INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 261
THE RELEVANCE OF WASTE MANAGEMENT IN CITIES.STUDY OF STREET
LITTER AND THE ECOLOGICAL CULTURE OF URBAN RESIDENTS
B.B.Umarov
Assistant at Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Razzoqova Rayhona Zokirjon qizi
Student of the Andijan Institute of Agriculture and Agrotechnologies
Annotation:
this article is devoted to the study of such issues as the relevance of the problem
of waste in modern cities, the increase in street litter, and the role of the ecological culture of
urban residents in this regard. The article analyzes the types and quantities of waste generated
in cities and their negative impact on the environment. The article provides practical
recommendations for solving the waste problem in cities, reducing street litter, and
improving the ecological culture of the population.
Keywords
:City, waste, street garbage, solids, ecological culture, population, processing,
environment, ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
Аннотация
:Данная статья посвящена изучению таких вопросов, как актуальность
проблемы отходов в современных городах, увеличение количества уличного мусора и
роль экологической культуры горожан в этом отношении. В статье анализируются
виды и количество отходов, образующихся в городах, и их негативное воздействие на
окружающую среду. В статье представлены практические рекомендации по решению
проблемы отходов в городах, сокращению количества уличного мусора и повышению
экологической культуры населения.
Ключевые слова
:Город, отходы, уличный мусор, твердые вещества, экологическая
культура, население, переработка, окружающая среда, черные и цветные металлы.
Large-scale industrial enterprises produce millions of tons of waste. Therefore, it is
necessary to properly organize the processing and use of these wastes. With the rational use
of accumulated industrial waste, large quantities of mineral fertilizers, building materials,
technological and household fuels are produced. Because they occupy a very large amount of
land. A large amount of waste is used to improve soil composition. Rocks and lime are added
to the soils, and if the acid content is excessive, neutralizing agents are used. Waste from
central heating plants contains 53% SiO2, 24 % Al2O3, 10% Fe2O and FeO, 2% CaO, 1%
MgO, 4% alkali metal oxides, and only 6% absolutely non-combustible substances. It is
necessary to consider the technical, economic, and organizational aspects of using a portion
of ash directly, as well as the production of clay, aerated concrete, expanded clay concrete,
and semicite bricks.
In all industrially developed countries, a huge amount of solid waste accumulates.
Solid waste not only pollutes the environment but also occupies a huge area of land. From
this land, as a cropland, it is possible to grow cultivated plants and produce products
beneficial to humans. Solids not only pollute the atmosphere, but also contain secondary
useful substances, which can only be extracted by processing. If solids remain for a long time,
water from precipitation flows and pollutes the surrounding area. Combustion of these wastes
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 262
is absolutely unacceptable; highly toxic gases and solid metals are released into the
atmosphere with the smoke.
As a result of rain and snow falling on it, toxic substances gradually penetrate the soil
and poison groundwater. In places where solid waste has accumulated and remained for a
long time, it is also forbidden to plant plants there for a long time after cleaning. Since the
plant is cultivated, it is not permissible to consume these products. Because these plants carry
many toxic substances from the soil through nutrients. These soils contain a large amount of
iron, chromium, and other substances, depending on the type of solid waste. According to the
treatment standard 12.1.007-76, industrial waste is divided into four groups based on the
content of toxic substances and environmental pollution:
1. extremely dangerous;
2. very dangerous;
3. moderate risk;
4. slightly dangerous.
Group 4 includes industrial waste that does not contain toxic substances. This group
of waste contains phosphates, manganese, and mercury salts of zinc.
Group 3 includes industrial waste containing copper sulfate, copper oxalic acid salts, nickel
chloride, lead oxide, and others, which pose a threat to human life.
Group 2 is considered highly hazardous due to the presence of mercury, arsenic, chromium,
lead, nitrogenous nitrogen, and other toxic salts in the composition of industrial waste, which
pose a threat to human life.
Industrial waste, depending on the type of waste, is divided into production waste and
recyclable waste in Russia. It is known that not all waste can be buried or burned; some of it
can be recycled to extract the necessary substances from its composition. When solid waste is
recycled and utilized according to its type, the possibility of their use increases. For example,
they can be divided into:
Waste of ferrous and non-ferrous metals.
2. Mineral waste - waste containing ash, slag, and coal.
3. Waste of plastics and polymers.
4. Waste of cotton-paper, wool, silk and synthetic fibers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 263
5. Rubber-containing waste.
6. Nitrogen-containing waste.
7. Waste of glass and building materials.
As can be seen from the above, some of them are buried and completely destroyed,
but the remaining part is processed to obtain a second product. Consequently, since this type
of waste is also present in the industry of our Republic, it is necessary to manage to neutralize
it to the best environmentally friendly state and create a waste-free product technology at the
industrial enterprise. Enterprise waste is divided into two types: the first type is usable, and
the second type is completely unusable.
Today, there are large landfills around cities, in which not only household waste, but
also industrial waste, emitting radioactive substances, occupies a large area. Industrial and
radioactive waste is a type of waste that is hazardous to human and other living organisms.
That is why the composition and type of waste should always be studied by specialists and
specialists in this field. This prevents significant harm that threatens human life. As a result
of waste analysis, even American police can capture a large terrorist group, which means that
waste analysis also contributes to ensuring the security of this country, since terrorists throw
many things into the waste. Or from mailboxes Many crimes are also solved through waste
paper, as police officers often immediately inspect garbage bins. Today, it is necessary to
develop the science of harbology, since the number of people in the world is increasing, and
the amount of household and other waste from them is growing day by day. Most people
should now go into waste recycling, waste is the cheapest raw material, and people here are
too lazy to recycle it or don't understand it. Of course, waste is a big source of income, it will
come to your database, it just needs to be recycled. The most difficult process is sorting,
compressing, burning, burning, and eliminating harmful gases to ensure it doesn't harm
people. Radioactive materials are buried deep, so as not to pose a danger to human.
Conclusion
This study is devoted to the study of such important issues as the relevance of the
problem of waste in the urban environment, the increase in street litter, and the role of the
ecological culture of citizens in this regard. The results of the study showed that the increase
in waste in cities has a serious negative impact on the environment, which is mainly due to
the low ecological culture of the population, the insufficiency of the waste management
system, and the underdevelopment of infrastructure.
LIST OF REFERENCES USED:
1. Alikhanov B. Ecological Review of Uzbekistan. Tashkent, 2008.
2. D. Yormatova. Industrial Ecology. Tashkent 2008.
3. D. Yormatova. Modern concept of natural sciences. Tashkent 2008.
4. D. Yormatova. Guide for seminars on ecology. Tashkent. 2011.
5. Zvereva R.Yu., Safaev B. Manual on Agrometeorology. Tashkent. 1996
Electronic educational resources
1. "Waste Recycling" Portal
2. http://www.new-garbage.com/
