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ARTISTIC EXPRESSION OF THE HUMAN IMAGE IN UZBEK AND
KARAKALPAK POETRY
Toliboyeva Gulnura Bakhadir kizi
Berdakh Karakalpak State University
Lecturer at the Department of Uzbek Language and Literature
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15972751
Abstract.
This article expresses thoughts on the shared imagery in the
poetry of Abdulla Oripov, the beloved poet of the Uzbek people, and Ibrayim
Yusupov, the crown of Karakalpak poetry. It analyzes the poems of these
creators from two fraternal peoples. The artistic similarities and unique
qualities in the works of prominent Uzbek and Karakalpak creators are revealed
through the example of the human image in literature.
Keywords.
Uzbek poetry, Karakalpak literature, lyrics, image, imagery,
artistry, nationality, commonality, human, lyrical hero.
Just as creators perceive life in various colors, they also depict the human
image in unique tones, in black and white hues. In fact, the human image has
occupied a central place in literature for centuries. Creators have deeply and
artistically reflected the complex inner world of humans, their feelings, thoughts,
place in society, and relationship with reality. Poets have portrayed people in
various ways, using symbols, metaphors, similes, epithets, and other artistic
devices.
In poetry, imagery manifests itself mainly in the form of expressiveness and
descriptiveness. Often they coexist, intertwine, and merge with each other.
Spontaneously inspired experiences - images create expressiveness, while
descriptiveness, as mentioned earlier, is the result of long searches,
experiments, and creative struggles. The world is so vast, so rich, and life is so
diverse that there is always a theme for poetry. However, the reason and
material for these poems must be provided by reality itself. All the images
reflected in the work of the poet Abdulla Aripov, who was gifted with inspiration
and talent by such reality, are artistically complete images. The range of images
in the poet's work is so diverse that it seems as if there is no topic in life that the
creator hasn't addressed, and the resulting system of images itself
is a small universe. The images in Abdulla Aripov's poetry have their own
charm, as an expression of Eastern traditions, they hold an important place in
our literature in terms of being imbued with national spirit, depth, multiple
meanings, and the weight and significance of the "burdens" placed on them.
As A. Oripov emphasized, "Everyone is guided by the light of their own era."
Each era, each culture, and each poet portrays a person in their own way,
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International scientific-online conference
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imbuing them with new meaning and content. In the works of Abdulla Oripov
and Ibrayim Yusupov, human reflections and philosophical views on eternal
questions such as life and death, good and evil, justice and oppression are
expressed. The inner experiences of a person, feelings of patriotism, and human
values are exalted.
True poetry can never reconcile with dry, bare, and repetitively worn-out
ideas. The wings of any original thought and feeling in a poem
are poetic
images
. In this sense, Abdulla Oripov can integrate the complete thought
expressed in the poem into the essence of the image. Then he can emdiv every
remaining fragment, every piece of this thought in the essence of the image.
Sometimes he places such a burden on the images that they awaken the dormant
feelings of the reader, and the poet envelops the reader's consciousness with his
reflections. In this way, he can make the reader a partner in his thoughts.
Let's take a look at his poem "People":
- Hey, traveler, be our guest,
We'll share what we have at home.
Yet you know yourself,
Dusk is falling, and the road is far.
At first glance, the poem seems like a simple life story. The poem's
characters didn't even ask each other's names, but they dined together, "Then
they both share fatherly words, Remembering those who have come and gone."
Thus, overcome by sleep, the one-day guest departs at dawn.
They will even part,
Without even asking each other's names.
Perhaps they will meet again,
Perhaps they will never meet again.
The poet has managed to imbue this simple occurrence with profound
meaning. Our people have proverbs like "A guest is as revered as your father"
and "A guest is a gift from God." A. Oripov has skillfully woven the meanings of
these proverbs into the essence of the poem. In this way, the poet has created a
work that characterizes the hospitality and generosity of his native people. "It
would be incorrect to associate the poet's skill solely with the creation of
imagery and the selection of words. Abdulla Oripov's creative experiences
demonstrate that his poems, in addition to poetic speech, are enriched with life
details, meaningful events, and legends that he aptly employs when necessary,
each of these qualities warranting separate research. These techniques further
enhance his ability to think figuratively. In this sense, one can conclude that
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some of his poems are created based on the principles of both prose and poetry."
In the author's other poems, we can also observe that the image of hospitable,
generous, and sincere people is depicted through real-life events and details.
As we read the poem "People of Our Century," we witness that it reflects
humanity's eternal aspirations, internal conflicts, and struggles for happiness.
The poet has embodied the image of a person through endless human desires
and obstacles encountered in the process of achieving them. It also highlights
the difference between the simple dreams of people from the past and the great
desires of modern humans, as well as their common essence.
Sometimes he's a surgeon at the patient's bedside
Showing his strength against "Taqdiri azal" (predestined fate).
Sometimes he is a brave traveler
Braving the cold Arctic with his chest.
The star of Karakalpak poetry, Ibrayim Yusupov, while creating the image
of a person, imbues it with various meanings based on the aesthetic world of his
time and his people. Even in his poems about pure love, and in his poems about
friendship and brotherhood, an idea, a pain has taken root like thorns. The more
one tries to forcibly uproot it, the more it peeks out from somewhere else,
stretching toward the reader like a flower rushing to the sun. Let's take a look at
the poet's poem "Adam":
When the silver mammoth charged,
"Here!" he shouted loudly.
(This was the very first word then,
He remembered his own mother.)
He hit the animal with a stone,
Showing strength through wisdom and cunning.
But he didn't hit the cub on the trail,
As he remembered his own child...
This was Adam with an animal-like appearance.
What does the poet mean by imbuing animals with human qualities and
humanizing them? In reality, the feeling of pity and compassion is a quality
unique to humankind. Listening to one's heart, not harming others, helping the
weak are exclusively human behaviors. But people of our century have become
so selfish, driven by their own interests and endless desires, that they have
degraded to such an extent that they end up becoming creatures in human form
without even realizing it.
When children were put into the chamber
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"Mama!" they cried out loudly.
(This was their last word)
He threw the handle forcefully,
The vagonette rattling strongly,
Plunged into the crematorium...
This was an animal in human form.
In every poem by I. Yusupov, boundless love for Mother Nature emanates
like the scent of oleaster flowers. Yes, exactly like the scent of oleaster flowers.
Because this scent doesn't give us pleasure, doesn't intoxicate us with its
pleasant fragrance. It causes pain in our hearts. Because the mistakes we have
made and are making are no longer just material. Now these mistakes have
become ingrained in our blood and are undermining our humanity.
In conclusion, Abdulla Oripov and Ibrayim Yusupov are prominent
representatives of modern Uzbek and Karakalpak poetry, respectively, and the
image of man holds particular importance in the work of both poets. For both
poets, man is a being at the center of spiritual exploration. However, while A.
Oripov's search is directed towards philosophical and high spirituality, I.
Yusupov's exploration manifests in confronting life's moral and social problems.
Thus, A. Oripov idealizes humanity, while I. Yusupov seeks the roots of humanity
in simplicity and sincerity. These two perspectives do not contradict each other;
rather, they serve to create a complete picture of the human image.
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