EIJMRMS ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
23
THE ROLE OF AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC MICROFLORA IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF
DENTAL MUCOSITIS AND DENTAL PERI-IMPLANTITIS
Tashmuhammedova Shaxnoza
Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
Sadriyev Nizom Najmiddinovich
Samarkand State Medical University, Uzbekistan
AB O U T ART I CL E
Key words:
Implantation, aerobic and anaerobic
microflora, peri-implantitis, inflammation, oral
cavity.
Received:
03.06.2024
Accepted
: 09.06.2024
Published
: 13.06.2024
Abstract:
In modern conditions, mixed oral
infections: pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria,
fungi and protozoa are becoming increasingly
important in the emergence of delayed
inflammatory
complications
after
dental
implantation. Literature data shows that
violations of normobiosis in all mucous
membranes of the oral cavity are associated with
its hygienic condition, dental and periodontal
diseases. Local immune protection factors are not
of minor importance. To date, the etiological role
of the entire group of microorganisms in the
appearance of dental mucosa and tooth fairy-
implantitis has not been determined. We are
talking, first of all, about fungi of the genus
Candida, streptococci and staphylococci, the
presence of which in the tissues of the oral cavity
often indicates immunological diseases in the
div, as well as anaerobes found without
periodontal signs. tissue disease [2]. In this
regard, under certain and not yet fully understood
conditions, special attention should be paid to
these infectious factors that can lead to the
development of inflammatory and inflammatory-
destructive
complications
after
surgical
interventions carried out to install implants.
Rational and effective diagnosis of microbial
infection in patients with inflammatory
complications after dental implantation remains
an unresolved problem, no highly effective
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
https://doi.org/10.55640/eijmrms-04-06-07
Pages: 38-44
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
39
pathogenetic methods of its elimination have been
developed.
INTRODUCTION
The purpose of the study is:
to identify the role of staphylococcal, fungal and anaerobic infections in
the occurrence of inflammatory complications in the delayed period after dental implantation and
develop new methodological approaches to their elimination.
Object and methods of research:
We examined 32 patients for a long time after a dental implant into
the bone, in which inflammatory complications were identified: 18 - dental mucosa and 14 - third-
degree dental fairy-implantitis. Of these, 17 (53.1%) were male and 15 (46.9%) were female between
the ages of 34 and 52. All patients were practically healthy people, without inflammatory and Infectious
Diseases of other organs and systems. At the initial stage of the study, depending on the nosological
dependence of inflammatory complications arising in the peri-implant area, patients were divided into
two groups, comparable in sex, age and number of regions involved in the pathological process. The
first group includes patients with dental mucositis; in the second - dental peri-implantitis all patients
underwent a comprehensive clinical and radiological examination using generally accepted methods in
modern conditions.
Simplified hygiene index (GreenVermillion) and bleeding index determination for objective assessment
of the condition of the tissues of the Peri-implant zone (Mühlemann H. P., Cowell F.) were used. The
depth of the Peri-implant pockets was taken into account.
Standard clinical laboratory testing includes general and biochemical blood tests, general urine
analysis, blood tests for sugar, HIV, syphilis, hepatitis B and C.
To determine the qualitative composition of bacterial agents in the Peri-implant zone, we used the
classical bacteriological research method, as well as the rapid method of polymerase chain reaction
(PZR), followed by reverse DNA hybridization. Microbiological studies were carried out on material
from the peri-implant zone after rinsing the mouth with distilled water.
In our work, we used the traditional method of processing the results of microbiological research,
including calculating the percentage of a particular species in the calculation of the content of bacteria
isolated in patients of both groups, as well as the frequency of occurrence of resistant or sensitive
strains. to antibacterial drugs under study
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
40
RESEARCH RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Bacteriological studies have shown that dental mucosa and dental peri-implantitis are characterized by
differences in etiological structure.
In positive cultures of material from the peri-implant zone of dental mucositis patients, aerobic
microflora was often identified (88.9%), less frequently - association with anaerobes (11.1% of cases).
In aerobic flora, gram-positive microorganisms were found 84.4%, gram-negative - 5.6%.
