All articles - Dissertation

Objects of research: 447 patients, from them 68 with chronic purulent middle otitis and 379 with dry meso- and cpitympanitis.
Purpose of research: to estimate efficiency and forecasting of results of various variants of tympanoplasty.
Methods of research: common clinical investigation, voice-frequency threshold and over threshold audiometry, research of hearing in low and expanded range of frequencies, speech audiometry, ultrasound research of hearing, rontgenography of mastoid, computer tomography, otomicroscopy.
Received results and their novelty: at chronic purulent middle otitis it is proved carrying out two stage tympanoplasty - as the first stage reconstructive-sanity operations - atticoantrotomy on to the “closed” type with mastoidoplasty, and as the second stage hear improving operations. The way of laying of a transplant is developed and introduced as the “romashki”, raising efficiency of engraftment and functional results. Efficiency is revealed at carrying out myringoplasty and tympanoplasty on a “dry” car. Developed forecasting criteria, based on the objective data for planned operations.
Practical value: developed the ways of reconstructive-plastic and hear improving operations, estimation of their efficiency and forecasting expected result at patients with chronic inflammatory diseases of middle car.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: results and conclusions of research arc introduced into practice in ENT-dcpartmcnts and polyclinics, in educational process of Tashkent medical academy.
Field of application: otorhinolaryngology.

Subjects of research: Object are vehicles for transportation of mineral oil through pass « Kamchik », a subject - increase of their reliability.
Purpose of work: Increase of efficiency of technical operation of vehicles by transportation mineral oil through pass « Kamchik » at the expense of perfection of a design and increase of operational reliability.
Methods of research: Researches are based on theoretical and experimental methods of the analysis of operational properties of a rolling stock and indicators of properties of reliability. Experimental researches were spent in real conditions of operation with use of methods of under control operation of cars and the mathematical statistics at processing of results.
The results obtained and their novelty: On the basis of the executed researches the scientifically-practical problem on perfection of a design and increase of operational reliability of autotractors is solved.
Practical value:
- The technique of an estimation of fitness of a design and a choice of a rolling stock is developed for transportation of mineral oil through pass « Kamchik », based on theoretical both experimental researches of operational properties and their definition numerical values for autotractors Ford Cargo - 1827, MAZ-642208-020 and ISUZU-EXZ5IK;
- Are defined indicators of properties of reliability and the card of reliability of autotractors Ford Cargo - 1827 and MAZ-642208-020 is developed;
- The rolling stock design is improved at operation in mountain conditions.
- Technological process of maintenance service and car repairs is improved.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity:
- Are introduced at factories "SamAvto" and «MAZ» offers on perfection of a design of autotractors.
- Are introduced in VTC «Avtonefttrans» Fergana Oil refining factory advanced technological process of maintenance service and car repairs.
- Economy efficiency of the work from its applications is 54.66 mln. Sum per year.
- Results of researches in educational process are introduced by preparation of masters on a specialty 5A521205 «Cars and an automobile economy» at discipline studying «Technological base of the enterprises of branch of motor transport» and also at courses of improvement of qualification of technical officers VTC «Avtonefttrans ».
Field of application: Automotive transportation.

Subjects of research: the process of using multimedia technologies, in training children of preparatory groups of pre-school institutions.
Purpose of work: to work out the scientific and methodological bases of using multimedia technologies and methods of effective classes on the base of application of the proposed technology conducting in the pre-school educational institutions.
Methods of research: analysis, dialogue, analogy, pedagogical observation, pedagogical experiment, tests, generalization, mathematical statistics, questionnaire, asking and answering questions.
The results obtained and their novelty: the psychological and pedagogical aspects of using multimedia technologies in the educational process of pre-school institutions were investigated; methodological supply of using multimedia technology in the preparatory groups was set up; methods of playing educational computer games were worked out and criterion of assessing under school age children’s knowledge was elaborated.
Practical value: while multimedia training owing to saving time allotted to conducting classes the amount of teaching material was increased and children acquire lasting knowledge. The children gain literacy, with the help of multimedia aids worked out and used in practice it became possible to write letters, to acquire mathematic and ecological rudiments.
Degree of embed and economic effeetivity: elaborated and used multimedia technologies arc being well applied to the educational process in the pre-school institutions. Application of suggested methodology increases effeetivity of training 1.13 times.
Field of application: preparatory groups of pre-school institutions.

Subjects of research: Fiber-optical systems of transfer of the information, optical units and elements of fiber-optical communication lines (FOCL).
Purpose of work: Research and development of methods of regeneration of optical signals for restoration of their spectral characteristics and strengthenings of intensity by means of AOTF.
Methods of research: Methods of improvement of spectral characteristics FOST, linearization their through passage characteristics with use of filters AORF, testing of separate devices and units FOCL, experimental definition of sizes of distortions of spectral characteristics, statistical processing of experimental results.
1 he results obtained and their novelty: Basic bases of use akusto optical effects for research of spectral characteristics of fiber-optical systems of transfer of the information are established. The technique of optimization of spectral characteristics FOST on the basis of use acoustic optical filters is created. The functional structure of the measuring stand and a complex is developed for researches of parameters FOCL and imitation of the phenomena occuring in real high-speed fiber-optical systems of transfer of the information. The model of the optical radiation approached on the spectral structure to radiation in FOST is created.
Practical value: On application of the received results practical recommendations are developed for indemnification of distortions of a contour of through passage spectral characteristics FOST. Developed the stand and a measuring complex are recommended for researches of spectral characteristics of elements and units FOCL and selection of optimum operating modes.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: Results of work are given for introduction in enterprises of the UzACl, in the telecommunication companies and in educational process of the TUIT.
Field of application: In FOST for improvement of spectral characteristics and for testing elements and units FOCL.

The object of the research: The object of this study is the functional-semantic peculiarities of the case particles in the simple, compound and complex case forms in the aspect of their usage in the category of courtesy and functional styles of the modem Korean language.
The aim of the research: The aim of this study is to identify the grammatical features of the case particles in terms of categories of politeness and functional styles of the modem Korean language and also their functional and semantic features in the simple, compound and complex case forms.
The methods of the research: descriptive and analytical method, component analysis.
The results achieved and their novelty: The results of this study will fill gaps in the theoretical knowledge of the modern Korean language. In-depth knowledge of the theory of grammar studied language will contribute to more efficient development of practical knowledge. First considered: the semantics of words with the case particle in Korean, depending on the position of particles in the word: inflection with the case particle in terms of categories of courtesy and functional styles of the language. The theoretical basis of the classification of case particles in the modem Korean language, considered in the research, as Korean linguists and Korean region’s specialists in CIS countries and the own case classification was offered.
Practical value: Practical significance is that the materials and findings of the research can be used when writing the various studies in the Korean linguistics, in the preparation of teaching aids, as well as in teaching activities in developing special courses and seminars on the Korean language, with lectures on theoretical and practical grammar.
The degree of adoption and economic efficiency: the results were used in the preparation and reading of general, special training courses in bachelor and master: "The grammar of the modem Korean Language”, "Introduction to the special philology”, “A system of case particles of the Korean language”, “Current problems of the Korean Linguistics”, and also included in the electronic version of the text of questions on these subjects. Materials and results, as well as a bibliography of work can be used by specialists in the field of linguistics in research and teaching activities. At present the results of this research arc used in teaching of the normative and theoretical grammar of Korean bachelors and masters of The Tashkent State University of Oriental Studies and also they are used in Uzbek institutes of higher education and language centers to teach the Korean language.
The field of application: the Korean linguistics, theory and practice of translation, general linguistics.

Subject of the research: A. Yakubov's novels “Ulughbek's treasury” and “The Ancient World” and their translations in the Turkish language.
Purpose of work: To reveal and depict the methods and means of transmitting (rendering) national color in the translations of A.Yakubov's novels “Ulughbek's treasury” and “The Ancient World” into the Turkish language as well as to determine the accuracy and adequacy of the translation, individual manner of the translator.
Methods of research: Comparative-Historical and Comparative-Typological methods.
The results obtained and their novelty: Preservance of national color and its transmission in literary translation, particularly in the translation of O.Yakubov's novels in the Turkish language have been researched. Methods and means of translating from closely related languages have been determined.
Practical value: The results of the thesis can be used in training philologists of wide profile, including translators and also in preparation and conducting courses of “The Theory and Practice of Translation”, “Comparative - Translation studies”, “The practice of Literary Translation”, “Translation mastery (skills)”, “The History of Translation”.
Degree of embed: The results of the thesis have been introduced into practice of conducting the courses “Practical work on translation”, “Practical course of the Turkish language”. They have been presented at scientific - practical conferences of Professors Staff of Tashkent State Institute of Oriental Studies during 2001-2010 years, as well as at the International Conferences and symposia, held in Istanbul (2007, 2009) and Ankara (2008). On the thesis there have been published 14 papers.
Field of application: Literary Criticism, Comparative Literary Criticism and Translation studies.

Subjects of the inquiry: adverbial modifier of manner in the Persian language.
Aim of the inquiry: definition of criteria of adverbial modifier, particularly adverbial modifier of manner as a part of speech in the modem Persian literary language, definition of morphological means of expressing adverbial modifier of manner, semantic classification of adverbial modifier of manner and treatment of relations of adverbial modifier of manner with other parts of speech.
Methods of inquiry: structural, semantic, statistical, component analysis.
The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time adverbial modifier of manner in the Persian language was studied in the Uzbek-Iranian studies; structural analysis of means expressing adverbial modifier of manner was conducted and the models of manner was conducted and the models of their formation was presented; the statistic analysis of means expressing adverbial modifier of manner and definition the valence of adverbial modifier of manner with verb predicate were conducted, semantic group of verbs and links of adverbial modifier of manner with verbs of each group were studied.
Practical value: the research materials can be used in further research on the syntax of the Persian language.
Degree of embed and economic cffcctivity: the research results can be used in courses of the theory of Persian language, in teaching the course “Syntax of Persian language for third and fourth-year students”.
Sphere of usage: can be used in preparing special courses for philologists of oriental studies.

