Том 4 № 15 (2025)

Ushbu maqolada bolalar bog'chasida ta'lim jarayonida raqamli vositalardan foydalanish va bolalarda qaramlik xavfi o'rtasidagi munosabat o'rganilgan. Adabiyotlar tahlili natijasida ta'lim maqsadlarida qo'llaniladigan raqamli texnologiyalarning bolalarda qaramlik rivojlanishiga ta'siri aniqlangan. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatadiki, raqamli vositalardan noto'g'ri va ortiqcha foydalanish bolalarda texnologik qaramlik xavfini oshiradi. Maqolada maktabgacha ta'lim muassasalarida raqamli vositalardan xavfsiz va samarali foydalanish strategiyalari tahlil qilingan.

The article is devoted to studying the syntactic features of the advertising text, which reflects the active processes in the modern Uzbek language system. The paper analyzes external, internet, and TV advertising texts.

After our glorious homeland gained independence, unprecedented changes took place in the system of continuing education, as in all spheres. Continuing education is a holistic educational system consisting of logically interconnected and mutually reinforcing stages, developing from simple to complex, one of its main components is the school. As the main component of the continuous education system, the school today has the main task of educating and educating students, the future of our country, in accordance with current state educational standards, and realizing the constitutional right of the individual to education.

This article  examines how Jane Austen’s works portray strong, independent female heroines who defy the social mores of the late 18th and early 19th century.  The research shows how Austen depicts women who value reason, self-respect, and personal autonomy via an examination of characters like Elizabeth Bennet, Emma Woodhouse, and Elinor Dashwood.  These characters establish their uniqueness and morality while navigating the limitations of gender norms.  The article  makes the case that, in a patriarchal culture, Austen’s writings quietly support a higher appreciation of women’s intelligence and independence. 

This thesis provides information about the forms and causes of destructive behavior, its negative and positive effects on society, and its manifestations in age characteristics. It also discusses corrective and preventive measures for destructive behavior.

Maqolada ayrim xorijiy davlatlarda transport vositalari harakati yoki ulardan foydalanish xavfsizligi qoidalarini buzish jinoyatlarini tergov qilishda qo’llanilayottgan ayrim zamonaviy texnika vositalari borasida muallifning fikr-mulohazalari bayon etilgan.

This study examines the gender-specific characteristics of euphemisms in contemporary English, exploring how linguistic politeness strategies vary between male and female speakers. Through a corpus-based analysis of 500 euphemistic expressions collected from various sources including media, literature, and recorded conversations, this research investigates the relationship between gender and euphemistic language use. The findings reveal significant differences in euphemism selection, frequency of use, and semantic domains between male and female speakers. Women tend to employ euphemisms more frequently, particularly in areas related to bodily functions, sexuality, and emotional states, while men show preference for euphemisms in professional and aggressive contexts. These patterns reflect broader sociolinguistic tendencies regarding gender roles, politeness norms, and social expectations. The study contributes to understanding how gender influences linguistic choices and the role of euphemisms in maintaining social harmony while expressing potentially face-threatening concepts.

This article discusses the theoretical and methodological foundations of the introduction of innovative pedagogical technologies in the process of teaching music theory. The methods of adapting traditional teaching methods to modern requirements, deepening students' theoretical knowledge through interactive methods, such as problem-based learning, cluster methods, brainstorming, project work and the use of ICT tools are analyzed. It also shows the possibilities of developing musical thinking through interdisciplinary integration, independent research-based tasks, virtual platforms and multimedia tools. The article summarizes the experiences of teaching such theoretical concepts as musical literacy, rhythm, pitch, intervals, tonality based on modern methods. The conclusion puts forward practical recommendations on the effectiveness of new teaching methods and their implementation in the educational process.

Послеоперационные когнитивные расстройства у пациентов, перенесших нейрохирургическое вмешательство по поводу опухолей головного мозга, существенно влияют на их повседневную активность и социализацию. Целью данной работы стало изучение нейропсихологического профиля пациентов в позднем послеоперационном периоде. Анализ проведён с использованием комплексного тестирования, охватывающего основные когнитивные домены.

