San'at va gumanitar Fanlar boshqa mavzular

The article contains a classification of proverbs and sayings according to their meaning, usage and lexical composition, touches on the
reasons causing difficulties in translation. It shows the factors that affect the translation of proverbs and sayings, the problems encountered in this process and their solutions. The article emphasizes the importance and the role of the paremic layer of the language, as well as definitions of proverbs and sayings. It is worth noting that the recommendations that are given in the article are both theoretical and practical. The article discusses proverbs and sayings in accordance with the topic

Paxta tozalash korxonasida ishlab chiqarilgan paxta tolasi tarkibida nuqson va iflos aralashmalar mavjud bo'lib, ular ip-kalava ishlab chiqarish jarayoniga salbiy ta’sir ko'rsatadi. Maqolada jinlash jarayonida tola namligining ishlab chiqarilayotgan tola tarkibidagi nuqson va iflos aralashmalar miqdoriga ta’siri o'rganilgan.

Современный человек может постигать иную культуру авербальным способом (например, через танец, музыку, созерцание живописи). Однако большинство самых сложных и глубоких смыслов открывается через язык, через информационный текст и художественную литературу.

Ролевые игры на уроках русского языка стимулируют мотивацию и интерес к изучению предмета. Они служат основой для развития личностных качеств учащихся. Ролевые игры помогают ученикам применять свои знания, умения и навыки на практике, что делает их эффективным методом обучения.

This article deals with Factors of innovative approach in improving the pedagogical skills of school teachers. There are some factors about how to be a qualified teacher.

In the classic science of rhyme, the composition of rhyme has a vital role in determining the types of rhyme. The composition of rhyme is one of the basic elements which makes a rhyming word complete. Arab poets claim that there are 6 hurufs and 6 harakats (movements) on the basis of rhyme. Of these, hurufi tasis, dahil, ridf, raviy, vasl, khuruj are letters of rhyme while itloq, hazv, rass, ishbo', tavjih, nifod are stated as movements of rhyme. Ajam scholars, on the other hand, differ from the Arabic scholars, found 9 types of hurufi qofia. Sources of classical rhyme say that the rhyme consists of 9 letters and six movements. In the article, 6 movements of rhyme are studied.

This article deals with the typological category ofcausativization in the material of languages of different systems and
different genealogical families. In the Uzbek language grammars and in some scientific works the verbs with the forms of causativization such as “o`qitmoq” – «make/let someone read», “yozdirmoq” – «make/let someone write» are considered to be one of the forms of the category of voice (causative voice). In the English language this linguistic phenomenon is expressed by the combination of the auxiliary verb make/let/get/cause to/+object+infinitive: I make my student read, etc. These auxiliary verbs have lost their lexical meaning and acquired the grammatical meaning of causativization in the mentioned above patterns. In the Uzbek language the
affixal morphemes - dir, - tir, - giz, etc are added to the root or the stem of the verb, at the result of which the verb acquires the meaning of causativization

The issue of restoring national characteristics and historicity remain highly relevant both theoretically and practically in contemporary translation studies. Addressing this challenge in the translation process requires a creative approach, the effective utilization of lexical and semantic resources, and the preservation of the overall aesthetic essence of the original work. These factors play a crucial role in ensuring the accuracy and authenticity of the
translated text.

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Khorezm's Muhammad Rahimkhan Feruz created a unique literary atmosphere around his palace. Poets and writers who are Tabibi, Mutrib, Bayani, Avaz Otar, and Chokar worked during this period. The works of the poets are in Persian-Tajik and Turkish languages and have their own traditions. The interest in science significantly grew in Khiva. According to the khan's decree, qualified secretaries set up devons, mukhammases, bayozs, tazkirs, and complexes. At present, such works are kept in the manuscript fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan and in the Ichankala Museum in Khiva. The collection "Majmuai mukhammasoti ash-shuaroi Feruzshahiy" is a large source of lyrical works of Khorezm literary environment. The complex was built in the second half of the XIX century and was built by Tabibi by royal decree. It contains samples of poems by contemporary artists. This source, which provides valuable information about the literary environment of its time, is now stored in the main fund of the Institute of Oriental Studies named after Abu Rayhon Beruni of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan under inventory number 1134. The complex differs from other collections in that it consists of poems of the mukhammas genre. Muhammad Hasan Devon Haji Tabib o‗g‗li Mutrib Khonaharab is one of the poets whose works are included in the creative heritage of the poets. The article analyzes the mukhammases of Mutrib Khonaharab, which are connected with the ghazals of the master poets Ogahi and Feruz. The artistic features of Mutrib‘s mukhammases, which are not found in manuscripts, have been studied. It is based on primary sources that the poet‘s ghazal retains aspects such as weight and content, and introduces innovations, focusing on the gradual development of the content. The mukhammas and musaddas included in the collection were studied from the point of view of textual and source studies, comparing them with the poems copied to the manuscript. 