Актуальность проблемы. Время, прошедшее после провозглашения государственной независимости Узбекистана, подтвердило правильность избранного республикой курса продвижения по пути прогресса на основе пяти принципов переходного периода, разработанных Президентом Республики Узбекистан И.А.Каримовым. В стране происходит системное преобразование всех сфер экономики, реализация выработанных приоритетов, разгосударствление и приватизация собственности, акционирование предприятий, создается необходимая правовая база для становления рыночных отношений. Реальностью стала многоукладная экономика функционируют рынки товаров, капитала и ценных бумаг. Осуществляется адресная поддержка малообеспеченных слоев населения.
Существенные сдвиги произошли в структуре общественного производства в результате приоритетного развития базовых отраслей: топливно-энергетического, горнодобывающего, металлургического, химико-лесного, машиностроительного, АПК и др. Несмотря на разрыв прежних хозяйственных связей, Узбекистан добился ускорения темпов роста общественного производства. Модель развития, получившая название ’'узбекской'’, приобретает все большую известность в мировом сообществе. ’’Сегодня она признается авторитетными международными экономическими организациями, многими странами мира, а главное - подтверждается самой жизнью.'"
Как подчеркивает Президент Республики Узбекистан И.А.Каримов, "в осуществлении структурной политики важен и ее территориальный аспект, ибо только путем развития в экономически слаборазвитых регионах производственной и социальной инфраструктуры, оптимального размещения производительных сил можно привлечь в эти регионы' дополнительные вложения, преодолеть сложившиеся территориальные диспропорции в уровне, жизни людей, обеспечить комплексное и эффективное использование ресурсного и производственного потенциала".'
С учетом этого в республике неослабное внимание уделяется социально-экономическому развитию регионов, решению актуальных вопросов рационального использования природно-экономических ресурсов.
в этих целях осуществлена перестройка системы деятельности рабочих аппаратов областных хокимиятов - от отраслевой системы к функциональной, на них возложены разработка комплексных программ развития территории, деятельность но углублению реформ в отраслях народного хозяйства и обеспечению повышения благосостояния народа.3 Это особенно важно для регионов, в которых обострились экономические, демографические, социальные и экологические проблемы, К числу таких регионов относится и Хорезмская область.
Социально - экономическое положение области значительно осложнилось в результате однобокого в прошлом развития производительных сил, преобладанием отраслей с ярко выраженной сырьевой направленностью производства. Несовершенство структуры агропромышленного комплекса Хорезмского региона, низкая доля предприятий с законченным циклом производства и выпуском готовой продукции усугубилось резкой неравномерностью размещения производства, значительным сосредоточением промышленного производства в городах и его крайней неразвитостью В сельских районах. Состояние производственной и социальной инфраструктуры селе оставался неразвитым на фоне ухудшения природно-климатических условий, земельно водной и воздушной среды, здоровья населения, обусловленных экологическим бедствием в Приаралье.
Необходимость комплексного развития региона в целях повышение эффективно!с использования ресурсов, обеспечения устойчивости экономического роста и улучшения жизненного уровня населения определили направленность диссертационной работы И актуальность избранной темы.
Цель н задачи исследования. Целью исследования является разработка научно методологических основ и важнейших направлений комплексного развития региона и условиях углубления экономических реформ.
В-соответствии с поставленной целью решены следующие задачи: • изучены экономическая сущность и выявлены объективные предпосылки комплексною развития региона в условиях переходного периода к рынку.
• разработаны научная концепция комплексного развития региона на программно-целевой основе и методология выбора и обоснования приоритетов региональной политики развития производительных сил;
• разработана методология подготовки и реализации региональных, целевых комплексных программ;
• проведен анализ социально-экономического развития Хорезма в условиях изменяющейся демографической и экологической ситуации, а также выявлены резервы и факторы комплексного развития региона;
• обоснованы основные направления совершенствования территориальной организации производительных сил региона,
• разработан многоварнантный прогноз развития производительных сил Хорезмской области на перспективу.
Научная новизна результатов исследования заключаемся в следующем:
• изучены объективные предпосылки комплексного развития региона, выражающиеся в познании их характера, форм преобразований под воздействием рыночных отношений, обусловливающие обеспечение тесного взаимодействия отраслей, перестройку их структуры, связен в целях удовлетворения растущих потребностей регионального рынка на основе стабилизации и дальнейшего роста экономики;
- • уточнено понятие ’’комплексное развитие региона’’, рассматриваемое как процесс последовательного преобразования и совершенствования территориально-отраслевых пропорций на основе углубления территориального разделения труда и экономической
интеграции региона в системе производительных сил республики для наиболее полного удовлетворения растущих потребностей регионального и общереспубликанского рынка в необходимых видах продукции и услуг;
• разработана авторская концепция комплексного развития региона, включающая основные его цели и важнейшие направления их достижения в условиях усиления социальной и экспортной ориентации региональной экономики,
• обоснованы важнейшие приоритеты региональной внешнеэкономической политики на основе принципов рыночной теории внешней торговли, выражающихся в:
• углублении специализации производства с ориентацией на выпуск готовых видов продукции из собственного сырья,
• создании специализированных производств ио выпуску экспортной продукции;
• организации импортозамещающих производств;
• всемерном развитии производств и услуг, имеющих богатые потенциальные возможности и уникальный характер;
• развитии и размещении трудоемких производств, основанных на современной высокоэффективной технологии;
• выявлены закономерности, влияющие на усиление социальной ориентации региональной экономики, рассматриваемых как существенные и повторяющиеся связи процессов:
• отраслевой и территориальной занятости трудоспособною населения;
• отраслевой и территориальной структуры инвестиционно-строительного комплекса;
• структуры и методов территориального и местного управления;
• инфраструктуры Хорезмского рынка, его экономического механизма в соответствии со структурой общественных потребностей региона;
• определены приоритеты отраслевой структурной политику! в промышленности региона, оцениваемые ио критериальным показателям:
• социальным - достигнутому уровню занятости трудоспособного населения и др.;
• экономическим - производству промышленной продукции и платных услуг на душу населения и др.
• обоснованы и выбраны приоритеты территориальной структуры, размещения производительных сил, определяемые путем их оценки через совокупность показателей: доли незанятого населения, объем промышленного производства и услуг, производственных фондов и др.
• обоснован выбор приоритетных видов производства продукции для осуществления эффективных внешнеэкономических связей региона, заключающийся в оценке каждого изделия ио показателям их приоритетности с определением его категории (1-мировой рынок, 2-национальный рынок, 3-региональный рынок, 4-нрекрашение производства);
• усовершенствована методика разработки и реализации upoi раммы комплексного развития производительных сил региона путем определения функциональной, отраслевой и территориальной структуры программы, учитывающей экономические и социальные аспекты развития и размещения производительных сил с учетом их приоритетности;
• разрботана методика прогнозирования развития и размещения производительных сил с учетом длительности экономического цикла и его отдельных фаз, возможною изменения условий и обстоятельств их функционирования (сценарий), а также углубления рыночных отношений, отражающих особенности воспроизводственного процесса и роста потребностей рынка.
Основные выводы и предложения,
1. В условиях перехода на рыночные отношения значительная часть работы но реформированию экономики переносится на уровень регионов и предприятий. Применительно к регионам изучение проблемы их комплексного развития обусловлено всем ходом происходящих в областях и республике социально-экономических преобразований в условиях углубления экономических реформ. Сущность комплексного развития регионов заключается в последовательном изменении территориально-отраслевых пропорций народного хозяйства на основе углубления территориального разделения труда и экономической интеграции региона в систему народнохозяйственного комплекса республики для наиболее полного удовлетворения растущих потребностей регионального и общереспубликанского рынков в необходимых видах продукции и услугах.
2. Комплексное развитие региона обусловливает достижение следующих его социально-экономических приоритетов:
• повышения материального уровня жизни и благосостояния населения; •обеспечения надежных социальных гарантий населению;
•обеспечение макроэкономической стабильности и сбалансированною развития
секторов экономики;
• повышение научно-технического уровня производства и совершенствование отраслевой и территориальной структуры народного хозяйства;
•углубление экономических реформ и перестройку организационной структуры отраслевою и территориального управления хозяйством региона;
• формирование регионального рынка и рыночных отношений в системе воспроизводственных процессов.
3. Для достижения разработанных автором приоритетов региона необходимо осуществить следующие направления его комплексного развития:
• разработка рыночных механизмов обеспечения рациональной занятости трудовых ресурсов и социальной
зашиты населения;
• выбор и обоснования стратегий развития приоритетных базовых отраслей промышленности, сельского хозяйства и непроизводственной сферы,
• формирование новых и ускоренное развитие сложившихся отраслей и производств, основанных на использовании местного сельскохозяйственного и минерального сырья;
• создание новых предметно - замкнутых производств с малоотходной и безотходной технологией но выпуску готовой продукции;
• формирование эффективной рыночной инфраструктуры,
• обеспечение комплексности развития отраслей материального производства и непроизводственной сферы.
4. Усиление экономической самостоятельности регионов обусловливает необходимость экспортной переориентации их развития с внутреннего на внешней рынок. При этом в основу внешнеэкономических связей региона должны быть положены принципы: преобладание экспорта над импортом; учета абсолютных преимуществ прпродно - климатических, географических, демографических и других условий внешней торговли; оотносительности различных факторов производств, обусловливающих развитие в регионе наиболее трудоемких обрабативающих отраслей промышленности, учитывая высокую долю трудовых ресурсов и обеспечение их занятости, относительного преимущества, требующей замены эффективного производства более эффективним на основе прогрессивных технологий Экспортная ориентация региональной экономики обусловливает выбор нриориетных видов потребительских и промышленных товаров, которых целесообразно производит в регионе.
Оценку приоритетности предлагается проводить по всей производимой в области продукции но четырем категориям: 1-предназначена для отбора продукции, направляемой на мировой рынок, П-категория на национальный (республиканский рынок);Ш-набор товаров для регионального рынка; IV-присваивается тем, которые не должны быть производимы или производство которых необходимо приостановить.
5. Структура региональной программы должна содержать’ оценку социально-экономической, экологической ситуации и потенциала территорий, обоснование важнейших направлений комплексного развития производительных сил в условиях углубления экономических реформ; социальные, экономические и экологические цели программы и конкретных мероприятий но обеспечению комплексного развития региона.
6 Важным фактором комплексного развития региона выступает
соцнальноориентированая рыночная экономика,требующая формирования
регионального рынка как органической части республиканского (национального) рынка Узбекистана на основе объективно обусловленных этанов: формирование интегрированного типа рынка (монополистической и чистой конкуренции), создания соответствующей инфраструктуры рынка: финансово-кредитной, банковской, налоговой систем, формирование бирж, инвестиционных фондов, рынка ценных бумаг и др.
7. Прогнозирование макроэкономических показателей комплексного развития производительных сил региона целесообразно осуществлять методом сценария, предусматривающего выработку двух вариантов прогноза: оптимистического и пессимистического При этом следует учитывать: социальную ориентацию рыночной экономики, обеспечение рациональной занятости трудовых ресурсов; ноышение эффективности внешнеэкономических связей региона, развитие экспортных производств на основе прямых иностранных инвестиций, создание совместных предприятий, свободных экономических зон, ускоренное развитие малого и среднего бизнеса; рациональное использование земельно-водных ресурсов и улучшение экологической обстановки.
8 В повышении комплексности развития региона должна быть усилена роль малой экономики, пока еще не ставшей активной и решающей силой региональной экономики. В первую очередь, необходимо обеспечить развития малых и средних предприятий перерабатывающих отраслей промышленности в сельской местности, населенных пунктах для вовлечения в хозяйственный оборот неиспользуемых ресурсов сельскохозяйственного и минерального сырья, на этой основе создания новых рабочих мест и привлечения незанятого населения, особенно молодежи. Этим мерам способствует исторически сложившиеся традиции, навыки и опыт предпринимательства.
9. Важнейшим резервом комплексного развития Хорезмского региона является всемерное использование исторических памятников древней культуры, архитектуры, шедевров восточного зодчества на основе формирования и развития крупного туристического комплекса с мошной индустрией туризма, выделением специальных ее видов -религиозного, молодеясного и др
10. Определяющим фактором развития производительных сил региона выступает рациональное использование земельно-водных ресурсов и улучшения экологической обстановки на основе осуществления следующих мер:
• перехода к интенсивным методам хозяйствования и научно-обоснованной системе ведения водного и сельского хозяйства;
• разработке и внедрения комплекса водосберегающих технологий полива и производства сельскохозяйственных культур, прежде всего риса, пшеницы, хлопчатника и др;
• рацпоналного использования водных ресурсов, внедрения новых прогрессивных технологий в орошении и природопользовании;
• совершенствование организации и управления природопользованием на основе повышения эффективности ирригации и мелиорации, полного прекращения сброса коллекторно-дренажных и сточных вод в реки и водоемы, перехода на широкое использование экономических методов и механизмов рационального использования земельноводных и других ресурсов.
11. Опираясь на важнейшие факторы комплексного развития производительных сил Хорезмского региона разработан оптимистический вариант развития производительных сил на период до 2005 г., предусматривающий радикальные структурные сдвиги в народном хозяйстве, достижение фазы оживления региональной экономики в 199S году с последущнм ее ростом доходов населения. Этот вариант является более предпочтительным по сравнению с пессимистическим и характеризуется более высокими темпами роста валового внутреннего продукта, роизводительности труда, фондоотдачи и прибыли Другая его особенность в полноте учета рыночных законов воспроизводства, и в первую очередь, прогнозной модели экономического роста.
12 Для успешною осуществления целей и важнейших направлений комплексного развития региона необходимо реформирование регионального и местного управления на основе перестройки структуры и методов управления хокимиятов на основе разработки и реализации региональной программы социально-экономического развития на среднесрочную перспективу.
При этом особую роль должны получить экономические механизмы управления реализации программ, включающие: создание организационно-правовой базы по разграничению функций, ответственности республиканских и местных органов управления по регулированию развития производительных сил, усиление роли местных бюджетов и внебюджетных фондов, использование свободных денежных средств, кредитов предприятий и населения за счет развития рынка ценных бумаг, иностранного капитала в финансировании региональных программ.
Учитывая экологическую напряженность, сложных природно-климатических условий, уровень социально-экономического развития необходимо создать региону благоприятных экономических условий для вовлечения государственных, частных, иностранных инвестиций, предоставлять налоговых, кредитных льгот и других стимулов.

