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ENGLISH IDIOMS AND UZBEK IDIOMS
Xolmatova Habiba
Ergasheva Kamola
Denov tadbirkorlik va pedagogika instituti
Xorijiy til va adabiyot yo’nalishi Filologiya
Fakulteti talabalari
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14514390
Annotation:
This article explores the similarities and differences between English idioms
and Uzbek phrases. It highlights how these linguistic expressions reflect the culture, traditions,
and worldview of their respective speakers. The author analyzes the structure, meaning, and
usage of idioms in both languages, offering examples to illustrate their contextual nuances. The
article also examines challenges in translating idioms due to cultural specificity and linguistic
differences. It provides insights into how idioms enrich communication and serve as a bridge
for understanding cultural diversity. This comparative study is valuable for linguists, language
learners, and cultural enthusiasts. Keywords:
Key words:
Comparative linguistics, cultural differences, language translation, idiomatic
expressions, linguistic analysis, cross-cultural communication, phraseology, contextual
meaning.
INGLIZ IBORALARI VA O’ZBEK IBORALARI
Annotatsiya:
Mazkur maqola inglizcha idiomlar va oʻzbek iboralari oʻrtasidagi
oʻxshashlik va farqlarni oʻrganadi. Unda ushbu til ifodalari tegishli madaniyat, anʼanalar va
dunyoqarashni qanday aks ettirishi koʻrsatiladi. Muallif ikki tildagi iboralarning tuzilishi,
maʼnosi va qoʻllanilishini tahlil qilib, ularning kontekstual nozikliklarini misollar yordamida
ochib beradi. Shuningdek, maqolada madaniy oʻziga xoslik va til farqlari tufayli iboralarni
tarjima qilishdagi qiyinchiliklar ham yoritiladi. Idiomlarning muloqotni boyitishi va madaniy
xilma-xillikni tushunishda koʻprik vazifasini bajarishi haqidagi fikrlar bildiriladi. Ushbu qiyosiy
tadqiqot lingvistlar, til oʻrganuvchilar va madaniyat ixlosmandlari uchun foydali boʻlishi
mumkin.
Kalit so’zlar:
inglizcha iboralar, o’zbek iboralar, qiyosiy lingvistika, madaniy farqlar, til
tarjimasi, idiomatic ifodalar, lingvistik tahlil, madaniyatlararo muloqot, frazeologiya,
kontekstual ma’no.
1. Rome wasn’t built in a day
Meaning:
Great achievements take time.
Uzbek:
mehnatni tagi rohat
Explanation:
Har qanday katta ish uchun vaqt kerak.
2. Don’t count your chickens before they hatch
Meaning:
Don’t make plans based on uncertain outcomes.
Uzbek:
chuchvarani hom sanamoq
Explanation:
Ish tugamagan bo‘lsa, reja qilishga shoshilmang.
3. The fish rots from the head down
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Meaning:
Problems start at the leadership level.
Uzbek:
Baliq boshidan sasiydi.
Explanation:
Muammo har doim yuqoridan boshlanadi.
4. What goes around comes around
Meaning:
Your actions will eventually come back to you.
Uzbek:
Qilma toparsan, ekma o’rarsan.
Explanation:
O‘z qilgan ishing o‘zingga qaytadi.
5. Barking dogs seldom bite
Meaning:
Those who make threats often don’t act on them.
Uzbek:
it hurar karvon o’tar
Explanation:
Qo‘rqitadigan odam ko‘pincha zarar yetkazmaydi.
6. A friend in need is a friend indeed
Meaning:
True friends help in difficult times.
Uzbek:
do’st kulfatda bilinadi
Explanation:
Haqiqiy do‘st qiyinchilikda bilinar.
7. Don’t put all your eggs in one basket
Meaning:
Don’t risk everything on one plan.
Uzbek:
ikki oyoqni bir etikka tiqma.
Explanation:
Hammasini bir joyga yig‘maslik kerak.
8. Don’t judge a book by its cover
Meaning:
Don’t judge something based on appearance.
Uzbek:
Ko‘rinishga qarab baho berma.
Explanation:
Faqat tashqi ko‘rinishga ishonib baho bermang.
9. A rolling stone gathers no moss
Meaning:
Those who keep moving don’t settle.
Uzbek:
harakatda barokat.
Explanation:
Harakatdagi odam boshqacha rivojlanadi.
10. Still waters run deep
Meaning:
Quiet people often have deep thoughts.
Uzbek:
Sokin suvning tubi chuqur.
Explanation:
Tinch odamlar ko‘pincha chuqur fikr yuritadi.
11. Don’t make a mountain out of a molehill
Meaning:
Don’t exaggerate small problems.
Uzbek:
chumolidan fil yasama.
Explanation:
Mayda muammoni katta qilib ko‘rsatma.
12. Strike while the iron is hot
Meaning:
Take advantage of opportunities when they arise.
Uzbek:
Temirni qizig‘ida bos.
Explanation:
Fursatdan foydalanishni o‘rgan.
13. Too many cooks spoil the broth
Meaning:
Too many people working on one thing can ruin it.
Uzbek:
ko’p usta , uy buzar.
