INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
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STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS ON THE
BIOSPHERE
Assistant Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Bekzod Umarov Bakhtiyorjon ugli
Student at Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Kholmatova Munisa Azizbek kizi
Student at Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Zafarjonov Og’abek Zafarjon ugli
Annotation
: This article provides a comprehensive analysis of current environmental problems
and their impact on the biosphere. At the national and global levels, there are such important
environmental problems as atmospheric pollution, water and soil contamination, biodiversity
loss, and climate change. The article highlights the connection of these problems with human
activity, their impact on the biosphere, and the measures being taken to maintain ecological
balance. This article focuses on highlighting important issues related to environmental problems
and proposing solutions.
Keywords
:Ultraviolet rays, atmosphere, environment, global warming, nuclear war in the
biosphere, gases, coal
Аннотация
:Данная статья содержит обширный анализ современных экологических
проблем окружающей среды и их влияния на биосферу. В нашей стране и во всем мире
существуют такие важные экологические проблемы, как загрязнение атмосферы,
отравление воды и почвы, сокращение биоразнообразия и изменение климата. В статье
освещается связь этих проблем с деятельностью человека, их влияние на биосферу и
принимаемые меры по поддержанию экологического баланса. Эта статья посвящена
освещению важных вопросов, связанных с экологическими проблемами, и предложению
решений.
Ключевые слова
:Ультрафиолетовые лучи атмосфера, окружающая среда, глобальное
потепление, ядерная война
Atmospheric air is invisible and full of elements and is important as an abiotic factor of
the environment. Air contains 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, 0.94% argon, 0.03% carbon dioxide,
and other gases. Carbon dioxide participates in the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis
occurs under the influence of carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight, and its products consist of
glucose, oxygen, and water vapor. Human activity is increasing carbon dioxide emissions into
the atmosphere.
Gas, coal, and other heating oil products are the remains of organisms that lived millions
of years ago, and their reserves are dwindling. When these fuels are released into the
atmosphere as a result of their use, the amount of CO2 gas increases, and this gas leads to a
number of problems. An increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere primarily leads to
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 2486
global warming on Earth. The hottest climate in the United States Observed in California's
Dead Valley in July 1913. The highest temperature was 570 C. The record lowest temperature
was observed in Antarctica, reaching -89°C.The composition of ozone molecules from oxygen
atoms. They are formed as a result of chemical processes between sunlight and oxygen.
Global warming: From 1895 to 1995, the average daily temperature on Earth increased
by 10C over a 100-year period. No one can definitively say whether this is the result of human
activity or the natural weather of the Earth. What changes could global warming lead to? The
number of storms may increase. The melting of the ice poles began, which raised the sea level
and submerged coastal areas. The warming of the weather is causing tropical diseases, for
example, a high prevalence of malaria is observed.
Deterioration of the ozone layer: The 20 km high part of the Earth's surface is a piece of
the atmosphere, which is considered the Ozone layer. The ozone layer traps harmful ultraviolet
rays from the sun. Because, Ultraviolet rays damage living cells.Every spring, a periodic
thinning of the ozone layer is observed. The thinning of the ozone layer is called ozone layer
depletion. Polluted gases are the main cause of this problem, especially CFC
(chlorofluorocarbon) is used in the cooling system of glaciers and cold regions. After CFC is
released into the air, it continues to rise in the atmosphere until it reaches the ozone layer. CFC
acts chemically on the ozone layer and breaks down ozone molecules.
Ultraviolet rays: Due to the destruction of the ozone layer, the amount of ultraviolet rays
reaching the Earth's surface is increasing. Ultraviolet rays are also contributing to an increase in
skin cancer in humans. This can also harm other organisms. The ozone layer is crucial for
sustaining life on Earth, so countries around the world should stop using CFC in their industries.
Protects the earth from danger.
Recycling: This is a form of reuse that involves the transformation of natural resources
or goods. Recyclable materials include glass, metals, paper, plastic, yard and kitchen appliances.
What's the difference between recycling and reuse?Plastics are a bit more difficult to
recycle than other materials. Because many types of plastic are used. On each plastic container,
the type of plastic used for processing is indicated and a processing code is established. Many
plastic bags are made from 2 or 4 types of plastic. Types 6 and 7 are not always recycled, as
they are made from a mixture of various plastics. Before processing, each type of plastic must
be carefully separated.
From the obtained results, it can be seen that the solar radiation flux, the magnetic field
strength, is high and varies on the Earth. It causes the widespread transmission of diseases,
including cholera epidemics.
Diseases, various disasters, and ecological changes on Earth depend on the activity of
thermonuclear reactions occurring in the sun and space, changing the strength of the Earth's
magnetic field and affecting human mood, that is, human ecology. The task of modern natural
science, ecology, and environmental protection is not only to rationally use and study nature,
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
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but also to prevent the negative consequences that may arise in the future. For this, it is
necessary to comprehensively study the processes occurring in the biosphere.
The part of the Earth inhabited by living organisms is called the biosphere. The
biosphere, as the geographic shell of the Earth, includes the lithosphere, hydrosphere, and the
lower part of the atmosphere. The boundary of the biosphere is in the hydrosphere up to a depth
of 12 km, and in the atmosphere up to an altitude of 15 km. In the Earth's crust, mainly living
organisms live.