Ushbu maqola gender diskriminatsiyasi nima ekanligi, uning jamiyatdagi salbiy ta’sirlari, unga qarshi qanday choralar ko‘rish kerakligi va bu yo‘lda ma’naviyatning qanchalik ahamiyatga ega ekanligi ilmiy-nazariy asosda tahlil qilinadi. Maqolada zamonaviy jamiyatda gender diskriminatsiyasining ko‘rinishlari, uning ijtimoiy va shaxsiy salbiy oqibatlari, shuningdek, ma’naviyatning bu jarayonga qarshi kurashdagi o‘rni tahlil qilinadi. Shu bilan birga, ma’naviyatni inson qadriyatlarini rivojlantirish, teng imkoniyatlar asosida ijtimoiy barqarorlikni ta’minlash vositasi sifatida ko‘rsatuvchi ushbu maqolada aynan ma’naviyat gender tengligi sari olib boruvchi transformatsion strategiya sifatida tahlil qilingan.. Adabiyotlar tahlili, kontent-tahlil, falsafiy-tarixiy tahlillardan foydalanilgan holda xulosa qismida ma’naviyatning gender rollaridagi ahamiyatini oshirish bo‘yicha tavsiyalar taqdim etilgan.

This article analyzes the relevance of teaching English in medicine in the 21st century and the advantages of an integrated approach. Since clinical protocols, scientific studies and treatment methods published by World Health Organizations are mainly in English, there is an increasing need for medical professionals and students to master this language perfectly. The article examines the ESP (English for Specific Purposes) approach and methods of integrating English with medical sciences, emphasizing the role of interactive teaching methods in increasing the effectiveness of education. Through integrated education, students will not only be able to correctly use medical terminology, but also understand international scientific sources, independently analyze modern treatment protocols, and effectively communicate with foreign colleagues. Thus, teaching English in the medical field plays an important role in training high-quality medical personnel and increasing the prestige of the healthcare system in the international arena.

Ushbu maqolada hayvonot dunyosining inson hayoti va tabiatdagi o‘rni, ularning yo‘qolib borishiga olib kelayotgan ekologik muammolar, inson faoliyatining salbiy ta’siri, shuningdek, Qizil kitob, qo‘riqxonalar, veterinariya xizmatlari va tarbiyaviy yondashuvlar orqali hayvonlarni muhofaza qilish choralari tahlil qilingan. Maqola nafaqat ekologik, balki axloqiy va ijtimoiy nuqtai nazardan ham muhim yondashuvlarni qamrab oladi.

This paper explores the theoretical foundations of national and regional security studies, emphasizing their impact on sustainable interstate relations. As security challenges escalate social, economic, and political tensions, the need for systematic analysis has grown. The development of research centers and think tanks has contributed to the evolution of security studies, especially after World War II and during the Cold War. Modern security concepts increasingly link sovereignty with security, influencing global policy frameworks. The study focuses on three influential theoretical schools-the Copenhagen, Welsh, and Paris Schools-highlighting their contributions to reshaping traditional security paradigms through interdisciplinary and critical approaches.

Ushbu maqolada “ona” konsepti turli tillarda va madaniyatlarda qanday lingvomadaniy assotsiatsiyalar orqali ifodalanishi tahlil qilingan. Tahlil doirasida o‘zbek, rus va ingliz tillaridagi “ona” konsepti bilan bog‘liq asosiy konnotatsiyalar, metaforik ifodalar, frazeologik birliklar hamda milliy-madaniy qadriyatlar o‘rganildi. Tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko‘rsatadiki, “ona” obrazi barcha tillarda umuminsoniy g‘oyalarga – mehr, himoya, fidoyilik, hayot manbai kabi tushunchalarga bog‘liq bo‘lsa-da, ularning til vositalarida ifodalanishida milliy-madaniy tafovutlar mavjud. Maqolada assotsiativ eksperimentlar, paremiologik birliklar va lingvokognitiv yondashuvlar asosida konseptning umumiy va o‘ziga xos jihatlari yoritilgan.

This paper explores the development of digital educational technologies through the lens of innovative pedagogical and technological approaches. The rapid advancement of digital tools in education has transformed traditional learning environments into more interactive, student-centered, and adaptive ecosystems. This study aims to analyze the integration of innovative methods such as blended learning, AI-based adaptive platforms, gamification, and augmented reality in shaping digital learning technologies. A combination of theoretical analysis and practical case studies highlights the significance of innovation in enhancing learning outcomes, increasing student engagement, and improving accessibility. The findings suggest that a strategic and innovative design of digital educational systems leads to more effective and inclusive learning experiences.

