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HOW TO IMPROVE LISTENING SKILLS OF BOTH ESL AND EFL STUDENTS
Turmuhammadova Sevinchxon Abror qizi
Student of Chirchik State Pedagogical University
Akhmedova Muyassar Ataxanova
Scientific supervisor
+998993697122
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15093868
Abstract:
This article provide information about listening comprehension is a major
challenge for ESL and EFL students, often due to limited exposure to natural speech, diverse
accents, and rapid speaking rates. This study examines effective methods to enhance listening
skills in both learning environments. This topic is significant because listening is a key
component of communication, academic achievement, and overall language proficiency. Weak
listening abilities can hinder progress in speaking, reading, and writing. The issue addressed
is the insufficient focus on listening instruction in many language programs, where grammar
and vocabulary are often prioritized. This research explores practical approaches such as
incorporating authentic audio, interactive activities, and digital tools to strengthen listening
comprehension. By implementing these strategies, educators can better equip students to
overcome listening difficulties and develop stronger English proficiency.
Keywords:
Listening comprehension, ESL, EFL, language learning, listening skills,
authentic audio, interactive activities, digital tools, language proficiency, teaching strategies.
Annotatsiya:
Ushbu maqolada tinglab tushunish ESL va EFL talabalari uchun katta
muammo bo‘lib, ko‘pincha tabiiy nutqqa cheklangan ta’sir qilish, turli aksanlar va tez gapirish
tezligi haqida ma’lumot beradi. Ushbu tadqiqot ikkala o‘quv muhitida tinglash ko‘nikmalarini
oshirishning samarali usullarini o‘rganadi. Bu mavzu muhim ahamiyatga ega, chunki tinglash
muloqot, akademik muvaffaqiyat va umumiy tilni bilishning asosiy komponenti hisoblanadi.
Tinglash qobiliyatining sustligi nutq, o‘qish va yozishda muvaffaqiyatga to‘sqinlik qilishi
mumkin. Ko‘rib chiqilayotgan masala ko‘plab til dasturlarida tinglashni o‘rgatishga yetarlicha
e’tibor berilmagani, bu yerda grammatika va lug’atga ustunlik beriladi. Ushbu tadqiqot tinglab
tushunishni kuchaytirish uchun haqiqiy audio, interaktiv harakatlar va raqamli vositalarni o‘z
ichiga olish kabi amaliy yondashuvlarni o‘rganadi. Ushbu strategiyalarni amalga oshirish
orqali o‘qituvchilar talabalarni tinglash qiyinchiliklarini engib o‘tishlari va ingliz tilini
kuchliroq bilishlari uchun yaxshiroq jihozlashlari mumkin.
Kalit so‘zlar:
Tinglab tushunish, ESL, EFL, tilni o‘rganish, tinglash ko‘nikmalari, haqiqiy
audio, interaktiv faoliyat, raqamli vositalar, tilni bilish, o‘qitish strategiyalari.
Introduction:
Listening comprehension is a crucial aspect of language learning, yet it
remains one of the most challenging skills for ESL and EFL students. According to Dhandapani
Renukadevi (2014), “listening, the very basic language skill is consistently interrelated and
intervened with the other language skills-speaking, reading and writing” (p.59). Strong
listening abilities are necessary for effective communication, academic achievement, and
overall language proficiency. However, many learners struggle to understand spoken English
due to factors like unfamiliar accents, rapid speech, and limited exposure to natural
conversations.[1]
This topic is increasingly relevant in today’s interconnected world, where globalization
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and digital communication demand proficient listening skills. English is the most commonly
learned second language, with over 1.5 billion learners worldwide. In educational and
professional
settings, the ability to comprehend spoken English is essential for engaging in
discussions, online learning, and workplace communication.[2] For example, a British Council
study reported that more than 70% of English learners identify listening comprehension as
their greatest challenge. Implementing effective teaching methods is crucial to helping
students improve their listening skills and overall language development.