Urgency and relevance of dissertation topic. Today, all over the world to the highest level raised agriculture, food production and ensuring its security.
In recent years, a number of activities to create added value by organizing and processing of agricultural products achieved high economic efficiency through the use of new technologies.
Drying is one of the most common ways of processing agricultural products grown. There is a steady increase in demand for dried vegetable ingredients are widely used in cooking. Production of dried foods with high nutritional value, containing large amounts of vitamins, carbohydrates and rich in minerals with minimal destructurized biological components has become an urgent task of today.
In the course of solving this problem arose the need for a resource-saving drying technology, providing the output of interior ha-quality products. Technology development of dry products associated with the implementation of methods of drying in two stages, the use of electro-magnetic fields, infrared and microwave ranges of energy supply.
This research work is performed in accordance with regulations President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № PP-I072 «About measures for implementation of important projects on modernization, technical and technological reequipment of production for 2009-2015», adopted on 12 March 2009 № PP-1633 «On measures to further improve the management of the organization and development of the food industry, laziness Republic in 2012-2015», adopted on 31 October 2011.
Purpose of research is reducing energy costs and improving the quality of the finished product when drying components culinary products.
Scientific novelty of the dissertation research:
the influence of the characteristic methods preliminary temporary short-IR, microwave and infrared microwave process affecting the structure of the object of drying, the state of moisture in the product, its removal during the vacuum infrared drying;
describes a mechanism for focusing the emitted energy of the IR spectrum, pulsed radiation, the magnitude of its length and density, analytical study of the emissivity of the IR emitter in relation dried vegetables, disclosed cyclical energy transformations, the mechanism of ejection pulse energy and maximize the efficiency of the process, the range of the emitted waves and effects including sterilizing at drying vegetables;
formalized mathematical relationship between exposure periods, and breaks through the diffusion coefficient as a result of studies of the effect of temperature gradient and redirect moisture evaporation of moisture due to accumulated heat during pulse heating with simultaneous cooling of the material, thus the redistribution of moisture present in the centre of the specimen in the periphery;
determined by the temperature and the length of vacuum infrared drying vegetables, the limiting factor is the activity in the water;
substantiated role increase osmotically bound moisture sample to establish limits on the length of the period of drying at a constant high speed;
the mechanism of stimulation of the drying process by entering the pretreatment facility and a cascade of drying.
Conclusion
1. The processes of drying designed to study the effect of different methods of exposure to moisture, and must be removed as far as possible at a low temperature in a short time and with minimal energy consumption. The characteristic IR momentary prior methods, microwave and infrared exposure to microwave drying objects, studied their influence on the state of the moisture in the product, its removal in the atmospheric and vacuum infrared drying. Due to the feasibility of finding appropriate methods of drying and to develop constructive recommendations for the rational organization of the process of drying potatoes, carrots and onions.
2. The degree of radiation and the heating temperature of the working body -the radiator, ceramic selected pulse converters. The mechanism of focusing the radiated energy of the IR spectrum, pulsed radiation, the magnitude of its length and density. Discloses a cyclical energy conversion mechanism and a mechanism ejection pulse energy and maximize the efficiency of the process, the range of the radiated waves and effect, including sterilizing at drying vegetables.
3. Describe the effect of redirecting the temperature gradient and moisture evaporation of moisture due to accumulated under pulsed heating of heat while cooling the material, thereby redistribution of moisture at the center of the sample in the periphery. Disclosed mathematical relationship between exposure periods and breaks through the diffusion coefficient.
4. The features of the mechanism of action of electromagnetic fields IR samples were dried in the product, reducing the operating temperature of the evaporation of moisture of up to 50°C.
5. It was established experimentally that in studies of pulsed-mode continuous drying with decreasing levels of energy supply in each subsequent cycle of the vitamin C content in potatoes, carrots and onions are respectively 63.5; 30.26 and 49.74 mg%, sugar 52.5; 52.5 and 72.5%. For the other two modes IR energy supply when drying potatoes, carrots and onions to a moisture content of 10-14% time spent increased by 7%.
6. It is confirmed that the application of pre-cal elektrofizi (infrared, microwave) treating the drying process is accelerated, especially in the short-term IR pre-treatment delayed, the final moisture content of the sample was 9.88% of potatoes, carrots - 8.83%, onion - 12 4%. When using the microwave processing final moisture of the sample is 13.9% of potatoes, carrots - 9.2%, onion - 11.4%. When using a combined infrared microwave - final moisture content of the sample processing potatoes is 12.9%, carrots - 9.8%, onion - 14.08%.
7. IR vacuum drying IR pretreatment reduces drying time of about 30 minutes and reduces temperature of from 65 to 50°C, thereby saving energy costs.
8. Based on the results of laboratory studies, experimental and industrial test developed technological scheme of the primary dried vegetable ingredients, compiled the material balance. The potatoes subjected to experiments (grade «Santa»), carrots (grade «shantane») and onions (grade «karatal») residual amount of sugar increased by 20%, and vitamin C by 13%. Due to improvement of the grade of the finished product at the enterprises «GOLD DRIED FRUITS» and «TOOL PAPER» settlement annual economic effect will be 305.3 million sums on enterprise-yatii SP LLC "Turakurgan Shirinlik Agro" actual effect was 101.5 million with an annual sum the development of 200 tons of dehydrated vegetables.

Subjects of research: natural dammed lakes in Uzbekistan and neighboring mountainous areas, the system of Kurbankul dammed lakes.
Purpose of work: complex hydrometeorological estimation of conditions of mountainous dammed lakes in Uzbekistan and surrounding areas, developing of scientifically well-founded proposals for reducing of their outburst risks.
Methods of research: hydrometeorological analysis, hydrological and hydrogeological calculations, topographic and cartographic methods, geographical similarity and comparisons, mathematic statistics.
The results obtained and their novelty: mountainous dammed lakes were investigated on the basis of hydrometeorological approach, the regularity of their geographical distribution was founded; morphometric indicators of the dammed lake were defined, parameters of landslide dam of the Kurbankul lake were researched; the bottom sediment of the lake was calculated and it’s dynamics was researched; safety extreme water level was defined; factors controlling stability of main dam of the Kurbankul lakes system were characterized, which define the stability of main dam of lake system Kurbankul, the stability of the dam was defined; scientifically well-founded recommendations were worked out and the offers for reducing risk of the main dam failure.
Practical value: the results of dissertation, scientific-methodical recommendations and offers may be used in academic process, on working out the measures on prevention of catastrophic floods, which are possible after dammed lakes outburst, the recommendations can be used by Government committee of hydrometeorology, by organizations of civil protection and for organization of monitoring of dangerous lakes.
Degree of embed and economic effectiveness: the results of dissertation arc included into academic process of Fergana State University and National University of Uzbekistan named by after Mirzo Ulugbek. The results of the research arc used by Fergana regional office of the Ministry to extraordinary situations of Republic of Uzbekistan.
Field of application: hydrological calculations and forecasts, protection of economic structures and inhabited places.