Mazkur tezisda boshlang‘ich sinf darslarida integratsiyalashgan yondashuv asosida fanlararo bog‘liqlikni shakllantirish masalasi ko‘rib chiqilgan. Tadqiqotda turli fan elementlarini yagona dars tuzilmasiga uyg‘unlashtirish orqali o‘quvchilarda tizimli fikrlash, mantiqiy bog‘lanishlarni anglash va o‘zaro aloqador bilimlarni qo‘llay olish ko‘nikmalarini rivojlantirish usullari tahlil etiladi. Amaliy tajriba jarayonida darslar matematika, ona tili, tabiatshunoslik, texnologiya kabi fanlar bilan bog‘liq holda olib borildi. Integratsiyalashgan darslar o‘quvchilarning darsga qiziqishini oshirgani, bilimlarni real hayot bilan bog‘lashga yordam bergani kuzatildi. Ushbu yondashuv ta’lim jarayonining samaradorligini oshiradi va o‘quvchini har tomonlama rivojlantirishga xizmat qiladi.

This article explores the key methodological and pedagogical principles for developing lexical competence in learners of English, with a focus on industry-specific vocabulary related to Information and Communication Technology (ICT). Lexical competence—understood as the ability to effectively recognize, understand, and apply vocabulary—plays a crucial role in the professional development of students, particularly in technical and vocational education. The study emphasizes contextual learning, cognitive scaffolding, corpus-based teaching, and multimodal instruction as effective strategies.

Ushbu tezisda mehnat munosabatlarida attestatsiyaning mazmun-mohiyati, uning huquqiy asoslari va amaliy ahamiyati keng tahlil qilinadi. Attestatsiya xodimlarning kasbiy malakasini baholash, ularni rag‘batlantirish, mehnat unumdorligini oshirish  hamda mehnat shartnomasiga o‘zgartirishlar kiritishda muhim omil sifatida namoyon bo‘ladi. Maqolada O‘zbekiston Respublikasi mehnat qonunchiligi va xorijiy tajribalar asosida attestatsiya jarayonining huquqiy muammolari va ularni hal etish yo‘llari o‘rganiladi. Shuningdek, mehnat qonunchiligini takomillashtirish hamda attestatsiya jarayonini yanada shaffof va adolatli tashkil etish bo‘yicha ilmiy va amaliy tavsiyalar ishlab chiqilgan.

This article analyzes the profound symbolic and narrative function of the dog, Qoplon, in Said Ahmad's satirical Uzbek short story of the same name. Far from a mere animal companion, Qoplon transcends its literal role to become a central metaphor for human vices, particularly sycophancy and opportunism. The analysis explores how Qoplon is initially introduced as a symbol of superficial status, then functions as a tool for the character Qurbonboy's calculated flattery, and ultimately embodies Qurbonboy's unprincipled nature through its transferable loyalty. The article highlights how Said Ahmad uses the dog to critique societal hypocrisy and the transactional nature of relationships based on power, delivering a sharp and memorable commentary on human folly and the dangers of unbridled opportunism.

Mazkur maqola leksikologiyaning frazeologiyaga oid bo‘limiga bag‘ishlanigan bo‘lib, unda ingliz va o‘zbek tillaridagi kiyim-kechak nomlari ishtirok etgan frazeologik va idiomatik birliklar lingvomadaniy jihatdan qiyosiy tahlil qilinadi. Shu bilan bir qatorda, har bir millatning mentaliteti, madaniyati, urf-odatlari va an’analarini yaqqol ifodalovchi frazeologik vositalarning o‘ziga xos xususiyatlari ikki til (ingliz va o‘zbek tillari) nuqtai nazaridan ochib berilgan, hamda frazeologik birliklar haqida muhim ma’lumotlar taqdim etiladi.

