ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
391
UDK.: 619.616.9 – 036.2:576.807.3
EPHEMERAL FEVER PREVENTION
Mengliyev Ali Saykanovich
Termiz Agrotechnologies and Innovative Development Institute (Ph.D).
Chorshanbiev Sherali Khurramovich
Termiz Institute of Agrotechnologies and Innovative Development (Ph.D).
Siddikov Ilhomdjon Nasritdinovich
Senior teacher of the Department of Food Safety and Technology of the
Samarkand Institute of Agro-Innovations and Research, (Ph.D).
Usmanov Rustam
Bakhromova Farida
Musurmonava Dildora
Temiz Institute of Agrotechnology and Innovative Development,
students of the 2 nd stage of veterinary education.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10825613
Abstract.
This article discusses the clinical signs of the disease, pathological changes,
diagnosis, treatment and preventive measures, control and problems of ephedrine fever in cattle.
Key words:
cattle, ephemera, fever, virus, blood-sucking fly, disinsection, disinfection.
ПРОФИЛАКТИКА ЭФЕМЕРНОЙ ЛИХОРАДКИ
Аннотация.
В статье рассмотрены клинические признаки заболевания,
патологические изменения, диагностика, лечение и профилактические меры, борьба и
проблемы эфедриновой лихорадки крупного рогатого скота.
Ключевые слова:
крупный рогатый скот, эфемеры, лихорадка, вирус, кровососущая
муха, дезинсекция, дезинфекция.
Enter.
Ephemeral fever disease is an acute transmissible viral disease, mainly in cattle
short-term (gr. ephemeral-short) fever, inflammation of the nose, mouth, red pharynx, mucous
membranes of the eyes, div and It is characterized by tension (stiffness) of the leg muscles,
difficult movement and lameness.
The disease was first recorded among cattle in 1867, then in 1907, 1908, 1915, in 1887-
1891, 1906-1908, 1919 in the countries of the Asian continent, and in 1936-1937 in Australia.
Therefore, this disease has been well studied especially in Africa, Australia and Japan, and it has
been established that there are antigenically close descendants of the virus that causes it.
Ephemeral fever has also been reported among cattle in the European countries of Finland,
Germany, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, the Netherlands and Denmark. Ephemeral fever spreads
mainly as an epizootic, and the economic damage is caused by a sharp decrease in animal products,
partly by the death of a sick animal, and the costs of drugs, disinfection and disinsection.
The disease is caused by the lymphotropic bovine ephemeralis fever rhabdovirus, which
belongs to the Rabdoviridae family and stores ribonucleic acid in its nucleolus. After the virus
enters the div, antibodies are formed against it that neutralize the virus and bind complement.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
392
The disease is non-contagious, the virus is transmitted to cattle first by the flies of Culex
annulirosis, Anopheles annulipes and other genera that suck the blood of cattle, and then through
flies to a healthy animal.
The virus is not mechanically transferred to healthy cattle through the above-mentioned
flies, but lives in their div. That is why flies are reservoirs of this disease in nature. Ephemera
fever is characterized by a very rapid spread. The source of the pathogen is sick and virus-carrying
cattle. A fly that feeds on the blood of such animals first picks up the ephedrine virus, then infects
it with this virus while sucking the blood of a healthy animal.
Due to the fact that flies infected with the virus are blown hundreds of kilometers by a
strong wind, the disease virus can spread not only in one region, but also across the region, country,
and even the continent.
Relevance of the topic.
This disease belongs to the category of exotic diseases for our
country, because ephemeral fever was first recorded in 1984 under the name of Termiz fever, then
it was recorded among cattle in 2002 and 2012. In August 2012, it was concluded that this disease,
which was observed among cattle in the territory of Surkhandarya region, was brought by a fly
infected with the virus from Afghanistan with the help of a strong wind. Because this disease has
been registered in the regions of the Asian continent (Indonesia, Japan, China, India) at different
times.
Disease prevention and control measures
. The main way to protect susceptible animals
from the virus of this disease is to bring the cattle brought to our country for the purpose of
improving the breed from regions healthy for this disease, and to conduct strict clinical control
during their preventive quarantine.
Keeping livestock farms clean and tidy, carrying out veterinary and sanitary measures on
time, i.e. installing a dezobarer at the entrance to the livestock building, organizing access to the
buildings through dezogilims thoroughly soaked with disinfectant, every 10 days 3-4% o washing
sodium, 5-10% active chlorine lime, regular disinfection with 2-3% formaldehyde, biothermal
disinfection of accumulated manure, 3% creolin against hematophages (blood-sucking insects) of
buildings, 0.015- 0.025 % cypermethrin, 0.5% ectomin or 0.0062-0.125% nurel-D aqueous
emulsion, keeping them within zoohygienic requirements to increase animal resistance, giving
nutritious and vitamin feeds to prevent ephemeral fever among cattle helps to get.
It is recommended to use live and inactivated cultural vaccines, hyperimmune and
convalescent blood sera based on the "Guide" for the use of these preparations for the special
prevention of cattle against ephemeral fever. If this disease is detected among cattle by clinical,
epizotological, pathologoanatomical, serological and virological methods, the farm or settlement
is declared unhealthy under the Veterinary Law, and it is restricted by the decision of the governor
based on the report of the chief veterinary inspector of the district (city). At the unhealthy point,
all containment measures and measures to prevent the spread of the disease are taken. Entry and
exit of new cattle to the farm, mixing them with other groups is prohibited.
Sick animals, which are considered to be the source of the disease, are immediately
separated into a separate building, in order to completely protect them from hematophages,
disinfection and disinsection activities are carried out in the isolator, as mentioned above, and the
sick are treated.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
393
After the diagnosis of the disease, the veterinary specialist serving this address is obliged
to carry out the following measures in cooperation with the head of the farm, the head of the farm
or the chairman of the citizens' assembly and the relevant authorities:
- all cattle kept at this address are subjected to clinical examination and thermometry, all
sick and suspected disease cattle are separated and special storage measures are taken;
- after the diagnosis of the disease, it is not allowed to take the cattle out of the farm, the
village where the population lives, to distant pastures, or to introduce new cattle from another place
without the permission of the District Chief Veterinarian; it is forbidden to take any biological
preparations (blood serum, defibrinated blood, etc.) from cattle in an unhealthy location;
- buildings where infected cattle are kept are disinfected 1 time every 10 days until the
restriction is over, for this purpose, the temperature is 70-800 C with a mixture of 2-3% caustic
sodium, 5% sulfuric and carbolic acids, 2-3 uses formalin with %; for disinsection, 0.5% neocidol,
0.015% simbush or karate, 0.5% ectomyn solutions are used;
-drying measures are taken in small and non-flowing pond water sources or it is necessary
to carry out disinsection measures there; All measures are taken to herd cattle, stop their movement,
and prevent the contact of blood-sucking flies with them.
Conclusions
Buildings where animals are kept in livestock farms, peasant farms and households are
regularly treated with 0.5% neocidol, 0.015% simbush, karate, 0.5% ectomiin, 3% creolin, 0.015-
0.025% cypermethrin, Prophylactic disinsection with one of the 0.0062-0.125% Nurel-D solutions
prevents the introduction and spread of cattle ephemeral fever from another area.
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ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 3 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
394
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