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WAYS TO ENHANCE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POLITICAL PARTY OVERSIGHT
Aliyev Ulug'bek Bekmurotovich
1st year master's student of the Faculty of History,
Samarkand State University
Abstract:
This article examines the issue of enhancing the effectiveness of political party
oversight, which is a crucial component of the control system. It identifies two main problems
affecting the efficacy of oversight activities: insufficient knowledge about oversight processes
and a prevailing attitude of indifference. The article substantiates that the solution to these
problems lies in imparting knowledge about social control and fostering spirituality that
cultivates a sense of involvement.
Keywords:
Political parties, social order, social control, social development, bureaucracy,
nominal democracy, real democracy, social oversight, corps of deputies, public opinion,
parliament, sense of involvement, indifference, civil society, social disorder, corruption, strategy
of actions, public oversight.
The country of Uzbekistan is developing with confident steps and taking its rightful place in the
world. However, today some problems are hindering the further development of our country. The
main issue is that the stability of the social order is not fully ensured. The primary obstacle to the
stability of the social order is bureaucracy and corruption. The main reason for bureaucracy and
corruption is the existence of officials who, due to the weakness of democracy, have the
opportunity to violate the law. Speaking about this, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
emphasized: "We have nominal democracy today, and we must transform it into real
democracy." The possibility of violating the law is related to the weakness of control
mechanisms, which are an important element of democracy. For control activities to ensure the
rule of law and the inevitability of punishment, they must be systemic. The control system
consists of joint oversight by the state and society, and their tools should function as a single
mechanism. Such control, that is, the joint oversight of the state and society, can be expressed by
the concept of social control. Today, state control is relatively strong, while public control is
relatively weak. The main instruments of control by society are political parties, the div of
deputies, and the mahalla institution. Therefore, in the above-mentioned speeches, the President
of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev focused on strengthening the control exercised
by political parties and deputies.
Before discussing this topic, it is necessary to define the functions of political parties. As is
known, political parties have three internationally recognized main functions. These are working
with candidates, working with deputies, and shaping public opinion. The implementation of
these functions is related to control activities. Working with candidates and deputies means
forming parliamentary control capable of shaping public opinion by ensuring openness and
transparency in society. In general, it should also be acknowledged that the formation of public
opinion itself is an important element of control. One of the main reasons for the low level of
control activity of political parties and deputies is their insufficient knowledge of control
activities. Another important reason is that the mood of indifference has not been fully curbed
and a sense of involvement has not been sufficiently developed. Therefore, our esteemed
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President's speeches are titled "Parliament should become a true school of democracy, an
initiator and executor of reforms." For parliament to become a school of democracy, its control
must be strong, because democracy is not only the formation of power by the people but also
control by the people.
For the parliament to be the initiator and executor of reforms, it is necessary, first of all, to curb
the mood of indifference and develop a sense of involvement. The development of a sense of
involvement, while curbing the mood of indifference, depends on a person's spiritual growth.
Based on these considerations, it can be said that the solution to the two problems raised in our
esteemed President's speeches depends on two things. The first problem is that the control
activities of political parties and the deputy corps lag behind the level of democratic
requirements. The second problem is the uncurbed indifference and weak sense of involvement
among political parties and deputies. The equating of indifference to hostility in the speech
clearly demonstrates the importance of this problem.
The solution to the first problem lies in equipping political parties and deputies with knowledge
about oversight activities. The solution to the second problem is related to the spiritual elevation
of political parties and deputies. To achieve these two solutions, it is necessary to provide
political parties and deputies with knowledge of the subject "Social Control." This discipline not
only imparts knowledge about control mechanisms but also serves to enhance human spirituality.
This is because implementing social control depends not only on knowledge of oversight
activities but also on a sense of involvement that is formed on the basis of spirituality. Therefore,
it is advisable to teach the subject "Social Control" to political parties and deputies. Knowledge
of social control serves to solve both problems. In other words, the solution to two problems
depends on one thing: social control.