Ushbu maqolada o‘smirlik davrida yuzaga keladigan psixik jarayonlarning rivojlanish jarayonlarining umumiy tafsifi bayon etilgan. O‘smirlik inson hayotining eng muhim va murakkab bosqichlaridan biri bo‘lib, bu davrda shaxsning ichki dunyosi, hissiy holati, ijtimoiy munosabatlari va mustaqil fikrlash qobiliyati jadal rivojlanadi. Maqolada o‘smirlik davrining yosh chegaralari, biologik, emotsional va kognitiv rivojlanish jihatlari, shuningdek, bu davrga xos bo‘lgan muammolar va ularni bartaraf etish yo‘llari tahlil qilinadi. Ayniqsa, o‘smirlarning o‘z-o‘zini anglashga bo‘lgan intilishi, shaxsiy va ijtimoiy identifikatsiya jarayonlari, ota-ona va atrof-muhit bilan bo‘lgan munosabatlarning psixik rivojlanishga ta’siri chuqur o‘rganilgan. Mazkur maqola pedagoglar, maktab psixologlari, ota-onalar hamda yoshlar bilan ishlaydigan mutaxassislar uchun foydali nazariy va amaliy tavsiyalarni taqdim etadi. Psixik rivojlanishdagi o‘zgarishlarni erta aniqlash va to‘g‘ri yo‘naltirish orqali o‘smirlarning sog‘lom ijtimoiylashuviga erishish mumkinligi ta’kidlangan.

The linguodidactic foundations of forming writing skill in English is  a vital theme  for learners to be taught writing process. Because linguodidactics is the field of language that teach goals  and tasks of languages and writing is one parts of all languages in the world. That's why while you reading this article, you have a chance to know about some linguodidactic methods and approaches of writing skill and their individual features.

Ushbu maqola iboralarning asarda qo‘llanilgan vaqtdagi semantik ma’nosini ochib berishga qaratilgan.

В данной статье рассматривается место рекламных текстов в классификация и типология текстов

This expanded article delves deeply into the pharmaceutical manufacturing process, examining the global and national regulations, quality assurance mechanisms, clinical and post-marketing evaluations, and the environmental and ethical implications of drug production. It explores the growing role of digital innovations such as AI and bioinformatics in the sector and emphasizes Uzbekistan’s achievements and challenges. A comparative analysis of international best practices is also provided, aimed at informing policy reforms and fostering sustainable pharmaceutical development.

Til — bu nafaqat aloqa vositasi, balki inson tafakkurining ko‘zgusi, dunyoni idrok etish va baholash vositasidir. Lisoniy manzara deganda til orqali ifodalangan va ongda shakllangan voqelik tasavvurlari majmui tushuniladi. Mazkur manzaraning shakllanishida konnotativ so‘zlar, frazeologizmlar, mifologemalar, metaforalar muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Biz ularni adabiy janrlarda ko’rganizmizda badiiy vositalar deb o’rganganmiz, ammo ular tilshunoslik sohasida kognitiv-semantik vositalar sifatida qaraladi. Ushbu maqolada biz bu birliklarning olamning lisoniy manzarasini yaratishda asosiy vosita sifatida qaralishini tahlil qilib, kognitiv tilshunoslik nuqati nazaridan misollar bilan boyitamiz.

This article discusses apprenticeship, which continues the tradition of mentoring and coaching that has been important in human life since ancient times. Today, there is talk about how important the tradition of "Master-disciple" is in the life of the people. The opinions presented in the article were written on the basis of many years of teaching experience, and the opinions and scientific articles of other teachers were used.

Мазкур мақолада жисмоний ҳаракатлар орқали ўзлаштириш (Total Physical Response - TPR) методикасининг инглиз тилини ўргатишдаги ўрни ва аҳамияти таҳлил қилинган. TPR методикаси тил ўрганишда психомоторик жараёнларнинг роли, нейролингвистик асослар ва амалий қўлланилиши жиҳатларидан ўрганилган. Тадқиқот натижаларига кўра, бу методика талабаларнинг тил ўрганишга бўлган мотивациясини ошириш, хотира самарадорлигини яхшилаш ва стресс даражасини камайтиришда муҳим роль ўйнайди.