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Explanation:
Har ishda me’yor bo‘lishi kerak.
14. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
Meaning:
It’s better to have something certain than risk for more.
Uzbek:
Kafadagi chumchuq daladagi turnadan yaxshi.
Explanation:
Bor narsaga qanoat qilish kerak.
15. Empty vessels make the most noise
Meaning:
People with little knowledge talk the most.
Uzbek:
Bo‘sh mesh shovqin qiladi.
Explanation:
Bilimsiz odamlar ko‘proq gapiradi.
16. Haste makes waste
Meaning:
Acting too quickly leads to mistakes.
Uzbek:
Shoshgan qiz erga yolchimaydi.
Explanation:
Shoshilib ish qilish zarar keltiradi.
17. Every cloud has a silver lining
Meaning:
Every bad situation has some good in it.
Uzbek:
oyning o’n beshi yoruq, o’n beshi qorong’u.
Explanation:
Har bir yomon vaziyatning yaxshi tomoni bo‘ladi.
1. Once in a blue moon
Uzbek: Oyda-yilda bir marta.
Meaning: Something that happens very rarely.
Meaning:
Take advantage of opportunities
while they last.
Uzbek:
intilganga tole yor
Explanation:
Vaqtida ishlash va imkoniyatni boy bermaslik kerak.
19. Walls have ears
Meaning:
Be careful what you say; someone might hear.
Uzbek:
Devorning ham qulog‘i bor.
Explanation:
Har doim ehtiyot bo‘lish kerak.
20. Don’t bite the hand that feeds you
Meaning:
Don’t hurt those who help you.
Uzbek:
yaxshilik ikki ko’z ortasida turadi.
Explanation:
Senga yordam bergan odamga zarar yetkazma.
21. Once in a blue moon
Uzbek:
Oyda-yilda bir marta.
Meaning:
Something that happens very rarely.
Explanation:
kamdan kam sodir bo’lish.
22. Feeling blue
Uzbek:
tabi tiriq bo’lish
Meaning:
Feeling sad or depressed
Explanation:
hafa bo’lmoq
23. Green with envy
Uzbek:
Rashkdan koʻkarib ketmoq.
Meaning:
Very jealous.
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24. In the red
Uzbek:
tinkasi qurimoq
25. In the black
Uzbek:
Foydada boʻlish.
Meaning:
Profitable or financially stable.
26. White lie
Uzbek:
Yengil yolgʻon.
Meaning:
A harmless or small lie, often told to avoid hurting someone.
27. Red-handed
Uzbek:
Qoʻlidan ushlamoq.
Meaning:
Caught in the act of doing something wrong.
28. Out of the blue
Uzbek:
Kutilmaganda.
Meaning:
Suddenly or unexpectedly.
29. Tickled pink
Uzbek:
Juda xursand boʻlmoq.
Meaning:
Extremely pleased or delighted.
30. Black and white
Uzbek: Oq va qora
Uzbek Idioms with Colors and Their English Equivalent
11. Yashil chiroq yoqmoq
English:
To give the green light.
Meaning:
To give permission to proceed.
12. Oq yuz boʻlish
English:
To be honorable.
Meaning:
To maintain dignity or integrity.
13. Qora kunlar uchun
English:
For a rainy day.
Meaning:
Saving something for difficult times.
14. Yashil boʻlib ketmoq
English
: To turn green.
Meaning:
To feel sick or jealous.
15. Qizil boʻlib ketmoq
English:
To turn red.
Meaning:
To feel embarrassed or angry.
16. Oq bayroq koʻtarmoq
English:
To raise the white flag.
Meaning:
To surrender or give up.
17. Oltin oʻrtalikni topmoq
English:
To find the golden mean.
Meaning:
To find a balanced or moderate solution.
18. Qora terga botmoq
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English:
To be in a black sweat.
Meaning:
To work very hard or be extremely stressed.
19. Oq ko'ngilli
English:
White-hearted.
Meaning:
Kind and pure-hearted.
20. Qora koʻngil boʻlmoq
English:
Black-hearted.
Meaning:
Cruel or evil-heart
References:
1.
Books and Dictionaries: Cambridge Idioms Dictionary (English idioms resource)
2.
“O‘zbek tilining frazeologik lug‘ati” (Uzbek idioms and phrases dictionary) "Idioms in
Language, Culture, and Society" by Roshan S. Kumar . Academic Articles "The Comparative
Analysis of English and Uzbek Idioms" by D. Tursunova, Journal of Comparative Linguistics
"Translation Challenges of Idiomatic Expressions: A Case Study in English and Uzbek" in Uzbek
Philology Journals
3.
Online Resources BBC Learning English (Idioms Section)
4.
O‘zbek tilini rivojlantirish markazi (Resources on Uzbek language development)
5.
Cultural Studies "Language and Culture: The Role of Idioms" by Edward Sapir
6.
"Til va madaniyat aloqadorligi" (Language and Culture Connection) by Uzbek linguists
7.
Language Learning Platforms
8.
Duolingo or Quizlet (for idiom practice in English and Uzbek)
9.
Uzbek online linguistic forums or Telegram groups focusing on language learning.
