Countering cybercrime: modern approaches to training

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[Electronic resource] cyberleninka.ru

Abdulaziz Rasulev, Doctor of law, acting Professor of the Department of

«Crime prevention» of the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of

the Republic of Uzbekistan

Gayrat Sadullayev,teacher of the Department of «Crime prevention» of the

Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan

Ilmira Rasuleva, Department of Oriental Languages University of world

economy and diplomacy

COUNTERING CYBERCRIME: MODERN APPROACHES TO TRAINING

A. Rasulev, G. Sadullayev

, I. Rasuleva

Abstract: this article analyzes the issues of countering cybercrime,

taking into account the development of modern information and
communication technologies, and the use of the Internet by young people.
The article deals with the practice of fighting cybercrime and the trend of
constant development of young hackers.

In conclusion, proposals and recommendations were developed to

improve measures to counter cybercrime in higher education institutions of
the Republic of Uzbekistan.

Keywords: youth, Internet, state youth policy, cybercrime, information

and communication technologies, hacker, hacker groups.

Global informatization of society is one of the dominant trends in the

development of civilization in the XXI century. Due to the rapid increase in
the capabilities of computer science, telecommunications systems and new
information technologies, the information environment of people's lives and
activities is being formed, and the information society is being formed.

The Internet is a worldwide computer network that connects thousands

of networks, including those of law enforcement agencies and government
organizations. Initially, few people knew what the Internet was and how to
use it, but as time went on, various sites, forums, blogs, and online stores
began to appear on the Internet. More and more people began to learn about
the existence of the Internet and began to use it more and more.

Currently, the Internet is used by a huge number of people, and most of

these people are representatives of modern youth. Young people spend

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more and more time at the computer on the Internet. Favorite sites of young
people as it seems to me are: Dating sites, «Badoo», «Rusdate», «Mamba»,
«Telegram», «Instagram», «Одноклассники» and sites that provide email
services, forums.

With the development of information technologies and an increase in

the number of Internet users, protecting young people from various threats
and alien ideas is becoming increasingly important. In 2019, more than 53%
of the world's population, or 4.1 billion people, used the Internet, and this
number continued to grow. At the beginning of 2020, more than 4.5 billion
people use the Internet in the world — this is 7% more than last year. This
is almost 60% of the world's population. According to the International
telecommunication union, this figure is highest in Europe (82.5%), and
lowest in Africa (28.2%). [7]

According to analytical data, 26.5% of Internet users in the world are

aged from 10 to 24 years, 26.7% of users - from 25 to 34 years, 20.4% - from
35 to 44 years [3]. As we can see, a large number of Internet users are young
people. Experts of one of the largest Russian media about IT and IT security
«HACKER» claim that most hackers are just bored children who have too
much free time. Only 10% of hackers are aware of their actions. 90% of acts
of vandalism on the Internet are carried out by 13 - year-olds who just need
to «have a good time» [8]. Determining the age profile of Internet users also
allows you to identify potential subjects who may commit crimes in the field
of information technology and security. The security service of Ukraine
detained a hacker known by the nickname «Sanix» in Ivano-Frankivsk. At
the beginning of last year, he attracted the attention of global cybersecurity
experts by posting an ad on one of the forums for the sale of a database with
773 million email addresses and 21 million unique passwords. [4] According
to some reports in the United States, a group of young hackers (school
children), which calls itself CWA, in 2015 hacked the personal email of CIA
director John Brennan and secretary of national security Jay Johnson [6].

Since the beginning of April 2020, the world health organization (who)

has been subjected to a series of cyber attacks. Employees of the
organization received phishing emails. Security experts believe that an
Iranian youth hacker group was behind the attack. [1]

Given that the majority of Internet users are young people, the Internet

is a very comfortable environment for forming a hacker's identity. In the
global network, there are a number of resources designed to teach hacking
skills, in particular, sites http://dfiles.ru, https://ru.wikihow.com,
https://kak-bog.ru, as well as media files in the You Tube channel. In the ХХI
century, the process of institutionalization of hackers is rapidly growing,
although they still strictly observe the principle of anonymity (instead of
their own names, they use aliases such as"«Ludichrist». «Sicko», «Рacket

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Rat» etc.). Regularly operating hacker communities are created, they have
their own websites and magazines - «Access All Areas», «Cryрt NewsLetter's
Home Рage» («Popular cryptographic news»),» Old and New Hackers»,
«Chaos Commuter Club» [2].

However, it should be pointed out that in addition to the negative links

between hackers and criminal groups, there has been a clear trend of
interaction between the hacker movement and state and commercial
structures. They are attended by representatives of state security agencies
and administrators of major companies. Moreover, some of the well-known
hackers are actively involved in state and international information security
organizations. For example, the president and founder of the «Chaos
Comрuter Club» Andy Mueller-Megan is a member of the world organization
that «ICANN» (Internet Corporation for assigned names and numbers).
Organized hacker schools of all levels for children (civil hacker school),
students (foundstone-s hacking school) briefings (black hat briefings,
ethical hacking).

