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INTERRELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM AND
TRADE UNION ACTIVITIES IN GERMANY
Baxtіyorov Burhon Muzaffar ugli
Uzbekistan State World Languages University
Faculty of International Journalism,
2nd year student of International Relations
burxonbaxtіyorov2323@gmaіl.com
Yaratov Jamil Vasilovich
Advisor on Youth Issues to the Chairman of
the Republican Council of the Trade Union of Education
and Science Workers of Uzbekistan
Annotation:
This article analyzes the main directions, strategies and approaches of the German
school education system, as well as the role and importance of trade unions working in the field
of education. The federal government-based education system in the country, the importance of
the "dual system," and the activities of trade unions in these processes are considered.
The organization of trade union activities in Germany and their role in shaping educational
policy, their activities in protecting the rights of teachers, and their cooperation with other
educational institutions in the field are highlighted. The protection of teachers' rights by trade
unions and their participation in political processes ensure the stability and quality of the school
education system in Germany.
Key words
: federal administration, dual system, union, Gesamtschule , Hauptschule, Realschule,
Gymnasium , Grundschule, GEW
Introduction
In today's modern society, the education system should serve not only to improve the knowledge
and skills of students, but also to prepare them for social labor relations. Germany is one of the
countries that has achieved such a result. And of course, trade unions also play a great role in
achieving this. They protect the rights of teachers, create the necessary conditions for their
professional development and improve the quality of education.
Like many developed countries, school education in Germany is strictly systematized and
oriented according to the level of knowledge and interests of students. This orientation helps to
ensure the employment of each student and to focus all their attention on learning
.
Discussion and results
Since Germany is a federal republic, education and cultural issues are dealt with by the state
parliaments. Each state has its own centralized education system.
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Since education is an important issue for the country's parliament, it is also an important topic for
political decision-making. For example, whether to introduce a comprehensive school
(Gesamtschule) is a political issue, leading some states to experiment with such schools, while
others may oppose it.
Since Germany is a federal state, each region has its own education policy. This helps employees
to work freely and effectively.
The school system is divided into three stages: primary school (Grundschule), secondary schools
(Hauptschule, Realschule, Gymnasium) and the generalized Gesamtschule.
In addition, in vocational education, theoretical knowledge is taught at school, and practical
training is carried out in production facilities. This system is called the “dual education system”
and is highly effective in the German labor market.
The structure of the German education
system is important because it is aimed at preparing students for practical life, because with such
a system, each student finds his place in the future life and contributes to the sustainable
development of the state.
The dual education system is one of the most important directions of the country, where students
acquire practical skills along with theoretical knowledge. This is where the importance of trade
unions is also evident.
The German differentiated system is strict, but it also has several features that soften it:
1. Parents can choose which school their children will attend;
2. There is the possibility of transferring from one type of school to another;
3. Certificates for each type of school are not restrictive and allow access to other stages of
education;
4. There is a “guidance” stage that determines which stage a child is suitable for;
This creates convenience for students and parents.
The roles and responsibilities of school leaders vary from country to country, but typically
include managing staff and budgets, external relations, teacher evaluations, and developing a
school-specific budget.
In Germany, trade unions (Gewerkschaften) are active in many areas of education. The largest of
the trade unions is the GEW (Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft), which protects the
rights and ensures social protection of teachers, professors and other education workers. In the
dual education system, trade unions monitor trainee contracts and provide legal assistance to
students.
The GEW participates in negotiations with the government on education, expressing its position
on budget allocation, teacher salaries and social guarantees.
This union works to reduce stress
among education workers. And from this it can be understood that the trade union in the country
will protect the interests of employees in any case.
1
David Phillips Education in Germany Tradition and reform in historical context. 1995 – P.4
2
Rürup, B. (2015). The Dual Education System in Germany: History, Structure, and International
Relevance. Url:https://www.kas.de/en/
3
EDUCATION POLICY OUTLOOK:GERMANY. OECD April 2014 – 26 p.
4
Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft (GEW). (2024). Tasks and Positions of the GEW in
Education Policy. Url:https://www.gew.de
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Conclusion
Today, the education sector is one of the areas that requires great attention. The education system
in Germany and the activities of trade unions in it play an important role in the balanced
development of the quality of education and the interests of employees in a developing society.
The GEW trade union in the country helps teachers in any field.
The presence of trade unions in the education sector serves to ensure that teachers are visible and
that they truly respect their profession. Through such a system, not only teachers but also parents
are happy, because the more a teacher treats his profession with love, the more quality education
he provides to students.
German teachers have the longest-serving teacher training among all PISA countries, have high
salaries and an aging teaching staff. The introduction of a competitive exam for working as a
teacher is another opportunity to select qualified employees.
REFERENCES:
1.
David Phillips Education in Germany Tradition and reform in historical context. 1995 –
P.4
2.
Rürup, B. (2015). The Dual Education System in Germany: History, Structure, and
International Relevance.
3.
EDUCATION POLICY OUTLOOK:GERMANY. OECD April 2014 – 26 p.
4.
Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft (GEW). (2024). Tasks and Positions of the
GEW in Education Policy. Url:https://www.gew.de