Subjects of research: the literary language of modem Uzbek literature and periodical press, the five-volume “The Defining Dictionary of the Uzbek Language”.
Purpose of work: revealing the spatial relationships among the linguistic units in Uzbek. Defining the means realizing these spatial relationships.
Methods of research: systcmatic-and-structural method, the methods of componcntial analysis, of opposition, of distribution, of classification and of transformation.
The results obtained and their novelty: the scientific novelty of the research is represented by the following:
- the role of the sema of ‘space’ in actualizing syntagmatic relations has been designated;
- the notions of ‘locus’ and ‘localization’ have been introduced into study of Uzbek language;
- the means generated localization relations have been defined;
- the distribution of means revealing localization relations has been found out;
- the semantic differences of loci being in distributional relations have been illuminated.
Practical value: the dissertation results and materials serve as a source in writing textbooks and educational books; in organizing special lecture-courses and seminars intended to systematic studying the language for philology faculties of the higher educational institutions.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: more than 19 scientific articles based on dissertational materials were published and stated at presentation format at republican, inter-university scientific and practical conferences; materials and abstract were published in academic collected books and magazines.
Field of application: process of education, modern Uzbek literary language, the theory of linguistics.

Subject of research: manufacturing of the large size Si(Li) p-i-n and aSi-Si(Li) detector structures.
Purpose of work: investigation the features of formation of the large size high efficiency detector structures with optimal clcctrophysical and radio-metric properties as well as study of new physical mechanisms of influencing for formation their amplitude of energetic spectra.
Methods of research: method of investigation of current-voltage and volt-capacity characteristic of detector structures; method of investigation of features of photovoltagc in nonuniform area of the sensitive regions of Si(Li) p-i-n structure, as well as investigation of the structure research of aSi-Si(Li) interface.
The results obtained and their novelty: physic-technological methods of formation structures with of optimum properties of clectrophysical characteristics and radiometric properties of semiconductor detectors on the base of Si(Li) p-i-n structures and aSi-Si(Li) hcterostucturcs with large area arc developed; on the base of investigation of relaxation photoconductivity processes in Si(Li) p-i-n structure have been carried out that on the some regions of these area was pronounced a “well” on time dependence of photovoltage’s impulse after corresponding photoexcitation is observed; on the basis of analytical calculations of the trajectory of carriers transport in i - area of Si(Li) p-i-n structure where take into account the influence on this process of inhomogeneous potential field it has shown that under such conditions electrons and holes generated as a result of ionization of atoms by nuclear radiation moved forward longer trajectory in electric field direction in sensitive part of semiconductor detector.
Practical value: researched detectors structures Si(Li) p-i-n and aSi-Si(Li) have possess for understanding of physical processes in various large size semiconductor devices as well as practical value for improving of their characteristics.
Degree of embed and economic affectivity: results of investigations had application for optimization of properties of Si(Li) semiconductor detectors at fulfilling contract work with OJSC «UzCRHRM», OJSC «Uzbckchimmash» with total financing around 20 million sum.
Field of application: investigated detector structures have prospects for developing of fundamental and applied problems of nuclear physics.

Subjects of the inquiry: agricultural facilities and the farms, being agricultural commodity producers.
Aim of the inquiry: development of scientifically proved offers and the recommendations directed on perfection of the taxation agricultural and farms in conditions of liberalization of economy.
Methods of inquiry: the comparative analysis, the financial analysis, the system approach, grouping, dynamic numbers, applications of statistical and mathematical.
The results achieved and their novelty; necessity of clearing of the tax for using water resources agricultural facilities (both with formation, and without formation of the legal person) is proved at use of sources of underground waters by them for manufacture of agricultural production; scientific offers on collection of the tax from profit of farms arc developed; practical recommendations on unification of obligatory deductions in trust funds are offered by farms; use of the preferential rate of uniform social payment for farms is proved; with a view of strengthening a material interest of members of farms translation into an one-stage scale of the lax into incomes of physical persons and its collection under the lowest rate of the tax is offered.
Practical value: introduction in practice of scientific offers and the practical recommendations developed in the dissertation, will enable to achieve die effective organization of the taxation farmer and agricultural facilities.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: scientific results research have been accepted by the State tax committee of Republic Uzbekistan (16/2-19, 12.21.2007) for introduction in practice. Materials of the dissertation can be used at perfection of programs of training courses “Theory of the tax” and “Taxes and the taxation” in the high educational establishments.
Sphere of usage: the Ministry of the Republic of Uzbekistan, State Tax Committee, as well as higher education institutions.

Subjects of research: the subject of research is technological processing and forwarding of registered postings.
Purpose of work: automation system development and package of application programs for system management software, record and control of registered postings on the basis of radio-frequency identification.
Methods of research: methods of complex tasks structural representation, functional-structural approach to the system design, methods of automated systems design, bar coding technologies and radio-frequency identification, programming methods and technologies.
The results obtained and their novelty: structurally-topological scheme and functional-structural scheme mathematical model of Automatic Control System of registered postings subsystems, choice procedure of defining parameters of identification technologies and techniques of a desirable technology for Automatic Control System of registered postings, algorithm approach to the optimization of RFID Automatic Control System of registered postings configuration subsystems, registered postings processing algorithms in offered automated system have been developed. The novelty of this research is constructive algorithms development of automation system via technological processing and forwarding of registered postings on the basis of radio-frequency identification.
Practical value: the real value of the work results is in proposed concept of radio-frequency identification technology implementation into Automatic Control System of registered postings, taking into consideration the specification of existing technological processes of Postal Service, developed algorithms and package of application programs for Automatic Control System of registered postings , which will be the basis at radio-frequency identification technology subsystems creation into Automatic Control System of registered postings. Economic efficiency estimation produced from postal service automation technology will be the cause for Automatic Control System deployment.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: research results have been accepted for design work realization at "Halkaro pochtampt" branch of Open Stock Company "Uzbekistan Pochtasi" and expected annual saving rate is 234 mln 186500 sums.
Field of application: The results of research and development work can be used at "Postal Service" enterprises.

Subjects of research: 222 patients with sharp infringement of brain blood circulation on ischemic type in carotid pool.
Purpose the work: Perfection of complex treatment of patients with an ischemic stroke by inclusion of various methods PT in the sharpest and sharp period for the purpose of level decrease disability and improvements of quality of a life of patients
Methods of research: Rheoenccphalography, ncuroophthalmology, dopplcr, electroencephalography, clinical scales for an estimation neurologic syndrome.
The results obtained and their novelty: For the first time in a complex of early rehabilitation actions against mcdicamcntous therapy comparative studying of efficiency of reflexothcrapy is spent to the sharpest, sharp and early rehabilitation the periods of an ischemic stroke at sick of various severity level of a condition. Recommendations about reflexothcrapy carrying out arc developed: with instructions of methods PT, optimum term of the beginning, quantity of courses and duration of a break between reflexothcrapy courses. Influence of complex treatment with application of reflexothcrapy and without its inclusion, on consciousness level, impellent infringements, a psycho-emotional condition, a dream, quality of a life and social adaptation of patients with acute disease of cerebral stroke on ischemic type in the sharp period is studied. The algorithm of forecasting of a condition of the patient after the transferred ischemic stroke is developed.
Practical value: On the basis of the spent researches the technique of rcflcxo-thcrapy on the basis of a combination of various methods of acupuncture and as dot and linear massage in a complex with kinesithcrapy and medical exercises at patients with an ischemic stroke in the sharp period is offered.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: the Received results arc used in clinical practice of work of neurologic branch of the Andizhan regional branch of the Republican centre of science of emergency medical aid, neurologic branch cli-niks of the Andizhan state medical institute.
Field of application: Neurology

Subjects of the inquiry: chicken, fowl, poultry farms.
Aim of the inquiry: To study the cpizootology and peculiarities of course of eymerious in the association with colybacterious of fowl on poultry farms.To discover and inculcate into poultry farming effective antieymerious and treatment eymerious and antibacterial preparations in combination for simultaneous chemioprophylaxis and treatment eymerious and colybacterious.
Methods of inquiry: Epizootological, parasitological, bacteriological, haemotological, pathologoanatomical, clinical, spectrophotometrical, toxicological, immunological.
The results achieved and their novelty: In this work for the last few years under conditions of new form of farming, for the first time there were studied the problems of epizootology and peculiarities of associated course of eymerious with colybacterious of fowl. For the first time there were elaborated and inculcated into practice new mixtures of preparations-premix of aciguc-at eymerious, synergetieal mixture of colycockstate and premix of colycockcide at associated course of eymerious with colybacterious of fowl, for simultaneous chemioprophylaxis and therapy, which have an acute effect and don't hinder the formation of the antieymerious immunity.
The elaboration of mixtures of preparations have both theoretical and practical significance, the novelty of which is defended by two patents
Practical value: The usage of elaborated mixtures (aciguc, colycockcide will allow to conduct simultaneousely chemioprophylaxis of eymerious and colybacterious under conditions of production.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: Under the production conditions for prophylaxis and treatment with preparations of aciguc, colycockstate and colycocksidc there were conducted tests on 300550 poultry population. The economic effectivity on 1000 poultry population at usage of acugue for chemiorophylaxis of eymerious (up to 60-days old chickens) comprised 180-200 thousand sums,colycockstate for chemioprophylaxis of eymerious with colybacterious (up to 90-days old chicks)-340-400 thousand sums and colycockcide for treatment associated form of eymerious (up to30 60-days old chicks)-170-190thousand sums.
Sphere of usage: poultry farms.

