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References:
1. I.Karimov ,, Dream of harmoniously developed generation »Tashkent
2000. 217- p.
2.Xodjaev B.X. Fundamentals of general pedagogical theory. Toshkent
2017.
3.I.Karimov, "High spirituality is an invincible force" 2008. 128 pages.
4. RAVavlanova B.Normuradova "Methods of educational work"
textbook 2010.
Gulshan Sharapova, teacher of the department “Languages” Tashkent
Institute of irrigation and agricultural mechanization engineers Bukhara
branch, Bukhara, Uzbekistan
EFFECTIVE ESL VOCABULARY TEACHING TECHNIQUES
G. Sharapova
Abstract. This article analyses the importance and advantages of
vocabulary methods in teaching English as a one of the essential feature in
EFL classes and its importance on learner’s acquiring language. In this
article,several different vocabulary methods for teaching ESL classes are
outlined.
Key words. ESL classes, TEFL classes, techniques, realia, definition,
vocabulary building strategies
Introduction: Vocabulary is crucial to a student’s language development
and communication skills. After all, without eduquate words, it’s difficult to
relate thoughts, ideas, and feelings about who we are and how we interpret
the world around us. Learning language doesn’t mean to know only the
structure or vocabulary but the most important thing learning how to use
language for communication , how to speak and make people to understand
what we speak about. As well as for developing speaking skill the students
must organize a good condition to enlarge their speaking vocabulary, to
increase the fluency of speaking.
Main part: What is the best way to teach vocabulary? Create a context
around words you teach.It’s a good idea to think about how students will
recall a word when sitting for an exam and use this as your starting point to
determine how you want your students to remember what you have taught
them. In other words, don’t teach new words in a vacuum. You want to create
a contextual experience (an interesting story, a dialogue) that leaves a deep
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impression so when the time comes for your class to recall a particular list
of words, they’ll be able to access these words with little trouble.
Teach relevant vocabulary and consider your studens’ age
If you are teaching children,remember that they are innately curious
and love to learn about things that surround them. Teens,on the other hand,
need vocabulary to help them understand the books they read,music they
listen to, or the shows they watch, as well as words that can help them
express their feelings.Adults need the appropriate TEFL vocabulary to help
them relate on both a personal and business level,and they rely on you to
give them the best and most common words and phrases that will help them
improve their communication skills.
What are the techniques for introducing and teaching new vocabulary?
Show images or drawings
Because drawings and photos are fairly universal and understood by
most people, this is perhaps the best way to present new vocabulary. The
internet is chockfull of photos and pictures, and there are a variety of
photostock websites to choose from. If you have a knack for drawing, you
can make your own pictures or create your own characters, but make sure
that these are large enough for everyone to see clearly don’t have access to
a smartboard. Keep the composition of your photos or drawings simple, as
too many things happening at once can confuse students.
Introduce new words in the context of a story or article students read
ESL readings are of great value because they expose students to
vocabulary they might not encounter in their day-to-day lives, but that is
useful nonetheless. To pre-teach vocabulary that students will encounter in
the reading you’ve choosen, you can follow this structure:
1.Make a list of 10 to 12 words that will be found in the reading and go
over these verbally with students prior to starting the lesson.
2.As you go through the list, ask your students if any of them know the
meaning of each word.Give them time to discuss words and guess the
meanings if they’re not sure.(it’s a good idea to have two or three words that
students already know, as this gives them familiar ground to stand on).
3.As students call out the definitions they know, write these on the
board, but leave a blank space next to those that are not known.
4.Try to teach these words by drawing a simple picture or acting the
word out, if possible you are still unable to get your students know that they
will be able to figure out the meaning when they’ve read the text, and remind
them that you will make sure everyone will understand the vocabulary by
the time the lesson is over.
Readings should always be followed by questions,first verbal and then
written,to give students the opportunity to test their newly acquired
vocabulary words and commit what they’ve learned to long term
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memory.Homework that involves students writing their own sentences or
answering predetermined questions,will also help to reinforce what they’ve
learned in class.Finally,always be sure to check homewok and review what
students have learned from the previous lesson.
How to make vocabulary fun with TEFL vocabulary games?
Games are an essential tool in the ESL and TEFL classroom.They allow
students to think outside the box, put what they’ve learned to immediate
use, create experiences with their classmates, and break away from lessons
that could otherwise be tediuous. These popular games and activities can be
used to teach ESL vocabulary.
Conclusion
To conclude,it can be said that these methods of teaching vocabulary are
essential tool to have in a teaching box but it pays to be aware of where you
want them to go. Some teachers are unaware of the possibilities of
vocabulary methods. Some of them think that vocabulary teaching methods
are not suitable for classes which impact the discipline problems and
conducting these methods would make the class be noisy.These strategies
are very important in teaching vocabulary for ESL classes because they give
students an opportunity to enlarge their vocabulary. Furthermore,by using
these methods and strategies teachers can concentrate learners’ attention
to the subject easily and have strong impact on them.
Reference:
1.Cognition and technology group at Vanderbilt.// Technology and the
design of generative learning environments .Educational technology,
31(5),34-40
2.The practice of English language Teaching-Jeremy Harmer (Longman
1989).
3. Harmer J(1984) The practice of English language teaching .Longman
Handbook for language Teaching ,USA.
4.https://www.enchantedlearning.com
