472
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
STUDYING THE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF SALVIA
OFFICINALIS
Shodmonova S.A.
Sultonova R.X.
Tashkent Pharmaceutical Institute, Tashkent city, Republic of Uzbekistan
e-mail: sadoqat.shodmonova.01@mail.ru
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17342538
Relevance:
Inflammation is one of the div's defense mechanisms that develops as a response
to infection, injury, or other adverse effects. At the same time, chronic inflammatory processes are
considered an important pathogenetic factor in the development of atherosclerosis, diabetes mellitus,
arthritis, and even oncological diseases. In recent decades, scientific research has shown great interest
in natural bioactive substances, particularly extracts from medicinal plants, as potential sources of
anti-inflammatory agents. Salvia officinalis L. (sage) belongs to the Labiatae family and has been
used for centuries in European and Asian folk medicine to heal wounds, treat respiratory infections,
reduce pain, and as an anti-inflammatory agent. Current molecular and pharmacological studies
demonstrate that rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, carnosol, and ursolic acid found in sage leaves
confirm their therapeutic significance through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These
compounds have been found to reduce the expression of inflammation mediators—NF-κB, COX-2,
iNOS, and various pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α). Although chemically
synthesized anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g., steroids, NSAIDs) are effective in pharmaceutical and
clinical pharmacology, their long-term use may lead to numerous adverse effects (gastrointestinal
damage, hepato- and nephrotoxicity, immune system disorders). Therefore, developing anti-
inflammatory agents from natural sources, including medicinal plants like sage, is an important
scientific task.
Purpose of the study:
To investigate the mechanisms of action of Salvia officinalis on
inflammatory processes and evaluate its medicinal potential.
Methods:
Scientific articles and literature were used to highlight the research.
Results:
The leaves of Salvia officinalis are rich in phenolic acids (rosmarinic acid, caffeic
acid), diterpenoids (carnosic acid, carnosol), triterpenoids (ursolic acid, oleanolic acid), and
monoterpenoid components of essential oil (α- and β-thujone, 1,8-cineole, camphor). These bioactive
substances are the main sources of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Animal studies have
shown that sage extracts produce significant anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in various
inflammation models (such as carrageenan-induced edema, formalin tests). Carnosol and ursolic acid
have been proven to reduce abdominal and joint inflammations. Topical application: Ointments and
gels based on sage have reduced swelling, redness, and cell infiltration in skin inflammations, eczema,
and dermatitis models. In clinical practice, sage tea or mouth rinses have been effectively used in
stomatitis and gingivitis. Clinical observations: Large-scale clinical trials in humans on inflammatory
diseases are still lacking.
Conclusion:
Salvia officinalis (sage) has significant anti-inflammatory biological activity, and
the molecular mechanisms of its main active components—rosmarinic acid, carnosic acid, carnosol,
and ursolic acid—have been scientifically proven. These compounds act by suppressing pro-
inflammatory pathways such as NF-κB, COX-2, and iNOS and enhancing antioxidant defenses.
Invitro and invivo studies have shown that sage extracts reduce cytokine production, tissue swelling,
473
Volume 5, Issue 10: Special Issue
(EJAR)
ISSN: 2181-2020
MPHAPP
THE 6TH INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL
CONFERENCE
“
MODERN PHARMACEUTICS: ACTUAL
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS
”
TASHKENT, OCTOBER 17, 2025
in-academy.uz
and cell infiltration during inflammation. Clinical observations have also recorded beneficial results
in dental inflammations and some symptomatic conditions.