Subjects of research: the research focused on preschools, families, and preschool children living in the districts served by polyclinics № 4, 7, 8, 10, 11 in Bukhara city.
Purpose of work: to study health indicators in the context of rearing conditions; to develop the ways of improvement of medical care provided to preschool children in Bukhara region.
Methods of research: copying the data from source medical documents; medical examinations; medical interviewing; follow-up; Kcm-Jirasck psychological test; medical and statistic methods
The results obtained and their novelty: The data on morbidity, neural, psychic and physical development of children reared in family conditions and in preschools was collected through integrated study of preschool children health indicators for the first time in the country in Bukhara city. Socio-hygicnic, biomedical and healthcare organization factors, which form health indicators at children and arc associated with preschool children rearing conditions, were defined. Differentiated activities of improving health indicators and medical care to children with account of rearing conditions in desert area of the country were developed and implemented in healthcare practice.
Practical value: Data collected trough long-term cohort research - differences identified in health indicators at organized and disorganized children enables to define and eliminate existing shortcomings and gaps in medical care to children in timely manner. Implementation of organizational forms of medical care to children facilitates improvement of performance in pediatric service areas and extends families’ commitment to bring up a healthy child.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: Research findings were implemented in children’s polyclinics №4, policlinic №4 and polyclinic №1 in Bukhara city.
Field of application: Healthcare

Subject of the inquiry: phosphorites of Central Kyzilkum: ordinary phosphorite flour, dust type fraction, washed dried concentrate, mineralized mass, washed burned concentrate.
Aim of the inquiry: development of effective and economical technology processing of preception unary phosphate fertilizers on the basis decomposition unconccntratcd phosphorites of Central Kyzilkum by phosphoric gypsum pulp, also nitrogenous phosphatic fertilizers by method interaction phosphorites of Kyzilkum with partially ammonited wet process phosphoric acid.
Methods of inquiry: chemical and X-ray graphical analysis, IR-spcctroscopical analysis.
The results achieved and their novelty: for the first time the opportunity of reception concentrated unary phosphate and nitrogenous phosphatic fertilizers by method interaction phosphorites of Kyzilkum with phosphoric gypsum pulp and partially ammonited wet process phosphoric acid arc shown. The rheological properties (density, viscosity) of calcium sulfate phosphatic pulp arc investigated and chemical composition of water insolubility part of calcium phosphate pulp is determined. Agrochemical and physical-chemical properties of received unary phosphate and complex nitrogenous phosphatic fertilizers arc valued.
Practical value: results of holdcd search of scientific basis for creation of technology of reception new types of unary and complex nitrogenous phosphatic fertilizers arc carried. The developed technology allows to involve in manufacture concentrated phosphorus-containcd fertilizers not only the enriched concentrates of phosphorites Central Kyzilkum, but not enriched ordinary phosphorite flour, dust type fractions, also mineralized mass.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: on the integrated laboratory installation and open join-stock companies of “Ammophos-Maxam” are fulfilled the basic technological parameters of process of reception of unary phosphate fertilizers. The technology of reception nitrogenous phosphatic fertilizers on the integrated laboratory installation with determination of the basic technological parameters of process is approbated. Agrochemical tests on cotton have shown the advantage of the developed fertilizers.
The directed out technical and economic calculations show that the cost price of 1 ton of 100 % sums of P2O5 in unary fertilizer will make accordingly cheaper 399385 sum in comparison with the cost price of suprephos. The cost price of 1 ton of 100 % sums of P2O5 in nitrogenous phosphatic fertilizer under cost in 192604 sum.
Sphere of usage: plants of State joint-stock company “O zkimyosanoat”, agriculture.

Subjects of research: algoflora of the Akhangaran river.
Purpose of work: to study algoflora of the Akhangaran river and define the value of indicator saprobic species of algae estimating ecological and sanitary condition of the water reservoir of the Akhangaran river.
Methods of research: algological and hydrobiological.
The results obtained and their novelty: first, it has been studied in details and established species composition of algoflora of the Akhangaran river. Systematic analysis of algoflora of the Akhangaran river showed that 210 species revealed (188 species, 12 diversities, 10 forms) arc referred to 61 genera, 36 families, 17ordcr-types and 6 divisions of algae. On basis of comparative analysis of algoflora of the Akhangaran river with algoflora of studied by us natural and artificial reservoirs of Central Asia general species of algae have been determined. There studied propagation and distribution of algae downstream, seasonal changes and the effect of various ecological factors of water environment. For the first time, index of saprobc (Si) has been calculated as a result of studying of indicator saprobc species and diversities, and on the basis of this, the estimation of water quality has been given and ecologic zones of the river have been determined.
Practical value: species composition of algoflora has been determined and their distribution downstream. Saprobc indicator algae and their index of water saprobc have been revealed. For the reason ecological sanitary condition of the river has been established. Obtained results have practical value in composition and comparative study of algoflora of algae of Uzbekistan and other regions of Central Asia. Indicator algae and their indices could be useful in identification of ecological zones of water reservoirs.
Degree of embed and economic effectivity: study results arc used in academic process at the department “Ecology” NUUz (act № 954 dd 10.11.2009), as well as in practical work of State Committee on nature protection of Republic of Uzbekistan (act № 6 dd 12.12.2009).
Field of application: science and education: biology, ecology; ecological-sanitary control and protection of nature.

The urgency and relevance of the theme of dissertation. Being serious chronic disease of respiratory tracts a bronchial asthma (BA), represents a serious problem for Healthcare1. The data of world statistics shows current weighting, steady growth and a mortality from this disease. In treatment of the basic pathological process at a bronchial asthma, appreciable successes thanks to achievements of modem pharmacology arc reached. It is necessary to notice that for the last decades level of a relative mortality from BA has considerably decreased, quality of life of patients has improved, multiple depression of frequency of serious forms of disease2 is reached. However in many cases to achieve complete control of BA, not effective. For the last some decades, despite a wide choice of highly effective groups of antiasthmatic preparations, remain serious forms BA, and also numbers of complications arc enlarged. Also it is necessary to note, at the given disease the economic injury is bound not only to expenses on mcdicamcntal treatment, but also with loss of working capacity of patients BA, their social problems3.
For diagnostics improvement, and also for optimal treatments BA, search of sensitive and specific biomarkers which will open possibility of deep studying pathomchanisms developments of inflammatory process at BA is necessary.
In this connection represents a great interest studying of character of influence of modem mcdicamcntal methods of treatment on a functional condition of an endothelium, and also studying of methods of mcdicamental correction of endothelial dysfunction at patients BA. Also necessity of research of effective methods of primary preventive maintenance, forecasting of a current and optimisation of therapy BA is underlined in basic document GINA (2011)4. For today system implications BA in the form of cardiovascular changes among which endothelial dysfunction as a primary link of a lesion of a wall of a vessel appears arc significant. And also aggravation of accruing respiratory insufficiency, an anoxemia and a hypoxia of tissues becomes perceptible at endothelial dysfunction which is in most cases found out at early stages of disease. Probably, changes of indicators of function of an endothelium arc most precursory symptoms of joining of disturbances of a hemodynamic in a small circle of a circulation, however till now the data about an orientation and expression of these changes at patients BA is a little studied and inconsistent.
The present dissertation research at a certain level serves for implementation of the tasks, determine by the Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 1652 dated November 28, 2011 year «About measures on further deepening of reforming of system of public health services».
The aim of research work is complex studying of a condition of endothelial system, a number of immunologic parametres, factors of nonspecific protection, revealing of their interrelations and an estimation of influence to aclinical current of BA with pharmacological correction of pathogenetic therapy.
Scientific novelty of dissertational research consists in the following:
the estimation of a condition of system of nitrogen monoxide is given at patients with a bronchial asthma, on the basis of studying activity of iNOS, of a concentration of stable metabolites of nitrogen oxide and concentration of a substratum (L-arginina) in peripheral blood and in a condensate of exhaled air;
correlation mutual relations of their abnormality with immunologic parametres of patients, including indicators of nonspecific immunity arc revealed;
possibility of application indirect prognostic criterion as the long anamnesis of disease and obstruction degree, for revealing of endothelial dysfunction of an exacerbation and dysfunction endothelial is proved;
at clinical implications of disease pathogenetic mechanisms of development and aggravation of indicators of obstruction at depression of level L-arginina arc described;
it is established, the positive role of inclusion of L-argininc into the scheme of standard therapy to clinical and immunologic characteristics of disease and its ability to potentiate effects of inhalation glucocorticostcroids is revealed.
CONCLUSION
1. Decrease in level of L-argininc and activity of iNOS in peripheral blood and decrease in concentration of stable metabolite of nitrogen oxide in CEB, more expressive at the long anamnesis of the disease correlating with degree of bronchial obstruction is observed at BA patients.
2. The concentration increase in peripheral blood and inflammation in CEB markers - IL-4, IL-8 and TNF - a against decrease in indicators of nonspecific protection - cytophagous index and concentration of lysozyme in sputum is marked at BA patients. Expressiveness of immunologic disoreders is increased at low concentration of L-argininc in blood. Content of IgE, causing type of immunologic reactions at BA patients is increased, but not correlates with a disease step, with activity of an inflammation, with a condition of nonspecific protection, and also with concentration of L-argininc and a stable metabolites of nitrogen oxide.
3. The increase in clinical step of BA associates with decrease in activity of factors of nonspecific protection, with concentration increase of proinflammatory cytokinesa in CEB - FNO and decrease of anti-inflammatory - IL-4.
4. At BA patients with low level of L-argininc in blood application and GKS promotes authentic decrease of inflammatory cytokines of IL-4, IL-8, TNF - a in blood and in CEB and to increase cytophagous index and concentration of lysozyme in sputum, and also correlates with decrease in concentration of IgE.
5. At BA patients with low serumal level of L-argininc, the activity of iNOS and concentration of stable metabolites of nitrogen oxide and L-argininc itself in peripheral blood under the influence of standard therapy a little increased by 10th day of therapy, with the subsequent decrease to initial values.
6. Additional application of L-argininc against standard therapy at BA patients with its low concentration in blood, not influencing to concentration of IgE, promotes potentiation of anti-inflammatory effect of therapy, considerably increases concentration of L-argininc and stable metabolites of nitrogen oxide.
7. At patients with normal level of L-argininc in peripheral blood, standard therapy and even additional introduction of L-argininc do not influence to a level of IgE, and dynamics of concentration of cytokines against inhalation of GKS changed in considerably smaller degree, than at patients with low concentration of L-arginine. Additional introduction of this conditionally irreplaceable amino acid, strengthens effect of therapy to dynamics of activity of iNOS, proinflammatory cytokines in blood, cytophagous index and concentration of lysozyme in sputum, however less, than against initially low concentration of L-arginine.