Autotrophic plants play a major role in the formation of the biosphere. Chlorophyll
plants, absorbing sunlight, lead to the formation of photosynthetic organic substances. As a
result of photosynthesis, the Earth annually absorbs 100 billion tons of organic matter, 200
billion tons of CO2, and releases 145 billion tons of free oxygen. Thanks to plants, life develops
mainly on Earth, and there is a sufficient ecological environment for living beings. The stability
of the atmosphere is maintained by living beings, especially the plant world, which eliminates
the disagreement between nature and society.
However, if science and technology develop rapidly at the beginning of the 20th and
21st centuries, and if humanity does not rationally use underground and surface mineral
resources to meet its needs, a discrepancy will arise between nature and society. Academician
V.I. Vernadsky, speaking about the way to eliminate the discrepancy between the biosphere and
man, says that this is resolved by the "noosphere." Academician Yu.A. Kasygin also explains
the discrepancy between nature and society. Of course, if we continue to pollute the
environment by using technologies that are not embodied in the process of using mineral
resources, a disproportionate situation will arise between nature and society, leading to global
(large) environmental problems.
In order to solve and prevent major problems between nature and society, namely crises,
conflicts, conditions of war and peace in the "noosphere," work is being carried out on long-
term modeling between "mathematical models of nature conservation," "war and peace." The
accumulation of modern missile-nuclear weapons, this catastrophe leads to the destruction of
not only people, but also the biosphere. Currently, the capacity of nuclear weapons is 12,000 mt,
which is a millionth of the bomb dropped on Hiroshima. The bomb dropped on Hiroshima
(August 6, 1945) had a power of 5 mega tons.
Nuclear war is a catastrophe for all living things in the biosphere. This is because a large
amount of nitrogen oxides is produced during nuclear explosions. These nitrogen oxides react
with the ozone layer at an altitude of 22-30 km and destroy the ozone. As a result, an increase
in the amount of ultraviolet radiation coming from the Sun and space on Earth can lead to the
death of living organisms from radiation sickness. Including humans, because the ozone layer
transmits a small amount of ultraviolet radiation to us, preserving the biosphere and ecological
system on Earth. In addition, in environmental pollution, various gases, heavy metal ions,
phenol, hydrocarbons, benzene, pyrene, and other substances accumulate in the lower part of
the atmosphere, forming a film called "smog." As a result of the formation of this layer,
sunlight increases the temperature on the ground, which leads to a catastrophe called the
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 2488
"greenhouse effect," just as it increases the heat under a closed film in a greenhouse. As a result
of rising temperatures on Earth, glaciers melt and lead to disasters such as floods.
If nuclear weapons are used in conflicts between states, one of the problems called
"nuclear winter," which will completely change the biosphere and human conditions, is the
"nuclear winter" arising from nuclear war.
Powerful atomic and hydrogen bombs were detonated, and as a result of wars, fires
broke out over large areas, releasing 100-200 million tons of smoke into the environment.
Additionally, atomic and hydrogen bombs lifted thousands of tons of dust to a height of 20 km,
circling the Earth's surface once for 29 days before reaching the Sun reduces the intensity of
radiation reaching the ground by 10-100 times. As a result, the temperature drops to 15-200°C,
the ripening of agricultural crops is delayed, and most of the northern regions are covered with
ice, becoming like winter.
If 5000 mt bombs are used, the "nuclear winter" will last for 100 days. When 10,000 mT
bombs are used, it lasts up to 300 days, and the average temperature drops from 10°C to 20°C.
Therefore, this catastrophe is called "nuclear winter," and it is emphasized that humanity must
rationally use nature's blessings, resources, and riches.
From Russian chronicles, the consequences of forest fires from 1092 onwards are
widely documented. In the fire of 1371, even during the day, only the disk of the Sun was
visible - wild animals roamed among people during the day. In 1915, when a fire broke out in
Siberia covering an area of 120 thousand km, the wheat ripened half a month late, and the yield
sharply decreased. Fire in Alberta, Canada in 1950 smoke was observed in the Atlantic Ocean,
in
military
Europe
at
an
altitude
of
8-10
km.
The 1972 fire spread from the White Sea to the Black Sea, stretching 200-400 km in width to
6000 km, rising to a height of 5 km, causing a decrease in temperature and solar radiation
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 2489
intensity. If global nuclear conflicts occur on Earth, in addition to "nuclear winter" disasters,
conditions in the atmosphere and biosphere will completely change as a result of severe fires,
winds, and temperature changes. From the explosions of atomic and nuclear weapons,
radioactive contamination, aerosols, warming of the atmosphere, thermal radiation, explosions
of dust volcanoes from the earth's surface, hot radiation from the earth's surface, such important
processes arise, which lead to the complete disappearance of some species of living beings.
Conclusion
Environmental problems are disrupting the stability of the biosphere and posing serious threats
to humanity. To solve these problems, it is important to increase the responsibility of each
individual and society, develop environmental culture, and take decisive measures by states.
Maintaining ecological balance, creating a healthy and sustainable environment for future
generations is our most important task.
List of used literature:
1). "Environmental problems and ways to solve them" - Collection of scientific articles.
Tashkent, 2023.
P.S.Sultanov Ecology and Environmental Protection. Music Publishing House T.:2007
3. Ergashev A.E., Ergashev T.A. Ecology, Biosphere and Nature Protection. "Chinor ENK"
T.2009.
D.Yormatova, Sh.Ubaydullaev. Environmental monitoring. Science and Technology T:.2012
