.3. Working Length Determination Errors
Incorrect determination of the working length can lead to:
Over-instrumentation (beyond the apex)
Under-instrumentation (short of the apex)
Prevention: Use electronic apex locators, confirm with radiographs, and ensure accurate
measurements.
2.4. Irrigation Errors
Sodium hypochlorite accidents (extrusion into periapical tissues) may cause severe pain,
swelling, and tissue damage.
Prevention: Use side-vented needles, avoid excessive pressure, and do not bind the needle
tip in the canal.
2.5. Obturation Errors
Poor obturation can result in:
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Voids
Overfilling or underfilling
Missed canals
Prevention: Use appropriate obturation techniques (e.g., lateral or vertical compaction),
and confirm with radiographs.
3. Consequences of Endodontic Errors
Persistent infection or inflammation
Chronic pain or discomfort
Tooth fracture
Treatment failure and tooth loss
Need for retreatment or surgical intervention (apicoectomy)
4. Prevention and Management
Thorough training and continuing education
Use of modern technologies (CBCT, apex locators, rotary systems)
Strict adherence to aseptic protocols
Proper case selection and referral when necessary
Immediate recognition and management of complications
5. Conclusion
Endodontic treatment requires precision, knowledge, and attention to detail. Avoiding
common procedural errors is essential to ensure successful outcomes. By following best
practices and using advanced tools, dental practitioners can minimize complications and enhance
patient satisfaction.
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