Relevance and demand for dissertation subject. Despite considerable progress in modem diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with injuries of the acetabulum (PW) and their implications outlook remains disappointing. PWV arc more common in people younger than 50 years - it is of great socioeconomic importance. In the last decade alone annually produces about 800 thousand in the US and in Europe - about 500 thousand more than in the CIS countries - 200 thousand replacement joints.
The main method of treatment of industrial explosives and their impact is conservative. However, the results of treatment, and in most cases unsatisfactory, which is reflected in the long-term results. With the development of medical science and practice - Advanced X-ray capabilities, magnetic resonance imaging, the study of surgical anatomy of the acetabulum, surgical approaches and internal fixation techniques, conservative methods of treating damaged acetabulum gave way to open reduction and internal fixation of bone fragments of the acetabulum, while the consequences of POE application endoprosthesis with a modem design.
With a view to a better understanding of certain stages in the development of post-traumatic coxarthrosis, the development of diagnostic algorithms and treatment of patients with rcabilitaion PVV, rod compression-distraction apparatus and surgical tactics selection method implantation acetabular component is an important factor in terms of diagnosis and ELV treatment and their consequences. In this regard, the study of the mechanisms of development of post-traumatic coxarthrosis remains an urgent problem of medicine and requires the use of modem methods of investigation and treatment to address both theoretical and practical issues of Traumatology and Orthopedics, whose ultimate goal is the early diagnosis and the development of effective pathogenetic treatment.
This dissertation research to a certain degree corresponds to the tasks provided for in the Government program set out in the Decree of the President of Uzbekistan "On measures to further deepen the reform of the health system" from November 28, 2011 PP-1652; Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers "On measures to further strengthen the material-technical base and improvement of the organization of health care» №91 dated March 29, 2012.
Goal of investigation is to improve the diagnostic criteria for assessing the severity of injuries of the acetabulum and its consequences , to improve the efficiency arthroplasty.
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
developed classification features anatomical and structural disturbances in explosive damage from an objective evaluation metric displacement of the hip joint elements by CT, allowing to determine the severity of the traumatic changes and choose the optimal treatment strategy;
modified stem compression-distraction apparatus for treatment of explosive damage, providing optimal conditions for fracture healing and early activation of patients with complete restoration of the functional capacity of the hip joint;
improved access to the rear in case of damage of the acetabulum, allowing better visualization of all structures of the wound, to adequately monitor and facilitate the implementation of all technical aspects of surgery;
We developed a rapid diagnostic method for stability of explosives fractures in patients with primary treatment;
The degree of recovery of hip function in the nearest and remote periods after surgery explosive damage and hip replacement;
developed a surgical technique selection method of implantation of the acetabular component, which is based on the effects of CT roentgenometer and damage of the acetabulum.
CONCLUSION
1. Modern methods of diagnostics of explosives damages allow to fully appreciate the anatomical and structural disorders of the hip joint and predict their likely outcome.
2. Proposed diagnostic algorithms, treatment and rehabilitation of patients with injuries of explosives and their effects allow to objectively evaluate the severity of the injury and choose the best method of treatment.
3. An improved surgical access in case of damage the rear edge of the roof and BB with subluxation or dislocation of the femoral head provides a review of the improvement and the technical aspects of surgery with reduced duration of operation with 92,4 ±6,1 to 67,1 ± 3,8 min (P < 0.001).
4. The proposed criteria radiometric explosive damage effects allow you to optimize the choice of the method of implantation of the acetabular component, and the need to predict the amount of bone grafting with additional means of fixing.
5. Application of the developed compression-distraction device with dynamic unloading explosive damage will activate the patients for 2-3 days with an increase in the functional activity of the hip joint during the week of 29,4 ±3,1 to 58,8 ± 6,9 points, while traditional osteosynthesis technique requires a long period of rehabilitation with recovery to 1.5 months of treatment only to 32,4 ± 6,5 points (P <0,001).
6. The developed algorithms tactical surgical correction and rehabilitation of patients with injuries of explosives have improved long-term results in terms of a one-ycar observation significantly increase the efficiency of the recovery of hip function with 78,3 ± 4,6 points with traditional methods of osteosynthesis to 91.4 ± 5 6 points (P <0,01).
7. The use of the apparatus of dynamic unloading of the proposed rear S-shaped access in the treatment of explosive damage allowed neutralize the risk of intraoperative damage to neurovascular structures, increase the share of good results from operations 74.4% to 84.6% of cases and shorten the period of hospital stay from 44,5±3,8 to 7,8±0,2 days (P<0,001).
8. The effectiveness of conservative therapy for the treatment of the effects of damage to the acetabulum is characterized by a temporary increase in the maximum effect with the index of the functional recovery of hip joint with a 38,3 ± 5,4 to 58,6 ± 6,5 points only in the first month of treatment (P <0,001) and followed by reduction to the 3-month follow-up is actually the original values, which results in the need for repeated courses.
9. Surgical treatment of consequences of damage of the acetabulum using a rod designed dynamic compression-distraction unloading device allows for early mobilization of patients and in terms of a month of observation to improve the functional state of the hip joint with a 34,1±3,9 to 67,2±5, 7 points (P <0,001) with an increase of this indicator at 6 months with persistent clinical effect prior to 87,1 ±7,2 points (P<0,001).

Actuality and relevance the subject of dissertation. The urgency and relevance of the dissertation topic. According to the World Health Organization, 7% of the population suffers from violation of auditory function. Congenital hearing loss - one of the most common human infections detected on average at 1: 1000 new boms.
It is believed that 22 to 50% of cases of congenital hearing loss that develops in early childhood due to genetic causes. However, about 75% of them manifested nonsyndromic hearing impairment. If a hereditary predisposition probability of disease sensorineural hearing loss increases by 15-20 times. The frequency of the auditory organ lesions associated with cmbryological, genetic or congenital causes, of 7-10% of the total number of newborns.
After gaining independence in our country in the process of transformation of the health system, maternal and child health is given more attention. As a result of implemented policy measures over the years of independence achieved significant progress in the provision of quality health services to the population. Some positive results have been achieved in the field of promoting human health, early detection and effective treatment, along with other diseases and ailments such as ENT diseases, including non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss (NNSHL) in children. Progress has been made in the diagnosis, improved treatment methods, developed rehabilitation programs and rehabilitation of children in this category.
Importantly, congenital sensorineural hearing loss (NSHL) is not only medical but also social problem worldwide. One of the most topical issues of the modem otorhinolaryngology is to improve methods for early diagnosis and prognosis of sensorineural hearing loss in children. Early diagnosis of the causes of hearing loss, the identification of the genetic situation, the forecast for the birth of a healthy baby and tactics of such families is an important aspect of a healthy generation, not only for the family alone, but also for the whole state.
This dissertation research to a certain extent is the implementation of the tasks emanating from the relevant documents adopted by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan "On the state program" Year of harmoniously developed generation "of January 27, 2010 № 1271" On State program of early detection of congenital and hereditary diseases to prevent Birthday disabled since childhood for the period of 2013-2017 years "on March 12, 2013 № 1235" on state program "Year of a healthy child" on February 19, 2014 № 2133 "on state program" Year of a healthy mother and child "on February 9, 2016 number 2487.
By a research aim is ground of connection with the mutation of gene of Cx26 with heredity of nonsindromal forms of ncurosensory hearing loss for children and to ground his advantage for treatment optimization and prognostication of this disease
The scientific novelty of the research is as follows:
studied the incidence of non-syndromal hearing loss in children; It identified the most significant risk factors that contribute to the formation of hearing impairment in children;
scientifically substantiated results of clinical and audiological research in children with NSNHL and their 35dclG frequency mutations with the light of the disease and the age period, the severity and the establishment of genotypes;
justified 35dclG frequency mutations in the environment of inbreeding was against the corresponding mutations in panmiks environment, identifying mutations inbreeding leading factor in the selection of families without anamnestic record;
It describes a variety of clinical entities and analyze genetic hetero gencity for early diagnosis and choice of treatment strategy in patients with non-syndromic children with sensorineural hearing loss.
CONCLUSION
1. Comparison of the incidence of congenital hearing impairment in children revealed a high prevalence of non-syndromic forms of hearing loss (31.6% respectively), which required the formation of risk groups on the basis of screening programs in the population and is the first step in effective prevention of new cases of congenital deafness.
2. Data on the presence of genotyping 35dclG mutations in children with NNSHL showed that 35 dclG is the most common cause of hearing pathology (31.6%), while the observed prevalence of homozygotes for this mutation (17.1%). The frequency of mutations in the environment 35dclG inbreeding was 51.6% versus 15% of the relevant mutations in panmiksnoy environment, identifying mutations inbreeding leading factor in the selection of families without a history of history.
3. The study of the causes of non-syndromic forms of hearing loss found in 13.1% of patients and with the use of DNA diagnostics has increased to 61% of all cases of congenital and pre-speech hearing loss / deafness in the contingent.
4. Clinical and audiological characteristics of sensorineural hearing loss in children with NNSHL characterized by the prevalence of severe hearing impairment (IV degree was detected in 35.4% and deafness - 17.1% of cases).
5. It is necessary to hold account of risk factors for perinatal and carriage mutations in the Cx26 gene in the algorithm of early diagnosis of hearing loss in children, as the effect of inbreeding on the development NNSL
6. NNSHL with confirmed genetic mutation 35delG was an indication for the need for effective hearing aids and cochlear implantation with rehabilitation of hearing perception and differentiation by 100% with KI and 86.4% - in patients with hearing aids a year.