Bugungi kunda jamiyat va tashkilotlar taraqqiyoti va taraqqiyotida ta’lim va ta’limni boshqarishning ahamiyati va o‘rni hech kimdan yashirin emas. Asosan, shaxslarning ilmiy saviyasini va tashkilotlarning dinamizmini oshirish, ularning bilim olamining so‘nggi yutuqlaridan foydalanish iqtidorli va harakatchan kuchlarni tarbiyalash va tayyorlashga tayanmasdan bo‘lmaydi, hattoki, ta’lim muassasalarining iqtisodiy, ijtimoiy, siyosiy, madaniy qudratini va farovonligini oshirish ta’lim va ta’limni boshqarish tizimini kengaytirish va rivojlantirishga bog‘liq. Ushbu maqola yetti yo‘nalishda ta’limni boshqarishning ahamiyati, roli va jarayonini (o‘qituvchining individual va ilmiy xususiyatlari, o‘quv rejasi, ta’limni baholash, sinf boshqaruvi, ta’lim maydoni va jihozlari omili, ta’limni boshqarish va ta’lim tizimi) tushuntirishga harakat qiladi. Va nihoyat, ta'limni baholash kategoriyasi, ta'limni boshqarish jarayonlari va uning o'sish, ijodkorlik, o'quvchilar va o'qituvchilarni o'rganish va o'qitishdagi roli haqida so'z boradi. Ushbu tadqiqot natijalari shuni ko'rsatadiki, ta'limni boshqarish ta'lim tizimining eng muhim omillaridan biri hisoblanadi; Nima uchun ta'lim muhitidagi o'qitish va o'qitish shartlari doimo turli xil o'zgarishlarga duchor bo'ladi? Va bu ta'lim boshqaruvi ta'lim tizimining ushbu o'zgarishlarga moslashishiga yordam beradi. Ta'limni boshqarish - o'qituvchilarni tayyorlash va ularning ma'lumotlarini yangilash, pirovardida o'qituvchilarning martaba ko'tarilishi va talabalarni o'rganishiga yordam beradigan eng keng tarqalgan va eng yaxshi echimlardan biri.

Ushbu maqolada fanlarga oid ma’lumotlar bazasini o‘zlashtirishda informatika faniga oid dasturlar,resurslar, innovatsion metodlarning xususiyatlari ko‘rsatib berilgan. Fanlar va ularning ma’lumotlar bazasini o‘zlashtirish jarayonini soddalashtirish, ularning resurslarini tushunib olishga oid jarayonni ixchamlashtirish bugungi kunning asosiy masalalaridan biridir. Shu boisdan mazkur maqolada elektron resurslarning foydali xususiyatlari bayon qilingan.

Maqolada umumta’lim maktablarida tayanch kompetensiyalar asosida o‘quvchilarning izlanish, tadqiqot madaniyatini bosqichma-bosqich shakllantirish texnologiyasi bo‘yicha izlanishlar natijasidagi fikrlar keltirilgan.

Maqolada perspektivaga oid qonuniyatlardan foydalanish vositasida o‘quvchilarda grafik savodxonlik bo‘yicha o‘quv kompetensiyalarni rivojlantirish jarayonining uzviyligini va uzluksizligini ta’minlashga oid metodik materiallar berilgan bo‘lib, tasviriy san’at darslarida ulardan foydalanishga oid metodik tavsiyalar aniq grafik misollar orqali bayon etilgan.

O‘quvchilarning fanga bo‘lgan qiziqishini yanada oshirish, rasm chizish va tasvirlar bilan ishlashga alohida e’tibor qaratishga alohida ahamiyat berish.

Ushbu maqolada tarjimada konseptlarni konversiv usulda ifodalashning pragmatik asoslari tahlil qilingan. Tarjimaga antropotscntrik yondashuv matnlarni bir tildan ikkinchi tilga tarjima qilish jarayonida inson madaniyati, idroki va tiliga e’tibor qaratishni anglatishligi asoslangan. Konseptlarning kognitiv harakatlar doirasida shakllanishi tavsiflangan. Tarjima jarayonining kognitiv xususiyatlari tahlili tarjima faoliyatini konseptlar bilan ishlashga chorlashligi ko’rsatib o’tilgan.

