348
WHAT WE NEED TO KNOW ABOUT THE PATHOLOGY OF CARDIOMYOPATHY
Ahrorov Muhammad Aslamjonovich
Asadov Behzod Burxon oʻgʻli
Baxtiyorov Shoxrux Toir oʻgʻli
Suvonov Shahzod Ergash oʻgʻli
Samarkand State Medical University
1st year ordinators of the Department of Cardiology,
Therapy and Functional Diagnostics
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11215496
Relevance of the problem:
according to the WHO definition, cardiomyopathies are heart
pathologies resulting in damage to the heart muscle in the myocardium, the middle part of the heart
muscle fibers. The disease can appear against the background of other diseases not related to the
heart and cardiovascular system.
Presentation and methods:
Cardiomyopathy code is ICD 10 according to the
International Classification of Diseases. The concept unites all pathologies in which the middle
layer of the muscle fibers of the heart is affected. The risk of developing hypertension, coronary
heart disease (CHD), and heart valve damage remains high.
In this case, it is recommended to study not all heart pathologies, but symptoms with
changes in the myocardium in cardiomyopathy. These disorders can be caused by disorders of
individual organs and systems, as well as the whole organism.
Observed results:
According to the modern classification, cardiomyopathies can be
divided into two main types and several characteristic groups. As mentioned above, the disease
can appear by itself or as a result of other diseases. In the first case, the causes are often not
identified and cannot be determined using traditional diagnostic methods.
Primary cardiomyopathy can be caused by a viral infection, autoimmune disease, or
idiopathic myocardial fibrosis. The reason for this may also be some types of changes in the human
genome. It is impossible to determine the influence of the genetic factor on the occurrence of
cardiac cardiomyopathy, because a large number of proteins are involved in the metabolism of
cardiomyocytes. In this case, the pathology develops only when one or more changes appear.
Symptoms characteristic of cardiomyopathy are caused by viral causes of the development
of myopathy. This theory can be confirmed by antibodies detected in connection with the
penetration of viruses. For example, the immune system affects the cytomegalovirus, the causative
349
agent of hepatitis C, as well as the Coxsackie virus. All these pathogens are able to affect DNA,
with subsequent development of heart muscle pathology.
According to clinical recommendations, the theory of the development of cardiomyopathy
as a result of autoimmune changes in the div is not unreasonable. The mechanism of development
is related to the recognition of myocardial cells as foreign by the human immune system. In this
case, the div produces antibodies directed against cardiomyocytes. This opposite effect of
immunity can be caused by viruses, bacteria and various pathologies.
The restrictive form is characterized by the stiffness of the myocardium with the limitation
of filling the heart chambers with blood. A decrease in the volume of blood flow leads to the
development of diastolic dysfunction, against which heart failure occurs with the manifestation of
acute restrictive cardiomyopathy.
The reason for this may be idiopathic myocardial fibrosis, cardiosclerosis, in which
cardiomyopathy appears, the diagnosis indicates the replacement of the characteristic muscle
fibers of the heart with connective tissue. They lose elasticity, are unable to contract and disrupt
the heart rhythm. The reason for this may be inflammatory processes in the myocardium or a
previous heart attack. In this case, what is called secondary cardiomyopathy appears.
How is the treatment carried out?
Due to the uncertain nature of the appearance of the primary form of the disease, treatment
is prescribed to weaken and eliminate symptoms. The applied therapy is carried out to eliminate
the symptoms of heart failure caused by pathological processes in the myocardium.
What pathologies can cause the secondary form?
Secondary cardiomyopathy appears against the background of pathologies related to the
functioning of the human cardiovascular system.
The list of these diseases includes:
IHD, coronary heart disease;
Infections that cause fatal changes in the heart muscle;
Endocrine diseases;
Arterial hypertension;
Shifts in metabolism and accumulation;
Electrolyte balance
In connecting fibers;
amyloidosis;
Neuromuscular pathology;
350
Severe poisoning;
During pregnancy.
Coronary heart disease is characterized by a number of characteristic symptoms. Against
the background of atherosclerosis, the lumen of the coronary arteries narrows and a lack of oxygen
(O 2 ) occurs in the myocardium. This leads to the destruction of cardiomyocytes and their
replacement by connective fibers.
Conclusion
: Considering the causes of cardiomyopathies, we can distinguish different
types of this disease:
Primary origin, when the etiology of occurrence is not determined;
Secondary form with the identification of the cause of the development of pathological
changes in the myocardium.
Classification is also carried out according to the mechanism of development, pathogenesis:
REFERENCES
1.
Andryev S. et al. Experience with the use of memantine in the treatment of cognitive
disorders //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 282-288.
2.
Antsiborov S. et al. Association of dopaminergic receptors of peripheral blood
lymphocytes with a risk of developing antipsychotic extrapyramidal diseases //Science and
innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 29-35.
3.
Asanova R. et al. Features of the treatment of patients with mental disorders and
cardiovascular pathology //Science and innovation.
– 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 545-550.
4.
Begbudiyev M. et al. Integration of psychiatric care into primary care //Science and
innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 551-557.
5.
Bo’Riyev B. et al. Features of clinical and psychopathological examination of young
children //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 558-563.
6.
Borisova Y. et al. Concomitant mental disorders and social functioning of adults with high-
functioning autism/asperger syndrome //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11.
– С. 36-41.
7.
Ivanovich U. A. et al. Efficacy and tolerance of pharmacotherapy with antidepressants in
non-psychotic depressions in combination with chronic brain ischemia //Science and
Innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. 12. – С. 409-414.
8.
Karshiyev Z. et al. The degree of adaptation to psychogenic effects in social life in patients
with psychogenic asthma //Science and innovation.
– 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С. 295-302.
351
9.
Konstantinova O. et al. Clinical and psychological characteristics of patients with
alcoholism with suicidal behavior //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D11. – С.
399-404.
10.
Konstantinova O. et al. Experience in the use of thiamine (vitamin B1) megadose in the
treatment of korsakov-type alcoholic encephalopathy //Science and innovation. – 2023. –
Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 564-570.
11.
Farrukh S. ORGANIZATION OF DIGITALIZED MEDICINE AND HEALTH
ACADEMY AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE IN MEDICINE //Science and innovation. – 2023.
– Т. 2. – №. Special Issue 8. – С. 493-499.
12.
Kosolapov V. et al. Modern strategies to help children and adolescents with anorexia
nervosa syndrome //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 571-575.
13.
Lomakin S. et al. Biopsychosocial model of internet-dependent behavior. Risk factors for
the formation of the internet //Science and innovation.
– 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 205-211.
14.
Lomakin S. et al. Features of electroencephalographic disorders in patients with mental
disorders due to brain damage or dysfunction //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. –
№. D12. – С. 367-372.
15.
Lomakin S. et al. Socio-demographic, personal and clinical characteristics of relatives of
patients with alcoholism //Science and innovation. – 2023. – Т. 2. – №. D12. – С. 278-283.