Among the aerobic microorganisms isolated in associations, streptostaphylococcal infection prevailed,
the proportion of which reached the maximum total values, and the proportion of other infectious
agents was not shown much. In addition, in 44.4% of cases, the formation of a 34-component
Association of opportunistic microorganisms was observed. A wide range of aerobes is represented in
decreasing order by the following bacteria: Streptococcus intermedius (94.4%), Peptostreptococcus
micros (77.8%), Staphylococcus spp. (44.4%), Enterobacter spp. (16.7%), Acinetobacter spp. (11,1%).
Anaerobic bacteria have been rarely identified in patients with dental mucositis (16.7%). In one case of
dental mucosa, periodontopathogenic microorganisms were found in the peri-implant zone:
Bacteroides forsythus, A. Actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis.
Among staphylococci isolated from patients with dental mucosa, coagulase-negative staphylococci
were rarely found. Often Staphylococcus aureus.
The data obtained makes it possible to argue that parasitocenosis of the peri-implant zone in patients
with mucous membranes is characterized by a multi-component set of possible triggers of the
inflammatory process. Obviously, the leading pathogens that begin the occurrence of this complication
after dental intraosseous implantation are streptostaphylococcal infections.
Using the molecular genetic research method, a mixed infection characterized by great diversity due to
anaerobes (in 63.3% of patients) and Gram-negative aerobic flora (in 36.7% of cases) was found in
material from the implantation pocket of patients. with dental peri-implantitis. Polyinfection is
represented by the following periodontopathogenic microorganisms: Bacteroides forsythus (55.6% of
cases), Porphyromonas gingivalis (50.0%), Fusobacterium nucleatum (44.4%), A. Actino
mycetemcomitans (38.9%), Prevotella.38.9. Their Candida spp., Enterobacter spp., The relationship of
Streptococcus intermedius, Peptostreptococcus micros and Staphylococcus aureus to the fungi of the
genus respectively 44,4%, 38,9%, 13,2%, 13,2% and was found in 28.5% of cases.
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
41
In the available literature, we did not find similar information for patients of this category. Such a high
proportion of anaerobic substances and their variety make it difficult to identify the leading pathogenic
microorganism, which is usually called the "leader" of the infectious-inflammatory process. It can be
seen that this is the specific effect of the interaction of the most diagnosed pathogens and anaerobic
agents of parasitocinosis, which largely determine the nature of the inflammatory-destructive process
in the peri-implant zone of patients with dental peri-implantitis.
The second direction of the study consisted in assessing the sensitivity of the identified triggers of
dental mucosa and dental peri-implantitis to antibiotics that are applied parenterally in clinical practice.
We found that amicacin (100%), rovamycin (94.4%), clarithromycin (94.4%), roxithromycin (94.4%),
cefazolin (94.4%) had the highest activity compared to aerobic microflora. , ciprofloxacin (94.4%),
actinomycin (94.4%). 77.8%, gentamicin (77.8%).
Compared to anaerobic microorganisms, imipenem, coamoxiclav, ceftriaxone, and vancomycin have
universal (90% -100%) activity.
The question of choosing antimicrobial therapy in the complex treatment of dental mucosa and dental
peri-implantitis is from the point of view of the data we have received and the clinical testing of a
number of antibacterial drugs that are highly sensitive to aerobic infections and anaerobic bacteria.
does not cause difficulties. As an etiotropic therapy in patients with dental mucosa, it is recommended
to use one of the following antibiotics - Oxacillin, roxithromycin, cefazolin, clarithromycin and
ciprofloxacin, in patients with Tooth Fairy-implants - imipenem, coamoxiclav, ceftriaxone and
vancomycin.
CONCLUSION
1.
Microcinosis of periapical tissue in patients with dental mucositis and dental peri-implantitis is
characterized by a large variability in quality indicators of microorganisms.
2.
The main pathogenic and opportunistic pathogens of detailed mucositis are Gram-negative
microorganisms.
3.
The leading place in the etiology of dental periimplantitis is occupied by anaerobic bacteria, mainly
periodontal agents, often associated with candidiasis and enterobacterial infections.
4.
Isolated pathogens of the dental mucosa turned out to be sensitive to amikasin, clarithromycin,
roxithromycin, cefazolin, ciprofloxacin in 90-100% of cases. Absolute sensitivity to the microflora
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
42
of the peri-implant zone of patients with dental peri-implantitis is manifested by imipenem,
coamoxiclav, vancomycin, ceftriaxone.
REFERENCE
1.