Necessity and importance of the dissertation’s subject. The most urgent problems on our planet include such ecological issues, as protection of the environment globally, increasing high quality foods on the global markets and, in relation with the latter - needs to increase yields of agricultural crops via their protection against pests and diseases, using biological control methods in particular, and production of ecologically safe food products.
More than 300 moth species occur in agricultural biocoenoses of our country, and 220 species among them arc pest insects that damage crops by chewing their parts. Vegetables and cotton plants suffer of these pests in particular losing significant parts of their yields. Farmers use various methods against pest moths. Common methods to get fast controlling effect against pests arc chemical treatments that arc applied many times during one season, and this breaks natural equilibrium of the environment and leads to accumulation of agricultural chemicals in the soil and their residual concentrations in plants and their products. Moreover, frequent use of pesticides causes development of resistant pests, and to decreasing or losing their efficacy. All these led to rising of importance of the biological methods of pest control in the world and substantiated its wider using during last years. This ecologically safe method requires modifying technologies of application on agricultural crops for controlling pests and diseases and improving quality of biological agents that arc applied at definite times. This method allows saving yields of agricultural crops from pest damage and solves many ecological issues.
Sharp changes in climatic conditions of our country effect negatively on some beneficial insects and parasite-host interrelationships, decreasing efficacy of cntomophagcs against pests. Absence of renewal of mother generations of biological agents in biological laboratories and use of out-of-thc-datc technologies of their application leads to decreasing efficacy of trichogramma (Hymenoptera, Trichogrammatidae). There appears a need to find widely effective against moths agent that can provide with safety for environment as well. Decision in this situation could be introduction, multiplying and application of suitable for our climate cntomophagcs for controlling these pests and saving yields.
Currently there are several methods of regulation of pests’ density in agricultural cocnoses existing in our country, and up to 90% of activities on protection of cotton fields against cotton bollworm belong to the biological method3.
Research activities on this thesis in certain degree serves for realization of those tasks set by both the Code of the Republic Uzbekistan “About protection of agricultural plants against pests, diseases and weeds”, and Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. 148 of 29 March 2004 “On measures for improving structure and increasing efficacy of the Plant protection services”, and other related normative and legal documents.
The purpose of research has been selection of suitable for extreme conditions trichogramma species, active in regulation of numbers of moth pests that occur on agricultural crops; introduction, acclimatization and mass propagation of this species, and improving and developing of the technologies of saving crop yields.
Scientific novelty of the research: is shown from the followings:
Prevalence of pest moths on crops has been determined, main parasites of infesting cotton moths and their prevalence has been identified;
New for our country trichogramma species - Trichogramma chilonis Ishii -has been introduced and acclimatized for the first time, and its biological properties have been determined;
Introduced Trichogramma chilonis species has been compared with local trichogramma species on biological properties when it has been grown on various local species of the lepidopterous pest insects;
A method of in vitro propagation of trichogramma in laboratory conditions on artificial media has been developed for the first time in our country;
Effective technology of packing up trichogrammas and their application against pest moths in the field conditions of our country has been developed;
An ecological and anthropogenic factors influencing on biological activity of trichogrammas in agricultural biocoenoses have been identified, effect of insecticides used commonly for pest moths’ control, on trichogrammas has been determined, the least toxic formulations of them were recommended for use in practice;
CONCLUSIONS
1. Fifteen moth species of the Noctuidae family have been recorded in the cotton agricultural cocnoses in Tashkent and Sir-Darya regions of Uzbekistan. Prevailing species were cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) consisted of 54,1% of all moths recorded followed by cutworm (Agrotis segetum) with frequency 11,2%. Occurrence of other moth species has fluctuated between 2,4% and 6,2%.
2. Fertility of cotton bollworm butterflies has been studied in cotton fields by its generations. One generation’s flight time duration has been 18 to 22 days in total. The highest degree of fertility has occurred on 1 l-14lh days of this duration, and number of eggs put on 100 plants have been 11-14,2 for the second generation and 21,6 for butterflies of the 3rd generation in average.
3. Eighteen species parasitizing on cotton bollworm from Ichneumonidae, Tachinidae, Braconidae and Trichogrammatidae families have been recorded on cotton agricultural cocnoses. These species have been specialized to parasitize on different stages of development of the cotton bollworm. Prevalence of these species has been 28,8% for representatives of Ichneumonidae, 17.2% for species of Tachinidae, 38,4% for species of Braconidae and 14,4% for species of family Trichogrammatidae.
4. New for country’s entomofauna species - Trichogramma chilonis - has been introduced in Uzbekistan and its biological properties were studied in various hygrothcrmic conditions. This species could infest eggs of lepidopterous insects up to 88.0% in average; keep its viability at +30°C and +32°C air temperature during 7 and 5 days, respectively. It has been found that best air temperatures for its mass propagation were 28-+30°C.
5. Investigations have shown that development of Trichogramma chilonis eggs in favourable conditions has taken 1-1,5 days, development of larvae completed in 3-3,5 days and pupa period was 5-6 days, i.e. total time of development from egg to imago stage has been 9-11 days in average. During this time fertility of the parasite on eggs of the cotton bollworm equalled to 52,7 and ratio of sexes was 1:4 tol :8.
6. Trichogramma chilonis has been propagated on eggs of various lepidopterous insects and trials have been done in order to identify its preferable hosts. It has been found that its preferable hosts were cotton bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and cutworm (Agrotis segetum). Parasite has infested up to 88,2-96,0% of their eggs. At the same time it has infested eggs of Angoumois grain moth (Sitotroga cerealella) in much lesser 72,6% degree. This necessitates renewal of the parasite passing it via preferable host species annually.
7. Various temperatures have been tested in order to identify optimal conditions for storing Trichogramma chilonis in diapause. It has been revealed that optimal temperature for that has been +7-8°C at 60-65% relative air humidity. This parasite preserved its viability in these conditions by 89,4%, 84,2%, 78,1%, 72,0% and 68,9% after storing during 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 days, respectively. It has been concluded that best air temperature for long-term preservation of T. chilonis has been +7-8°C at 60-65% relative air humidity.
8. Several artificial media have been tested and the most effective ones were identified, so, in vitro propagation method of T. chilonis was developed for the first time. The best artificial medium recommended for propagation of T. chilonis has contained the following components: haemolymph of the bee moth - 45,5%, mineral salts - 13,5%, egg vitellus - 20,5 %, and natural milk - 20,5%.
9. Biological properties of trichogramma generations propagated by in vitro method have been studied. Worsening of these properties with infesting host eggs only by 52,2-36,3% has been found at 6th generation.
10. Effects of abiotic factors on development of Trichogramma species have been studied. It has been found that 14 hour duration of day with illumination was optimal for mass propagation of Trichogramma chilonis in laboratory conditions. Such duration should be 16 hours for Trichogramma pintoi. Decreasing air temperature till +18°C has unfavourably changed ratio of sexes of T. chilonis to 2:7-2:8 (c?:$). It has been recommended to keep 14 and 16 hour durations of day at propagating T. chilonis and T. pintoi in laboratory conditions.
11. Effects of air relative humidity of the cotton agricultural cocnosis on T. chilonis have been tested. It has been found that higher air relative humidity (63,2%) of the cotton field higher biological efficacy of trichogramma (78,1%), and vice versa, lower air relative humidity (42,2%) of the cotton field lesser biological efficacy of trichogramma (66,6%). It has been recommended to apply trichogramma in conditions when air relative humidity was higher.
12. Effects of insecticides commonly used for controlling cotton bollworm in practice have been tested against some generations of trichogrammas. It has been determined that Baton EC 100 g/L and Emamex 5WDG have provided with the lowest toxicity on trichogrammas and these formulations were recommended for use in integrated cotton bollworm management system.
13. Improved method of trichogramma application in the form of pupae stuck on trichocards has been developed. This method has been more effective by 54.6-59.8% comparing with commonly used technique at current time. Moreover, application of trichogramma on cotton fields against cotton bollworm in the form of pupae stuck on trichocards has provided with the higher efficacy (87,5-88,1%) than application its imagoes.
14. Trials carried out on various crops for control of lepidopterous pest moths have shown that biological efficacy of Trichogramma chilonis has been significantly higher comparing with the local Trichogramma pintoi species. So, biological efficacy of the former species has been 84,3% against cotton bollworm on cotton was 84,3%, and against the same pest on tomato plants - 81,3%, and against European com borer on com fields - 86,4%.
15. Calculations of both farm and economic efficacies of trichogramma application have shown that 92.7% of yield has been saved on tomato fields where trichogramma has been applied against cotton bollworm, and pure income here was 3 353,4 thousand Sums, and degree of profitability has equalled to 52%. Moreover, produced yield has been ecologically safe because of no chemical residues in it.

