INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
American Academic publishers, volume 05, issue 05,2025
Journal:
https://www.academicpublishers.org/journals/index.php/ijai
page 955
INNOVATIVE POTENTIAL AND EFFICIENCY OF INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES
IN UZBEKISTAN
Rajabova Dilbar Ikhtiyor kizi
Asia International University
Abstract:
This article is devoted to the study of the innovative potential of industrial
enterprises in Uzbekistan and its efficiency. The study analyzes the level of development of
innovative processes in the country's industry, technological innovations and their economic
efficiency. The article considers the factors that hinder the innovative activity of enterprises,
as well as ways to eliminate them. Emphasizing the importance of innovations in the
economy of Uzbekistan, the possibilities of increasing the competitiveness of the industry
through the use of foreign experience and advanced technologies are considered.
Keywords:
innovative potential, industrial enterprises, technological innovations, efficiency,
economy of Uzbekistan, competitiveness.
Introduction:
The main direction of the global economy in the 21st century is the transition
to an economic model based on knowledge and innovation. According to the World Bank,
more than 60% of gross domestic product (GDP) in developed countries is created due to
intellectual capital and innovative technologies. In particular, due to the fourth industrial
revolution (Industry 4.0), technologies such as artificial intelligence, big data and the Internet
of Things (IoT) are fundamentally changing production efficiency.
Uzbekistan has also identified the development of an innovative economy as one of its
priorities during the comprehensive reforms implemented since 2017. The decree of President
Sh.M. Mirziyoyev on the “Strategy of the New Uzbekistan” dated January 28, 2022, indicates
“making our country competitive in the world market through the development of an
innovative economy” as the main task. However, the innovative potential of Uzbek industrial
enterprises still does not meet international standards. According to the Statistical Committee,
the share of innovative products in industrial enterprises in 2023 will be around 12%, which
is significantly lower than in the European Union countries (45%) and South Korea (55%).
This article presents an analysis of the main theoretical and practical works of Uzbek and
foreign researchers on innovative potential and its effectiveness.
Literature review.
The impact of innovative capacity on enterprise performance has been
studied in many studies. Nobel Prize laureate Robert Solow, in his neoclassical growth model,
identified technological progress as the main source of long-term economic growth.
According to his model:
Traditional resources such as labor and capital only provide structural growth
temporarily;
Innovation (technological progress) increases labor productivity in the long term and
leads to sustainable growth;
According to Solow's calculations, more than 80% of GDP growth in the United
States between 1909 and 1949 was due to technological progress.
1
Robert Solow "A Contribution to the Theory of Economic Growth" (1956)
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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From the studies analyzing innovative activity in industrial enterprises in Uzbekistan, it can
be seen from the works of Abdurakhmonov and Usmanova that investments in innovation are
relatively low due to the priority of the country's mainly resource-based economy. However,
in recent years, positive changes have been observed in the introduction of new technologies
in the IT, textile, chemical and processing industries.
Analysis of results.
Today, the successful implementation of all strategic plans for
the modernization and renewal of our country, the development of the economy on the basis
of a qualitatively new, modern structural structure, as well as the comprehensive socio-
economic development of regions, directly depends on the rapid development of
infrastructure networks and their effective use. It is the expansion and qualitative
improvement of infrastructure networks that contribute to the overall economic development
of the country, the production creates the basis for achieving high efficiency in the production
and services sector, and also serves to ensure economic and social equality between regions.
In this regard, the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev “On
the Strategy of Actions for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan”
stipulates that “... reducing the energy and resource consumption of the economy, widely
introducing energy-saving technologies into production, expanding the use of renewable
energy sources, and increasing labor productivity in economic sectors” is one of the most
priority tasks to be solved in our republic in the coming years and in the future. Successful
implementation of this priority task sets before industrial enterprises the task of further
increasing production capacity, improving product quality, successfully withstanding market
competition, expanding the customer base, and also maximizing the profit obtained as a result
of these processes. At the same time, improving innovative management methods at
enterprises, introducing effective management systems, and increasing their competitiveness
remain the main strategic goals.
Nowadays, in a market economy, the process of determining and calculating the effectiveness
of the innovative environment is of great importance. This is done, in particular, by using
various indicators to assess the innovative environment in enterprises. The following main
indicators play an important role in determining the effectiveness of the innovative
environment:
1. Innovation Efficiency Index
This indicator is evaluated in relation to the output (result) of investments in innovation:
Innovation Efficiency Index =
Innovative performances
inputs
Innovative outputs - number of patents, new products, commercialized technologies.
