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IMPROVING MODERN THERAPY METHODS OF OTITIS MEDIA IN YOUNG
CHILDREN
¹Uktamov Diyorbek Shuxratovich
²Ne'matullayev Odilbek Alisher o‘g‘li
³Qo‘chqorov Davlatbek Baxron o‘g‘li
¹Assistant, Department of Otorhinolaryngology No
2, Samarkand State Medical University; ²'³Clinical Ordinators, Department of
Otorhinolaryngology, Samarkand State Medical University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17375221
Introduction
. Otitis media remains one of the most prevalent infectious diseases in early
childhood, affecting approximately 60–80% of children under the age of five worldwide. Despite
advances in diagnosis and treatment, recurrent and chronic otitis media continue to pose a major
health problem due to the anatomical and immunological immaturity of the Eustachian tube in
children. Persistent inflammation of the middle ear can lead to hearing loss, delayed speech
development, and learning difficulties, which negatively impact the child’s quality of life and
cognitive growth. In recent years, the evolution of antibiotic resistance and the growing need for
individualized approaches have prompted otolaryngologists to refine and improve therapeutic
strategies.
Objective
The primary objective of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of modern
therapeutic methods for acute and chronic otitis media in young children, to compare different
treatment protocols, and to identify optimal approaches that ensure faster recovery, reduced
recurrence, and minimal complications.
Materials and Methods
A total of 120 pediatric patients aged between 1 and 6 years,
diagnosed with otitis media, were included in the study conducted at Samarkand State Medical
University from 2022 to 2024. Patients were divided into three groups: Group I received
conventional antibiotic therapy (amoxicillin-clavulanate), Group II received combination therapy
with local antiseptics and mucolytics, and Group III underwent a comprehensive treatment
protocol involving antibiotic therapy, nasal decongestants, autoinflation exercises, and
physiotherapy. Diagnosis was confirmed through otoscopy, tympanometry, and audiometry.
Clinical parameters such as fever duration, ear discharge, pain severity, and hearing
improvement were assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with
significance set at p<0.05.
Results
Children treated under the comprehensive protocol (Group III) demonstrated a
faster resolution of symptoms, with an average recovery time of 5.4±1.2 days compared to
8.1±2.3 days in Group I. The recurrence rate within three months was significantly lower in
Group III (7.8%) compared to Group I (22.5%) and Group II (15.6%). Audiometric evaluation
showed earlier restoration of normal hearing thresholds in Group III patients. Furthermore,
complications such as persistent effusion and tympanic membrane perforation were markedly
reduced. No significant adverse effects related to medication were observed.
Discussion
The study findings suggest that modern, multimodal therapy integrating
systemic and local interventions provides superior outcomes in managing otitis media in young
children. Conventional antibiotic monotherapy, while effective for acute cases, does not
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adequately address the multifactorial pathogenesis of otitis media, which includes Eustachian
tube dysfunction and mucosal edema. The addition of nasal decongestants, autoinflation
exercises, and physiotherapy improves middle ear ventilation and drainage, thereby accelerating
recovery. Preventive strategies such as parental education, vaccination, and early treatment of
upper respiratory infections are also essential for reducing recurrence.
Conclusion
Modern comprehensive therapy methods, combining systemic antibiotics,
local agents, and supportive physiotherapeutic interventions, significantly enhance the treatment
outcomes of otitis media in young children. The integration of these approaches not only reduces
disease duration and recurrence but also prevents hearing impairment and developmental delays.
The results of this study emphasize the importance of individualized, evidence-based treatment
protocols tailored to the pediatric population. Continued refinement of therapeutic standards,
along with preventive public health measures, will contribute to decreasing the long-term burden
of otitis media in children.
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