In the world of livestock considered to be one of the main sectors of agriculture, and it is important in providing the population with meat and dairy products and other types of food. As a result of the investigate of new innovative technologies of modem cattle milk yields in the USA Holstein cows rised to 9500 kg, in the Netherlands, Germany and other European countries rised to 8000-9000 kg, the fat quantity increased by 4.6 % .
Nowadays, the country carried out a number of measures to strengthen the base of cattle breeding farms, breeding of pedigree cattle, increasing the numbers of cattle and productivity.
In improvement of livestock and improving the breeding base of cattle breeds the improvers Holstein and Simmcntal flcgfih types of cows are important. Delivery of different genotypes of pedigree cattle and their effective utilization, adapting to the conditions of a hot climate, the development and identification of productive qualities, formation of genetic productivity features and breeding plants and highly productive herds arc great scientific and practical importance.
However, productive qualities of imported German, Slovenian and Chinese Holstein and flegfih Simmental breeds, adaptation to the hot climate and the detection of biological characteristics, improvement of herds, the formation of new highly groups increase their genetic productive capacity are not enough to carry out scientific researches. The milk yield of cows Simmcntal flegfih breed high and is not inferior to that recorded at home. Revealed economically useful properties of Holstein dairy cattle in the territories, and in the foothills - Simmcntal flegfih cattle breed, and also improved their breeding and productive qualities. Formation of the pedigree and selection groups of herds in breeding farms is actual today.
In particular, on march 23, 2006 the Decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for №PP-308 «About measures for stimulation of increase in cattle in private, farmer and livestock farms» and april 21, 2008 «Personal subsidiary farms, cattle farms and stimulating the increase expand the production of livestock products, additional measures» resolution №PP-842 livestock development strategies.
The aim of the research improvement of adaptive, purc-strain and productive characteristics of imported Holstein and Flckvich Simmcntal stocks of different genotype manifestation of genetic potential of their milk productivity in cattle-breeding farms.
Scientific novelty of dissertation work consists of the follow ing:
in traditional technological conditions of keeping and feeding on in cattle breeding farmsteads for the first time were determined pedigree, productive and biologic characteristics of Holstein cows of Chinese, German and Slovenic selection;
in foothill zone of dairy- meat cattle breeding adaptive, economic-biologic characteristics of Flckvich Simmcntal breed of different genotypes were determined;
in the process of studies have identified features of display pedigree, productive and adaptive qualities of improved cows under the new climatic conditions;
the relation genotype- environment and the formation of phenotypic selection features were proved.
effective methods of selection and breeding, making it possible to improve pedigree and productive and also biological qualities of imported cows of Holstein and Flckvich Simmcntal breeds of different zonal and constitutional types were worked out.
CONCLUSIONS
1. At present there were built more than400 purc-strain farmsteads with more than 100 thousand heads of cattle, including 34 thousand of cows in our republic. However such condition of pedigree basis doesn’t answer the requirements on reproduction of pedigree herd. Cows’ milk yield in pedigree farmsteads on average made about 2870 kg. It is necessary to solve this problem at the expense of imported cows of improving strains and rearing them in cleanliness.
2. Import of Holstein cows of Chinese selection and rearing them in cleanliness was conducted in live stork farms. They were very well adapted to natural-climatic conditions of the Republic. Service -period of cows and intercalve arc optimal shaped. Metabolism level, oxidorcduction processes and protective function of animals took place more intensively in summer period on comparison with winter (P>0.99).
3. Milk yield of cows in traditional technological conditions of cattle-breeding farms was increased with the age (P>0.95). Correlation coefficient of selection signs was highly positive. Proportional constitution testifies to forming of dairy type and strong constitution. 
4. Holstein cows of German selection of different constitutional types in the conditions of keeping in a lightly constructed buildings of half-opened type, in boxes, and on natural pasture feeding ground, on optimal level of the same type of feeding showed the character of forming of physiologic properties and milk productivity. Milk yield of cows of gentle constitution in adaptation period was preserved on one and the same level. At the same conditions milk yield of cows of strong constitution was increased (P>0,99-0,999). Relation of selection signs in them was highly positive. Dairy type cows was forming proportionally, morpho-functional properties of udder correspond to requirements of mechanical milking.
5. Cows of different constitutional types differ on biological properties in favor of strong constitution. Index of heat tolerance in cows of gentle constitution getting low than strong’s (P>0,95). In indices of metabolism, oxdorestoration processes and organism’s protection function also there were some differences in favor of cows of strong constitution (P>0,95). Cases of leg and udder diseases increased in cows of gentle constitution was increased. Research work was formed group of selection herd and choose strong cow constitution.
6.In Holstein cows of Slovenic and German selection in optimal conditions of keeping and levels of full-bodied feeding the character of forming of phenotype indices of cows of similar genotype was revealed (P>0,99-0,999).
Parents index of cows’ productivity of similar genotypes was high in Slovenic selection: At these levels of mothers’ productivity daughters’ milk yield on the level of high phenotypes made low.
7.Stress-factor of summer and winter ccologic conditions influenced in different degree on physiological condition of animals. So, heat tolerance index in cows of Slovenic selection of different phenotypes ranged (P>0,95). It was determined superiority in cows of high phenotype.
Stress-factor in summer and winter periods have significant negative influence on cows with low phenotypes, than with high ones (P>0,99). These factors testified that it is necessary to search best genotypes among the best phenotypes.
8. In natural-climatic conditions of foothill zone imported cows of Flckvich Simmcntal breed demonstrated their economic-useful properties as in their own motherland. Keeping them in capital buildings, in boxes, and on pasture feeding ground, full-bodied, of the same type of feeding contributed to manifestation of productivities genetic potential. Milk yield of different genotype in I-lactation reached than standard type. In summer and winter periods cows’ clinical indices passed at the level of physiologic norm. Heat tolerance index was in high points. It is observed rise of hacmothologic indices in summer on comparison with winter ones. This types of purc-strain herd were formed in foothills.
9. Fulfillment of scientific-research work was ended by high economic effectiveness. Thus, in traditional technologic conditions of keeping and feeding in cattle breeding farms from Holstein cows of Chinese selection obtained level of profitability made 26-30%; in keeping in lightly constructed buildings, in boxes, and on the same types of feeding on from Holstein cows of German selection respectively made 35-36%,in optimal conditions of keeping and feeding on Holstein cows of Slovenic and German selection on forming of different phenotypes, respectively obtained profitability 62%; in foothill-zones in optimal conditions of keeping and feeding from Flckvich Simmcntal cows profitability made 58%.

In developing countries cattle breeding branch to look after pedigree cows, create productive types, to improve quality of pedigree cows and to improve productive produce technologies arc actual. German, Holland and Israel Holstein genotype cows’ average milk yield equaled to 8500-12000 kg. In the USA and Canada this indicator rised to 9000-9700 kg. Milk in bull giving types of cows’ yield rised to 14000-17000 kg and its fat quantity rised to 4,5-5,0%.
Measures in wide range have been taking in cattle breeding in our republic which look forward breeding milky and breed kinds of cattle and to breed breed kinds in dairy meat branch and to apply modem innovational technologies in production of cattle products in our country.
Nowadays, produce breeding production, the strengthening of breeding base of improved breeds and productive qualities of cattle become important. Considering these aspects, the improvement of breeding and technological processes, Holsteintypes of cattle breeding similar to Chinese, German and Slovenian selection and adaptation of flegfih Simmcntal breed kinds to the environmental conditions in the foothills arc the importantin science.
Expansion of livestock breeding base, breeding improvers dairy and meat -dairy breeds in pure form and their crossbreeding with regional cattle breeds is one of the main methods. To import of Holstein breeds and flegfih Simmcntal breeds in hot climates, to show genetic potential productivity of different genotypes of cattle and formation of breeding herds in the relations between genotype- environment are not studying yet, that’s why to improve complex system that encourage the necessary capacity in this area is most important in science.
As a result, the milk yield of cows of black - motley breed of German and American Holstein genotype, which exceeded the standard indicators of blackmotley breed have increased significantly.
In particular, on March 23, 2006 the Decision of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan for №PP-308 «About measures for stimulation of increase in cattle in private, farmer and livestock farms» and April 21, 2008 «Personal subsidiary farms, cattle farms and stimulating the increase expand the production of livestock products, additional measures» resolution №PP-842 livestock development strategies and the work carried our this research.
The aim of the research working out of scientific and practical basis of improvement resource saving herd in peasant farms and creation productive group of cows, keeping their productive genetic potential by cross-breeding ways and manifestation in optimal technological conditions of keeping and feeding on.
Scientific novelty of dissertation work consists of the follow ing: economic-biologic signs of local, breed improved and black- motley cattle of different Holstein genotype cows in individual and peasant farms, were defined scientific basis of improvement herd and resource saving technology and created productive groupcows. In hot climatic conditions developing factors of selection and resource saving technologic components complexly implemented in.
In the creation of productive factory type cow’s groups, usage of improvable bulls which corresponded to Israel, German, America selections and methods of breeding local cows with the breed of Flekvcih Simmcntal were improved;
Methods of feeding on and keeping in manifestation of genetic productive potential of cows’ productivity were created.
CONCLUSIONS
1. In the Republic the position of livestock progress of individual and subsidiary farms arc incomparable, manufacturing livestock products makes up 94-96%. On the extensive keeping conditions improvement resource saving technology, stoutness of cows and daily milk yield made up 52 and 28%.(P>0,99-0,999). They characterized by tolerance to summer and winter weather conditions. Rising milk yield of local cows made up 1194 kg (94%) and breed improved ones-1282 kg (81%).
2.In cattle breeding farms with black-motley Israel Holstein cows usage of milky technology milk yield of thorough bloodiness increased tol731-2170 kg or 60-79% (P>0,99). Milky coefficient made up 840-950 (P>0,99). Technological quality of udder and rate of milk yield (l,58±0,03 and l,90±0,02 kg/min) increased.
3. By making milky technology daily milk yield enhanced to 55-67% (from 9,0-12,0 kg to 15-18,6 kg) (P>O,95-0,999). Positive degree of correlation selection signs were manifested. Dominant of positive correlation coefficient appropriates to thorough bloodiness generation (P>0,95-0,99). Usage of milky technology positively influenced to heat tolerance index of cows. Correlation HTI-milk yield equaled to r=0,2I and 0,55, thorough bloodiness was dominant (P>0,95-0,99). Metabolism, oxidc-restoration of animals by groups was high (P>0,99-0,999).
4. In pedigree farms of Holstein black-motley cows and optimal feeding on them (4147-4713) Holstein genotypes of factory type productive group of cows were formed. Selection of differential increased to 1659 kg (P>0,999). In American Holstein genotype generations’ connection of selection signs manifested high correlation (P>0,999).
5. Holstein positively influenced to exterior of cows. Functional features and morphological marks of udder improved. Rate of milky increased from 1,37 kg/min to 2,38 kg/min (P>0,99).
6. In summer optimal keeping of cows in lightly constructed with natural ventilation and half opened buildings and feeding on in open air was implemented, but cows daily milk yield decreased to 12,3-24,4%. The speed of metabolism decreased, but respiration- oxidation and protector function of animals exceeded.
7. In pedigree farms of Holstein black-motley cows and their traditional technological keeping system as tying in capital buildings and open fields and in optimal feeding German and American Holstein genotype cows’ factory type groups arc formed. Selection differential by milk yield increased.
8. Holstein of black-motley cows with American bull-improvers exterior features of cows and technological marks of udder much improved. Rate of milky speed from 1,41 to 2,40 kg/min (P>0,95-0,999). Clinical indices of adaptation to environment of cows were observed in physiological norm. In summer keeping cows in cool places and feeding on with green grass properties positively influenced to physiological state of cows.
9. Investigation works which were conducted on various types of farms on technologic conditions high economical productiveness was obtained. Profitable level of milk yield production of local and improved breed of cows on the method of resource saving technology get superior, in commodity farms of black-motley breed of Israel Holstein genotype cows, profitable level at applying milky was 31,6%, in pedigree farms keeping in lightly constructed type of buildings and caring with the same nutrition of Holstein cows was 41,2-41,8%, traditional technology of keeping equaled to 38,0%.