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MEASURES AIMED AT TREATMENT AND PREVENTION OF FLUTTERING
ARRHYTHMIA IN A MODERN INTERPRETATION
Shernazarov Sardor
Samarkand State Medical University
DKTF (Faculty of Postgraduate Education)
Department of Therapy, Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics
Daniyorov Shahzod
Samarkand State Medical University
DKTF (Faculty of Postgraduate Education)
Department of Therapy, Cardiology and Functional Diagnostics
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10928082
Abstract.
Atrial fibrillation (atrial fibrillation) is a type of heart rhythm disorder
characterized by a frequent and chaotic beating rhythm. With this pathology, there is a violation
of blood circulation, which affects all human organs and systems. In a healthy div, the heart rate
can also increase or, conversely, decrease. All this is a normal adaptation of the heart to current
loads. Thus, heart rate increases during intense physical activity and decreases, respectively,
during rest. This process is completely physiological and is necessary to ensure adequate blood
flow to the muscles.
Key words
: Arrhythmia, rhythmic arrhythmia, swing arrhythmia, treatment and
prevention.
МЕРОПРИЯТИЯ, НАПРАВЛЕННЫЕ НА ЛЕЧЕНИЕ И ПРОФИЛАКТИКУ
ТРЕПЕТАЮЩЕЙ АРИТМИИ В СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ИНТЕРПРЕТАЦИИ
Аннотация.
Мерцательная аритмия (мерцательная аритмия) — вид нарушения
сердечного ритма, характеризующийся частым и хаотичным ритмом сокращений. При
этой патологии происходит нарушение кровообращения, что затрагивает все органы и
системы человека. В здоровом организме частота сердечных сокращений также может
увеличиваться или, наоборот, уменьшаться. Все это нормальная адаптация сердца к
текущим нагрузкам. Таким образом, частота сердечных сокращений увеличивается при
интенсивных физических нагрузках и соответственно снижается во время отдыха. Этот
процесс полностью физиологичен и необходим для обеспечения адекватного притока крови
к мышцам.
Ключевые слова:
Аритмия, ритмическая аритмия, маховая аритмия, лечение и
профилактика.
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However, with a pathological change in the heart rhythm, regardless of the intensity of the
load, an increase and decrease in the frequency of beats occurs. Arrhythmia can occur both during
physical activity and in a state of physical and emotional rest. In some cases, the heart rate can
reach up to 600 beats per minute, which is a serious threat to life.
Without proper treatment, the pathology can cause angina pectoris, thromboembolism,
ischemic stroke or even cardiac arrest.
Symptoms of atrial fibrillation
It can be difficult to diagnose the disease independently, because atrial fibrillation is often
asymptomatic. In this case, the pathology is determined by diagnosing electrocardiogram. If there
are symptoms, the patient feels a "wave" or "pounding" heart, shortness of breath, weakness,
suffocation, heaviness and pain in the chest, sometimes a feeling of fear , complains of sweating.
In some cases, an attack of arrhythmia can be accompanied by a sharp drop in blood pressure,
followed by loss of consciousness and the threat of death.
Causes of atrial fibrillation
Modern medicine distinguishes two groups of causes of atrial fibrillation: organic and
functional. The first group is directly related to cardiovascular pathologies. The second - with
disturbances in the functioning of other organs and systems.
Organic causes include:
dysfunction of coronary arteries;
arterial hypertension;
heart disease;
atherosclerotic heart disease;
myocarditis;
ischemic disease;
heart failure;
sinus node pathology;
consequences of heart surgery.
The most common functional reasons:
lack of magnesium and potassium in the div;
stress;
abuse of alcohol, caffeine and energy drinks;
pathologies of the thyroid gland;
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blood diseases;
physical or emotional stress that exceeds the div's reserves.
Diagnosis of atrial fibrillation
Disease diagnosis is carried out by highly qualified specialists with many years of
experience in the field of cardiology. During the research, high-precision equipment that meets all
the requirements of modern medicine is used.
The first visit to the clinic begins with the collection of anamnesis (medical history). For
this purpose, the patient is interviewed and carefully examined. After the initial diagnosis, the
patient is sent to additional laboratory and instrumental studies to confirm it.
Holter ECG is the main method for detecting arrhythmia. In this study, a 24-hour
electrocardiogram is recorded, which allows to identify factors that can change the normal
heartbeat.
Echocardiography is an ultrasound examination of the heart muscle.
A stress ECG is a study in which conditions that cause rhythm disturbances are triggered.
Bicycle ergometry is a study that uses additional physical activity (called "cycling").
The treadmill test is a test in which the patient's EKG is recorded while walking on a
treadmill.
The tilt test is an examination performed on an orthostatic table, in which data is recorded
when the div changes its position.
Lifting tests - studying during squats, running and other physical exercises.
An endocardial ECG is a type of diagnosis in which catheters are inserted into the heart to
record internal and external data.
General blood and urine tests - laboratory tests to determine the presence of concomitant
pathologies (for example, anemia).
Therapeutic treatment of atrial fibrillation
There are two ways to treat atrial fibrillation - conservative and surgical.
Conservative therapy is aimed at preventing or stopping the attack of arrhythmia. For this,
doctors choose optimal doses of antiarrhythmic drugs. Beta blockers, slow calcium channel
blockers, or cardiac glycosides may be used to control normal heart rates.
Anticoagulant drugs are used for arrhythmias accompanied by the formation of blood clots.
If atrial fibrillation is the result of another heart disease, therapy is aimed not only at eliminating
the symptom, but also at fighting the main cause.
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It should be remembered that only a qualified cardiologist can choose the right treatment
that will bring positive results.
Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation
If therapeutic treatment is ineffective or in advanced stages of atrial fibrillation, the patient
may require surgical intervention.
Implantation of a pacemaker affecting the heart rhythm.
Implantation of a cardioverter-defibrillator that monitors and stops cardiac arrhythmia.
Heart surgery that eliminates the main cause of arrhythmia (removal of heart defects,
aneurysms, valvular defects, etc.
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