Абдуллаева П. Р., Ахмедов А. А. СПОСОБ ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ИШЕМИЧЕСКИХ СОСТОЯНИЙ
ЗРИТЕЛЬНОГО НЕРВА И СЕТЧАТКИ (ЛИТЕРАТУРНЫЙ ОБЗОР): Medical science //Ethiopian
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research.
–
2023.
–
Т. 10. –
№. 09. –
С. 18
-23.
2.
Ризаев Ж. А., Ахмедов А. А. ОСНОВЫ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ ПОМОЩИ В РЕСПУБЛИКЕ
УЗБЕКИСТАН НА ОСНОВЕ РАЗВИТИЯ ОБЩЕЙ ВРАЧЕБНОЙ ПРАКТИКИ //ЖУРНАЛ
СТОМАТОЛОГИИ И КРАНИОФАЦИАЛЬНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ. –
2023.
–
Т. 4. –
№. 3.
3.
Абдуллаева Н. И., Ахмедов А. А. ОСТЕО
-
ИММУНОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ СТАТУС ПАЦИЕНТОВ С
ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЙ ПАРОДОНТА В ПОДРОСТКОВОМ И МОЛОДОМ ВОЗРАСТЕ //TA'LIM VA
RIVOJLANISH TAHLILI ONLAYN ILMIY JURNALI.
–
2023.
–
Т. 3. –
№. 11. –
С. 143
-149.
4.
Ахмедов А. А. Иммунологические аспекты патогенеза гингивита и пародонтита
//IQRO.
–
2023.
–
Т. 3. –
№. 2. –
С. 121
-123.
5.
Ризаев Ж. А., Ахмедов А. А. GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF GENERAL MEDICAL PRACTICE
IN THE REPUBLIC OF UZBEKISTAN TO IMPROVE DENTAL CARE //ЖУРНАЛ СТОМАТОЛОГИИ
И КРАНИОФАЦИАЛЬНЫХ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЙ. –
2023.
–
Т. 4. –
№
. 3.
6.
Ахмедов А. А., Нарзиева Н. DENTAL PROSTHETICS ON IMPLANTS AND THEIR FEATURES
//American Journal of Pedagogical and Educational Research.
–
2023.
–
Т. 16. –
С. 132
-135.
7.
Astanovich A. D. A. et al. The State of Periodontal Tissues in Athletes Engaged in Cyclic Sports
//Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology.
–
2021.
–
С. 235
-241.
8.
Alimjanovich R. J., Astanovich A. A. СОВЕРШЕНТСВОВАНИЕ СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОЙ
ПОМОЩИ В УЗБЕКИСТАНЕ С ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕМ КОНЦЕПТУАЛЬНОГО ПОДХОДА ДЛЯ
УЛУЧШЕНИЕ ЕЕ КАЧЕСТВА
//JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND PRACTICE.
–
2023.
–
Т. 8. –
№.
4.
9.
Ортикова Н. Глобализация биоэтики в период пандемии COVID
-
19 //Общество и
инновации. –
2020.
–
Т. 1. –
№. 1/S. –
С. 677
-682.
10.
Ортикова Н. Влияние психоэмоционального напряжения детей на состояние здоровья
полости рта //Общество и инновации. –
2023.
–
Т. 4. –
№. 7/S. –
С. 328
-333.
11.
Ортикова Н. Х., Ризаев Ж. А., Мелибаев Б. А. ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ АСПЕКТЫ ПОСТРОЕНИЯ
СТОМАТОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО ПРИЕМА ПАЦИЕНТОВ ДЕТСКОГО ВОЗРАСТА //EDITOR
COORDINATOR.
–
2021.
–
С. 554.
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
43
12.
Ортикова Н. Тенденция эффективности профилактических мероприятий путем
коррекции психологического стресса у детей на стоматологическом приёме //Общество
и инновации. –
2022.
–
Т. 3. –
№. 6. –
С. 181
-189.
13.
Qobilovna B. Z., Nodirovich E. A. EVALUATION OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT WITH
REMOVABLE DENTAL PROSTHESES FOR PATIENTS WITH PAIR PATHOLOGY //Spectrum
Journal of Innovation, Reforms and Development.
–
2023.
–
Т. 11. –
С. 95
-101.
14.
Anvarovich E. S., Qobilovna B. Z. INFLUENCE OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF RETRACTION THREADS
ON THE DEGREE OF GINGI RECESSION //Spectrum Journal of Innovation, Reforms and
Development.