Knowledge of this discipline is developed through collaborative research by scholars in social
sciences and humanities, including historians, philosophers, sociologists, political scientists,
psychologists, and others. The significance of this subject lies in the fact that currently no single
subject in the education system provides comprehensive knowledge about oversight activities.
This is precisely why public oversight, including that by political parties and deputies, does not
meet current requirements. Therefore, teaching the subject "Social Control" not only to political
parties and deputies but also to all civil society institutions should be one of the most urgent
tasks today. To instill knowledge about oversight activities in broad segments of the population,
it is first necessary to develop this knowledge. For this purpose, measures should be taken to
create extensive opportunities for developing knowledge in the field of "Social Control." In this
regard, it is important to establish a Department of "Social Control" in the higher education
system and create conditions for social scientists to conduct research. Some work has already
begun at SamSU in this direction, and since 2012, the subject "Social Control" has been
developed and taught to students.
To comprehend the significance of knowledge about control activities, one must recognize that
building a happy life, which has been humanity's eternal aspiration, is also linked to control. The
most crucial prerequisite for constructing a free, prosperous, and affluent society that provides
people with a happy life - our primary objective - is the establishment of a just social order. This is
because a prosperous society depends on social progress, which in turn relies on social order. The
issue of social order has always been the most complex and pressing problem, and it remains so
today. Social order is a state where adherence to legal and moral norms is ensured, which is
maintained through control activities. However, for control activities to effectively establish social
order, they must comprise a partnership between state and societal control. This joint control by the
state and society is expressed through the concept of social control. History demonstrates that if
control is exercised solely by the state from above, establishing social order becomes problematic.
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As state control intensifies, bureaucracy and corruption grow stronger, leading to social disorder.
This social disorder is considered the most dangerous threat to our national security, potentially
causing catastrophic consequences for any society. Therefore, the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan, Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, is focusing his efforts on combating corruption, as this very vice of
corruption hinders the establishment of social order. At the initiative of our esteemed President, on
October 5, 2016, the development of the Law "On Combating Corruption" was proposed. This law
was quickly drafted and published in the press on January 3, 2017. It serves as a crucial legal
foundation for establishing social order. It should be noted that the President is the person most
invested in social order. This can be illustrated through the example of a family, where it is a simple
truth that parents are the most interested in maintaining order within the household. If we consider
the country as a large family, we can see that the person most interested in maintaining order within
it is the head of state, namely the president.
In the Action Strategy for the Development of Uzbekistan for 2017-2021, developed by our
esteemed President Shavkat Mirziyoyev, and in his speeches titled "Our Parliament must become a
true school of democracy, the initiator and main executor of reforms" at the meeting with
representatives of the chambers of the Oliy Majlis, political parties, and the Ecological Movement
of Uzbekistan, the formation of a mechanism for implementing public oversight and strengthening
the control of political parties and deputies are defined as priority tasks. The subject "Social
Control," which provides knowledge about oversight activities, plays an important role in the
implementation of control by political parties and deputies, as well as in the functioning of the
mechanism of public oversight.
Through the social control training course, opportunities to systematically study the lectures,
speeches, interviews, and works of our esteemed President Shavkat Mirziyoyev will also expand. In
the President's works, the issue of establishing a just social order and its dependence on social
control occupies a central place, because, as we noted above, the President is the person most
interested in the social order provided by oversight activities. Throughout history, heads of state and
wise individuals have sought answers to the question: how can we maintain order in society? Today,
democracy and its constituent element, social control, are recognized as the most optimal way to
establish social order. Therefore, the issues of social order and social control occupy a central place
in the works of our esteemed President.
Based on the above considerations, we propose introducing the course "Social Control" into the
higher education system and incorporating it into the training of political parties and deputies to
enhance their qualifications. Knowledge of social control plays a crucial role in educating a
generation capable of living in a democratic environment and strengthening civil society, including
political parties and deputies. Strengthening civil society is a requirement of the Action Strategy,
developed on the principle "From a Strong State to a Strong Civil Society," which embodies the
essence of our time. This is because the Action Strategy defines the strengthening of civil society
institutions and improving public oversight as priority tasks.
The Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-2909 "On Measures for the
Further Development of the Higher Education System," issued on April 20, 2017, based on the
requirements of the Action Strategy, sets as its main goal the fundamental improvement of the
higher education system, radically restructuring the content of personnel training in line with the
priority tasks of the country's socio-economic development, and creating the necessary conditions
for training highly educated specialists meeting international standards. The most critical condition
for the country's socio-economic development is social order, and its establishment depends on
social control. For instance, a favorable investment climate plays a decisive role in the development
of entrepreneurial activity. A favorable investment environment is understood as one where a fair
social order is established, ensured through social control.
The introduction of the subject "Social Control" into the continuous education system will serve to
establish a social order that ensures the building of a prosperous society, which is our main goal.
This can be expressed by the following concept: "social control - social order - social progress -
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prosperous society," that is, social control ensures social order, social order ensures social progress,
and social progress ensures a prosperous society.
In the training course for political parties and deputies, based on the aforementioned goals and
objectives, it is advisable to focus on topics that provide political parties and deputies with
knowledge about control, as well as knowledge that serves to form a sense of involvement by
curbing the attitude of indifference through spiritual growth. A political party equipped with
knowledge about control will be able to carry out its functions. The main functions of political
parties are working with candidates, working with deputies, and shaping public opinion. The
formation of public opinion is a product of control activities and the most effective means of control.
Knowledge of control activities serves to increase both the political and legal culture of society.
Therefore, it can be said that knowledge of control activities serves to strengthen political parties.
Based on the requirements outlined in the report "Our Parliament must become a true school of
democracy, the initiator and main executor of reforms" delivered by the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev during the videoconference meeting with
representatives of the Oliy Majlis chambers, political parties, and the Ecological Movement of
Uzbekistan on July 12, 2017, a proposal can be made to organize training sessions for deputies
and political parties. These sessions aim to further invigorate their activities by providing
knowledge on oversight functions and ideas that promote the elevation of spirituality, rooted in
moral education. Political parties, equipped with oversight knowledge and having attained
spiritual heights that foster a sense of engagement by curbing indifference, will be capable of
exercising their self-monitoring function. In turn, oversight by political parties will activate the
developing control mechanism in our country and establish a monitoring system capable of
instituting a just social order. This just social order will ensure societal progress and create
conditions for building the aspired prosperous society.
References
1. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Action Strategy on Five Priority Areas of Development of the Republic of
Uzbekistan for 2017-2021. Tashkent, 2017.
2. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Our Parliament Must Become a True School of Democracy, the Initiator
and Main Executor of Reforms. Tashkent, 2017.
3. Mirziyoyev Sh.M. Action Strategy on Five Priority Areas of Development of the Republic of
Uzbekistan for 2017-2021. Tashkent, 2017.
4. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PP-2909 dated April 20, 2017, "On
Measures for Further Development of the Higher Education System." Tashkent, 2017.
5. Nabiev F.Kh. Social Control. Samarkand, 2016.
Foydalanilgan adabiyotlar ro’yxati:
1.
Mirziyoyev SH.M. 2017-2021 yillarda О‘zbekiston Respublikasini rivojlantirishning besh
ustuvor yо‘nalishi bо‘yicha Harakatlar strategiyasi. Toshkent 2017 yil
2.
Mirziyoyev SH.M. Parlamentimiz haqiqiy demokratiya maktabiga aylanishi, islohotlarning
tashabbuskori va asosiy ijrochisi bо‘lishi kerak. Toshkent 2017 yil
3.
Mirziyoyev SH.M. 2017-2021 yillarda О‘zbekiston Respublikasini rivvojlantirishning besh
ustuvor yо‘nalishlari bо‘yicha Harakatlar strategiyasi. Toshkent 2017 yil
4.
О‘zbekiston respublikasi Prezidenti PQ -2909 sonli 2017 yil 20 apreldagi “Oliy talim tizimini
yanada rivojlantirish chora-tadbirlari tо‘g‘risida”gi qarori. Toshkent 2017 yil
5.
Nabiyev F.X. Ijtimoiy nazorat. Samarqand 2016 yil