METHOD
This study employs a qualitative approach to explore effective strategies for enhancing
listening skills among ESL and EFL learners. Data was collected through literature reviews,
teacher interviews, student surveys, and classroom observations. Teachers provided insights
into the instructional techniques they used, while students shared their challenges and
experiences with listening comprehension. Additionally, experimental listening activities
were introduced in classrooms to assess their effectiveness in improving student engagement
and understanding.[3]
The research focused on four key strategies: authentic audio materials, interactive
listening exercises, technology-assisted learning, and real-world exposure. The impact of
these methods was measured by tracking students’ progress and confidence levels before and
after implementation. “Bottom-up processing helps students recognize lexical and
pronunciation features to understand the text” (Wah,2019,p.884). The findings aim to provide
educators with practical approaches to improve listening instruction, helping students
develop stronger comprehension skills and overall language proficiency.
RESEARCH ANALYSIS
The research analysis identifies major obstacles that ESL and EFL learners encounter in
developing listening skills, including limited exposure to natural speech, challenges with
different accents and speech speed, and inadequate instructional techniques. “Teachers know
how important listening is in school, both in learning and as a vital social tool, but in addition
to the work done in the primary grades, very little work is done in schools to teach this skill”
(Geldiyeva, 2022, p.190). Data from teacher interviews and student surveys indicate that
traditional language instruction often emphasizes grammar and vocabulary more than
listening practice, making comprehension difficult for students. Classroom observations
further demonstrated that learners showed greater engagement when exposed to real-world
conversations, interactive exercises, and multimedia materials.
The results suggest that using authentic audio, interactive listening activities,
technology-enhanced learning, and real-world exposure can significantly enhance students’
listening comprehension. Learners who engaged with diverse listening resources exhibited
improved confidence and understanding over time. Additionally, teachers who implemented
these strategies observed increased student participation and motivation. This analysis
highlights the need for incorporating practical and engaging teaching methods to strengthen
listening skills and overall language proficiency.
DISCUSSION
Challenges in Developing Listening Skills .ESL and EFL learners encounter several
difficulties when trying to improve their listening skills. One significant challenge is limited
exposure to authentic spoken English, as classroom instruction often relies on scripted or
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slowed-down speech rather than natural conversations. Additionally, varied accents and rapid
speech can be overwhelming, particularly for learners in non-English-speaking environments.
Moreover, a lack of effective teaching approaches often results in listening skills being
neglected in favor of grammar and vocabulary instruction.
Effective Methods for Enhancing Listening Skills
To address these difficulties, educators can implement several strategies:
1. Using Authentic Audio Resources – Incorporating podcasts, films, and real-life
conversations helps students become familiar with different accents and natural speech.
2. Engaging in Interactive Activities – Exercises like dictation, listening quizzes, and role-
playing can enhance comprehension.
3. Leveraging Technology for Learning – Apps, subtitles, and AI-driven tools provide
personalized listening practice.
4. Encouraging Real-World Listening – Exposure to English in everyday contexts, such as
social media and online discussions, strengthens understanding.
Teachers’ Role in Developing Listening Skills
Educators play a crucial role in improving students’ listening abilities by incorporating
these techniques into lessons. “Listening-really listening to students is critical to the
student/teacher relationship, for knowing their teacher is interested in what they are saying,
makes students feel cared about and emotionally connected to school”(Khaydarova,2023,
p.38). Creating engaging and immersive learning experiences allows students to practice
active listening through discussions and problem-solving tasks. Furthermore, providing
constructive feedback helps learners recognize their weaknesses and build confidence.
By applying these strategies, ESL and EFL students can significantly improve their
listening comprehension, leading to better fluency and communication skills.” Listening,
unlike the other language skills, it is felt comparatively have many challenges by the learners.
There are many sub-skills included in listening. They are receiving, understanding,
remembering, evaluating, and responding” (Latupona and Nikijuluw, 2022, p.11).
CONCLUSION
Listening comprehension is an essential yet challenging skill for ESL and EFL learners.
Difficulties such as limited exposure to natural speech, understanding diverse accents, and the
absence of effective teaching methods often hinder progress. However, by incorporating
strategies like authentic audio materials, interactive listening exercises, technology-based
learning, and real-world exposure, educators can support students in improving their
listening skills
Teachers play a crucial role in fostering an engaging learning environment where
students actively practice listening and receive meaningful feedback. Prioritizing listening
development alongside other language skills enhances overall proficiency, confidence, and
communication abilities. By addressing these challenges with effective approaches, ESL and
EFL learners can strengthen their ability to comprehend spoken English, enabling them to
succeed in academic, professional, and everyday conversations.
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