In our opinion, this experience would be useful for the Republic of

Uzbekistan. Interaction and close cooperation of hackers with state and law
enforcement agencies, organizations and institutions will not only ensure
the effective detection and prevention of cybercrime, but also contributes to
the correction of offenders, their transition from the category of «offenders»
to the category of «corrected» persons. In turn, practice shows that many
professional hackers are excellent specialists and masters of their craft,
often commit crimes out of self-interest, rarely pursuing political or other
goals, and some of them commit offenses out of a sense of fun or interest.
According to research on cybercrime in 2014-2017 conducted by Group IB,
almost all cybercrimes are aimed at obtaining financial benefits in the
simplest possible way, namely, 98% of information crimes are committed
for self – interest (theft, blackmail, extortion, fraud), 1% - for the purpose of
acquiring information and cyberterrorism, respectively [5].

This practice also corresponds to the state youth policy in the Republic

of Uzbekistan. As noted by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Sh. Mirziyoyev, «At the same time, all of us as parents, mentors and teachers
are well aware that in these difficult and difficult times, the issue of
educating young people remains an important and urgent task for us.
Therefore, we have no right to make mistakes in ensuring the legitimate
rights and interests of our youth, their education and upbringing. Mistakes
in this matter mean treason to our children, the Motherland» [9]. Therefore,
the active involvement of young hackers in the activities of state and,
especially, law enforcement agencies will have a positive impact on the
criminal situation in the Republic.

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In these circumstances, social measures that are aimed at creating

awareness of the dangers and negative consequences of crimes in the field
of information technology and security become important.

The main task of the state is to prepare young professionals for the

conditions of life and professional activity in the information society, teach
them to act in this environment, use its opportunities and protect
themselves from negative impacts.

To solve this problem, the Tashkent State law University and its branch,

the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan
and other universities have created an appropriate material and technical
base, specialized departments and information resource centers are actively
functioning, but further improvement of their training programs is required
in accordance with modern realities.

At the same time, it should be noted that many current problems of

informatization of society are not adequately covered in the process of
training and retraining of young employees, which do not fully meet the
modern reality and requirements of life. This alarming fact should be the
focus of attention of both the teaching staff of law enforcement agencies, As
well as politicians and statesmen of our country, since the quality of
education is not only a humanitarian problem, but also a strategic factor in
the socio - economic development of the country and ensuring its national
security. In this regard, it is proposed to open a new faculty on the basis of
the Academy of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of Uzbekistan
to train narrow-profile specialists in the field of detection, investigation,
prevention and counteraction of computer crimes in GENERAL. In addition,
at the initial stage, it is possible to limit the introduction of the inter-
departmental discipline «Countering crimes in the field of information
technology and cybersecurity». This special discipline will allow cadets to
develop scientific and practical skills in countering crimes in the field of
information technology, computer crime and security.

Taking into account the scale of the problem, the dynamic growth of

cybercrime in the world, as well as the emergence of real risks and threats
for the entire public, especially for young people, there is a need to radically
revise programs and methods for training and retraining specialized
personnel in this area. The moment has come when national universities
must consolidate and respond in a timely manner to the growth of
cybercrime.

In order to implement unitary enterprise of the Republic of Uzbekistan

from April 29, 2020 № 5987 «On additional measures for radical
improvement of legal education and science in the Republic of Uzbekistan»,
and also taking note of the ongoing in the Republic's public-political, socio-
economic and judicial-legal reform, including in the sphere of legal

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education should deeply study and implement best scientific and practical
international experience in the field of training advanced personnel for the
law enforcement bodies of the Republic.

References
1.

http://m.xabar.uz/ru/yangiliklar?min=1&load=6100

2.

http://psyfactor.org/lib/vershinin4.htm

3.

http://www.statista.com/statistics/272365/age-distribution-of-

internet-users-worldwide/

4.

http://www.vestifinance.ru/articles/83789

5.

https://psm7.com/security

6.

https://russian.rt.com/inotv/2015-10-20/CNN-YUnie-hakeri-

vzlomali-direktora

7.

https://tass.ru/obschestvo/7080150

8.

https://xakep.ru/2016/07/19/13108/

9.

Выступление Президента Республики Узбекистан Ш.Мирзиёева

на сессии Самаркандского областного Кенгаша народных депутатов от
10 ноября 2017 года (http://press-service.uz/ru/lists/view/1223). 9.
Speech of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan sh. Mirziyoyev at the
session of the Samarkand regional Kengash of people's deputies on
November 10, 2017

10.

Указ Президента Республики Узбекистан от 29 апреля 2020

года № УП-5987 «О дополнительных мерах по кардинальному
совершенствованию юридического образования и науки в Республике
Узбекистан». Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated
April 29, 2020 № 5987 «On additional measures to radically improve legal
education and science in the Republic of Uzbekistan».

Shukhrat Ruzinazarov, doctor of law, Professor Tashkent state university

of law, Uzbekistan

TRENDS AND DEVELOPMENT OF LEGAL REGULATION OF FOREIGN

INVESTMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN.

Sh. Ruzinazarov

Abstract: The zone of dynamic development of applied science and

industry is a technology park that creates the most favorable conditions for
business and provides an opportunity to use research, design and
application of new digital technologies. The main goal of creating innovation
centers is to create favorable conditions for the formation and development
of digital technologies. This is based on the effective use of information and
communication technologies, scientific and educational integration and
industrial integration.