Послеоперационные когнитивные расстройства у пациентов, перенесших нейрохирургическое вмешательство по поводу опухолей головного мозга, существенно влияют на их повседневную активность и социализацию. Целью данной работы стало изучение нейропсихологического профиля пациентов в позднем послеоперационном периоде. Анализ проведён с использованием комплексного тестирования, охватывающего основные когнитивные домены.

The construction industry plays a vital role in the economic development of any country, serving as a foundation for infrastructure, urbanization, and job creation. However, it is often associated with inefficiencies, delays, and budget overruns. To address these challenges, many foreign countries have adopted innovative and strategic management approaches to enhance operational efficiency, improve quality, and increase competitiveness. This article explores best practices implemented globally to improve the management efficiency of construction enterprises.

В статье рассматривается значение дистанционного обучения, его этапы, методы реализации, роль информации и телекоммуникаций в организации дистанционного обучения.

В  данной статье раскрываются роль фразеологизмов,   дефиниции понятия, система норм литературного языка, а также описана лингвометодическая модель по развитию речевой культуры школьной молодёжи. В данной статье обращается особое внимание формированию речевой культуры студентов в учебном процессе.

This article discusses the character of children with behavioral difficulties and the reasons why they find themselves in such challenging situations and states of depression. Child psychology mainly explores the development of mental processes such as cognition, speech, emotions, and willpower, and how children achieve these traits through various activities such as play, study, labor, and talent development. Psychological processes are studied across different age groups simultaneously. A child perceives the world and their surroundings through the eyes of their parents, making parents responsible figures in a child's upbringing. A child’s behavior, conduct, close friends, and interactions with others should all be carefully monitored by parents.

Effective teaching methods are crucial to improving the quality of education and promoting student engagement. This article explores a range of traditional and modern teaching methods, comparing their advantages, limitations, and applicability in different educational contexts. Emphasis is placed on student-centered approaches such as project-based learning, cooperative learning, and the integration of digital tools. The study provides an overview of current pedagogical trends, supported by a review of recent literature and analysis of practical implementation in classrooms. The results suggest that a blended approach, combining multiple methods, yields the most effective outcomes in diverse educational environments.

This paper explores the dynamic and evolving processes of word formation in modern English. With the rapid development of science, technology, and global communication, English continues to expand its vocabulary through various morphological and lexical means. The study examines the main types of word formation such as derivation, compounding, conversion, clipping, blending, acronym formation, borrowing, and coinage. Each method is analyzed with relevant examples drawn from contemporary English usage, including slang, media, and digital communication. Furthermore, the paper highlights how social and technological changes influence language innovation and the creation of new terms. Understanding these processes is essential not only for linguists but also for language learners, educators, and anyone interested in the structure and adaptability of the English language.

Норационал оксилли овкатланиш аъзо ва тукималарни морфофункционал узгаришларига сабаб булади. Адабиётлардаги маълумотларда норационал оксилли овкатланишларда меъда шиллик каватида кечаётган морфологик узгаришлар етарлича урганилмаган.

В последние десятилетия многие жеящины в силу ряда социальных причин откладывают деторождение на более поздний срок репрогуктивного лериодаэ что ведет к увеличению доли цациеНток с гинекологической патологией, в том числе с миомой матки.

Maqolada pichoqchilik kasb-hunar leksikasidagi terminlar, ularning lingvomadaniy va lingvoareal lisoniy xususiyatlari haqida fikr yuritiladi.

This paper explores the somatic phraseological units in English and Uzbek languages, focusing on how they reflect human social roles and familial relationships. Somatic phraseologisms idiomatic expressions involving parts of the human body—offer deep insights into cultural perceptions and societal values. By conducting a comparative analysis, the study reveals that many body-related idioms in both languages serve as metaphors for human behavior, emotions, and relational dynamics within both societal and domestic contexts. English idioms such as “backbone of the company” or “cold shoulder” convey individual responsibility or emotional detachment, while Uzbek expressions like “tizzasiga o‘tqazmoq” or “ko‘z qulog‘i bo‘lmoq” emphasize intimacy, respect, and collectivist family structures. The study uses a qualitative method, drawing data from phraseological dictionaries and corpora, and analyzes how somatic metaphors mirror cultural frameworks. The findings highlight the significant role phraseology plays in shaping and expressing social and familial worldviews. The article presents theoretical ideas in this regard and proves them with examples.