Shahar atrofini o'zgartirish masalalari zamonaviy shaharsozlik va ijtimoiy talablarga asoslangan bo'lsa, kichik tarixiy shaharlar markazlarini rivojlantirishning zamonaviy sharoitida muammolar paydo bo'ladi. Bir tomondan, tarixiy ekologik qadriyatlarni saqlash, boshqa tomondan, zamonaviy qulaylik tushunchasiga mos keladigan yangi ekologik fazilatlarni egallash. Kichkina shaharning shahar muhitining muammolaridan biri bu rivojlanmagan, foydalanilmayotgan yoki tashlandiq joylarning mavjudligi.

Tarixiy binolar jamiyat madaniy merosining ajralmas qismidir. Ushbu tuzilmalar shahar yoki mintaqaning tarixi va rivojlanishidan dalolat beradi. Tarixiy binolarni saqlash va tiklash murakkab, ko'p qirrali va ko’p mablag’ talab etadigan jarayondir, ammo ular bunga arziydi, chunki ular bizning tarixiy merosimizni tiklashga va ildizlarimizni saqlab qolishga yordam beradi. Ushbu maqolada tarixiy binolarni saqlash va tiklashning ahamiyati va uning mahalliy hamjamiyatdagi ta'siri yoritilgan.

Maqolada kadrlar malakasini oshirishning dolzarbligi, tarixchi o'qituvchining kasbiy va pedagogik mahorati, ijtimoiy-madaniy kompetentsiyaning mohiyati va ahamiyati haqida so'z boradi. Shuningdek, tarix fani o‘qituvchilarining malaka oshirish jarayonida ijtimoiy-madaniy kompetentsiyasini rivojlantirishning dolzarb masalalari yoritilgan.

Ushbu maqolada talabalar tadqiqoti va talabalar texnologiyalari, asosiy kompetensiyalarga asoslangan ilmiy madaniyatni shakllantirish bosqichlari bo'yicha ishonchli ma'lumotlar bayon qilingan

tabbiy fanlarni o‘qitishda tibbiy gigiyenik ta’lim-tarbiyaning
samaradorligini oshirish hamda o‘quvchilarga samarali yetkazish usullari, yangicha
innovatsion pedagogik yondashuvlar va texnologiyalarni qo‘llash, amaliy
mashg‘ulotlar, simulyatsiyalar va multimediya vositalari yordamida talabalarga
gigiyenik qoidalar haqida chuqur bilim berish zarurligi ta’kidlanadi.

Статья посвящена сопоставительному исследованию языковых средств и способов образования эвфемизмов русского и узбекского языков.
Представленные классификации способов образования эвфемизмов, в данной статье, опираются на исследования ведущих лингвистов данной области языкознания. Это, в основном, семантические сдвиги, заимствования, синонимия, формальные способы образования эвфемизмов, такие как сложение слов, аффиксальное словообразование, различные стилистические тропы и фигуры, типа: метафоризация, метонимизация, перифраза, литотес, антифраз, эллипсис, апокопия и др.

Ushbu maqolada T.Tolstayaning “Kys” distopik romani oliy o‘quv yurtida adabiyot o‘qitish amaliyotida janr belgilanishi kontekstida tahlil qilinadi. Oliy o`quv yurtlarida adabiyot darslarida aks ettirish texnologiyalarining metodik usullari ham ochib berilgan. Adabiyot darslarida muammoli ta’lim jarayonida rivojlantiruvchi muhit yaratishning majburiy pedagogik sharti aks ettirish bosqichi ekanligi ko‘rsatilgan. Bu talabalarga olingan natijalarni shakllantirishga, keyingi ish maqsadlarini aniqlashga va keyingi harakatlarini tuzatishga yordam beradi.

В данной статье рассмотрен один из типов перехода частей речи – субстантивация в русском языке. Примеры рассмотрены на материале Словаря омонимов русского языка.

Stilistika dastlab tilshunoslik va adabiyotshunoslik chorrahasidagi soha sifatida shakllangan. Mazkur soha bugungi kunda oʻzining qator tadqiqotlar doirasiga ega. Stilistikaning bugungi rivoji uning tarixini oʻrganishga qiziqish uygʻotishi tabiiy. Mazkur maqola stilistik ilmiy paradigmaning shakllanish asoslarini tadqiq qiladi.

Maqolada mamlakatimizda sport ta’lim tizimiga joriy etilaѐtgan o‘zgarishlar va yangiliklar jaraѐnida sport turlari bo‘yicha trener-o‘qituvchining ijtimoiy-madaniy kompetentligini rivojlantirish jihatlari baѐn etilgan.