–
2023.
–
Т. 11. –
С. 84
-86.
15.
Tohirovna M. L., Qobilovna B. Z. Optimization of Complex Methods Treatment of Inflammatory
Periodontal Diseases //Eurasian Research Bulletin.
–
2023.
–
Т. 17. –
С. 138
-143.
16.
Tavakalova Q. M., Qobilovna B. Z., Sarvinoz Y. Preventive Measures in the Treatment of Caries in
School children //Eurasian Research Bulletin.
–
2023.
–
Т. 17. –
С. 60
-65.
17.
Исламова Н., Чакконов Ф. Роль продуктов перекисного окисления липидов и
противовоспалительных цитокинов крови в развитии заболеваний полости рта при
гипотиреозе //Общество и инновации. –
2020.
–
Т. 1. –
№. 1/s. –
С. 577
-582.
18.
Fakhriddin C., Shokhruh S., Nilufar I. ENDOKANAL PIN-KONSTRUKSIYALARNI ISHLATISHDA
ASORATLAR VA XATOLAR TAHLILI //JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICINE AND PRACTICE.
–
2022.
–
Т.
7.
–
№. 1.
19.
Shoxrux S., Shoxrux I., Faxriddin C. PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF ORAL INFECTIONS IN
DENTURE WEARERS //International Journal of Early Childhood Special Education.
–
2022.
–
Т.
14.
–
№. 4.
20.
Xusanovich C. F. COMPLETE REMOVABLE PROSTHESIS SUPPORTED BY IMPLANTS //European
International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management Studies.
–
2023.
–
Т. 3. –
№.
11.
–
С. 127
-133.
21.
Xusanovich C. F. et al. PROSTHETICS A COMPLETE REMOVABLE PROSTHESIS BASED ON
IMPLANTS //European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and Management
Studies.
–
2023.
–
Т. 3. –
№. 11. –
С. 122
-126.
22.
Najmiddinovich S. N. et al. CARIES IN SCHOOL CHILDREN AND TREATMENT PREVENTIVE
MEASURES //American Journal of Pedagogical and Educational Research.
–
2023.
–
Т. 16. –
С.
44-49.
23.
Khusanovich K. B. R. C. F. TYPES AND APPLICATIONS OF DENTAL COMPLIMENTS //Journal of
Modern Educational Achievements.
–
2023.
–
Т. 5. –
№. 5. –
С. 95
-99.
EUROPEAN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH
AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES
ISSN: 2750-8587
VOLUME04 ISSUE06
44
24.
Zarnigor J. MAIN ROLE OF HYGIENIC EDUCATION IN THE SYSTEM PRIMARY PREVENTION OF
DENTAL DISEASES OF PATIENT //European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research
and Management Studies.
–
2023.
–
Т. 3. –
№. 11. –
С. 157
-163.
25.
Qizi J. Z. B. METHODS OF OPTIMIZATION OF TREATMENT OF PERIODONTAL DISEASES USING
NEW TECHNOLOGIES //European International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research and
Management Studies.
–
2023.
–
Т. 3. –
№.
10.
–
С. 234
-241.
26.
Kobilovna B. Z., Rushana R. COMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF PARTIAL DENTURES WITH
VARIOUS FASTENING ELEMENTS //Intent Research Scientific Journal.
–
2023.
–
Т. 2. –
№. 9. –
С.
98-103.
27.
Qobilovna B. Z., Maxzuna U. Improvement of Providing Therapeutic Dental Care to Pregnant
Women. Therapeutic and Preventive Measures //Eurasian Research Bulletin.
–
2023.
–
Т. 16. –
С. 146
-150.
28.
Tavakalova Q. M., Qobilovna B. Z., Sarvinoz Y. Results of the Prevention Program Dental Diseases
in School-Age Children //Eurasian Research Bulletin.
–
2023.
–
Т. 17. –
С. 50
-54
29.
Jurabek T. D., Qobilovna B. Z. Principles of Prevention of Dental Diseases in Children in Modern
Conditions //Eurasian Research Bulletin.
–
2023.
–
Т. 17. –
С. 55
-59.
30.
Tavakalova Q. M., Qobilovna B. Z., Sarvinoz Y. Preventive Measures in the Treatment of Caries in
School children //Eurasian Research Bulletin.
–
2023.
–
Т. 17. –
С. 60
-65