Inputs - R&D expenses, funds allocated to innovation projects.
2
Rakhimov, O. (2020). Prospects for the development of the innovative economy in Uzbekistan.
Karimov, A. (2021). Management of innovation processes in industrial enterprises.
3
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh. Mirziyoyev No. PF-4947 dated February 7, 2017 “On
the Strategy of Actions for the Further Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan”. // Xalq so'zi, February 8,
2017, No. 28 (6722).
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2. Integral efficiency
- E :
E = ∑(
− Z ) ∙
=0
Here:
-next period ;
- t-year result ;
Z - t – cost of innovation ;
is the discounted coefficient .
Integral efficiency can also be referred to as net discounted income, net present value, or net
reduced value.
The development of the economy of the Republic of Uzbekistan at the current stage is
directly related to the widespread introduction of innovations, new techniques and
technologies into production processes. This process, in turn, is carried out on the basis of a
combination of modern scientific achievements, theoretical and practical knowledge. A
comprehensive and in-depth study of the impact of innovations not only on the activities of
individual economic entities, but also on the entire economic system is recognized as one of
the most urgent scientific and practical issues of our time. From this point of view, the
analysis of measures taken in the Republic of Uzbekistan to support innovative development,
introduce advanced technologies, and integrate scientific and research developments into the
economy is of great importance both theoretically and practically.
The innovative potential of enterprises of various forms of ownership, it is important to
clearly identify a number of factors. First of all, it is necessary to identify the motivating
factors that encourage enterprises to embark on the risky path of innovation. These include
tax incentives, state grants, subsidies, loans aimed at financing innovative projects, and other
economic incentives. Secondly, it is necessary to assess the opportunities for enterprises to
implement innovations, that is, the existing scientific and technical potential, qualified
personnel, technological infrastructure, external cooperation relations, and the convenience of
the market environment. As a third important aspect, it is necessary to analyze the
institutional and organizational mechanisms for conducting innovative activities - for
example, the openness of the enterprise management to innovation, the flexibility of the
management system, and innovative approaches to strategic decision-making. Based on these
factors, it will be possible to determine the real level of the innovative potential of enterprises
of various forms and determine the directions for its development.
Years
Total innovative products,
enterprises, units that produce
developments and services
Innovative products,
volume of developments
and services, billion soums
Innovative products,
Expenditures
for
developments and services
billion soums
2016
289
1849
264.4
2017
385
1348.7
372.6
2018
338
3635.9
311.9
2019
683
4614.7
4634.2
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ISSN: 2692-5206, Impact Factor: 12,23
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2020
1601
7043
3757.4
2021
2134
8023
5528.5
2022
2374
10688.2
2571.4
Table 1. Economic indicators of innovative products, developments and services created
by enterprises of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
From the data presented in Table 1, it can be said that in the Republic of
Uzbekistan in 2016, 289 enterprises produced innovative products, developments and
services worth 1,849 billion soums, while in 2022 these figures amounted to 2,374 and
10,688.2 billion soums, respectively. It is worth noting that if we take the number of these
enterprises relative to the total number of enterprises operating in these periods, it was found
that enterprises engaged in the production of innovative products, developments and services
accounted for only 2.3 percent in 2016 (229.9 thousand units) and 12.0 percent in 2022
(285.3 thousand units).
In the Republic of Uzbekistan, the amount of spending on creating innovative products,
developments and services is also changing from year to year. In particular, in 2016, these
expenses amounted to 264.4 billion soums, while by 2022 this figure reached 2,571.4 billion
soums. However, compared to 2015, in 2022, spending on innovative activities decreased by
53.5%. This indicates that the availability of stable sources of financing is an important factor
in the consistent and effective conduct of innovation processes.
Conclusion.
The study of the innovative potential of Uzbek industrial enterprises and its
efficiency shows that in recent years the country has been taking concrete steps to develop
innovative processes. In the period 2016–2022, the number of enterprises producing
innovative products increased from 289 to 2374, and the volume of innovative products
increased from 1849 billion soums to 10,688.2 billion soums. However, these indicators are
still significantly lower than in developed countries, and only 12% of enterprises operating in
Uzbekistan are engaged in innovative activities.
To increase innovation capacity, it is important to take the following measures:
1. Introduction of advanced technologies - increasing production efficiency through the use
of artificial intelligence, IoT, and automated systems.
2. State incentives - providing tax breaks, subsidies, and cheap loans for innovative projects.
3. Strengthening international cooperation - studying foreign experience and technologies,
implementing joint projects
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