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DIRECTIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WOMEN'S ENTREPRENEURSHIP
THAT INCREASE EMPLOYMENT LEVEL IN THE ECONOMY.
"UNIVERSITY OF BUSINESS AND SCIENCE"
Mamajonova Gulbahor Tokhirjon kizi
Teacher of the department of Finance
Abstract:
The article discusses issues related to increasing entrepreneurial activity and its
contribution to ensuring employment in the country , ensuring employment through the creation
of new jobs, and factors that contribute to improving people's well-being.
Keywords
: entrepreneurship, environment, business, investment, entrepreneurial activity,
employment , subsidy .
Login.
In the development of socio-economic development, which is a priority for every country,
the level of dignity of the country's population, worldview, principles of national and religious
beliefs, as well as gender equality issues, are recognized as the main influencing factors. Taking
into account these factors, the directions of economic and social development are being
determined in our country. In particular, the issue of women's participation in entrepreneurial
activity, which is seen as the main lever of the economy today, occupies an important place
among the primary and priority tasks of the state.
The expansion of women's participation in entrepreneurial activities, first of all, at the level of
their own and family life, gradually leads to the formation of positive results in the surrounding
environment, neighborhood, district, region and the entire state, society. Currently,
entrepreneurial activity requires from a person the qualities of sensitivity, intelligence, leadership,
striving for victory, the ability to compromise on controversial issues, and the ability to combine
family interests with business. At this point, it should be noted that the high level of formation of
these qualities in women helps them achieve good results in entrepreneurial activity. Another
important feature of women's entrepreneurship is that they create businesses based on creative
and innovative ideas that provide solutions to social problems. According to economists,
currently, countries with a higher share of women in entrepreneurial activity are less likely to
experience a slowdown in economic growth and are less prone to financial crises. Based on the
information provided, it can be noted that women's entrepreneurship is becoming one of the
foundations of social development.
Analysis and results.
As a practical confirmation of this data, if we pay attention to Figure 1, in
2023, the participation rates of women in the labor market are becoming much higher in
countries around the world. In this data, Kazakhstan has the highest rate of 63 percent, China has
61 percent, Finland has 58 percent, Russia and Kyrgyzstan have 54 percent, Turkmenistan has 49
percent, and Uzbekistan has 40 percent. The indicators in the Republic of Uzbekistan show a
lower rate compared to neighboring countries. These data indicate that we need to carry out
multifaceted reforms to ensure the participation of women in the labor market.
Along with female labor market employment rates, studying women's levels of entrepreneurial
activity can provide insights into their participation in the economy.
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Figure 1. Women's labor market participation rates (2023)
According to Figure 2, Finland has the highest percentage of women-owned businesses at 44
percent, followed by Kyrgyzstan and Russia at 34 percent, Kazakhstan at 31 percent, and
Uzbekistan at 26 percent. This data shows the need to focus on women's entrepreneurial activity
and economic activity in countries around the world.
In line with the socio-economic development trends of countries around the world, the priority
tasks of our state are to increase the employment rate of women in our country and to ensure this
by involving them in entrepreneurship, as part of economic growth programs.
Figure 2 Proportion of women-owned enterprises [UNDP, 2025]
As a result of the ongoing reforms, in 2023, small businesses accounted for 55 percent of the
country's GDP. Of the approximately 5.2 million entrepreneurs operating in 2024, 2.1 million
were women. This figure is seven times higher than in 2020, while almost 35 percent of women
employed in the economy are women entrepreneurs. If we study the level of activity of women
entrepreneurs by sector, they are very active in the trade, production and service sectors. At the
same time, women implement 90 percent of social projects in the education sector.
As a result of large-scale reforms in our country on gender equality and women's rights, our
country's score in the World Bank's "Women, Business and the Law" index has increased by
11.9 points and is included in the list of 5 countries that are actively implementing reforms on
gender equality issues. We can see these results in the figure below.
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Figure 3. Ranking of leading cities by World Bank's Women, Business and the Law Index (2024)
In order to increase women's employment and their broad involvement in entrepreneurial
activities, 17 trillion soums of loans were allocated in 2024. As a result of the attention given,
last year our female entrepreneurs created products worth 81 trillion soums and exported 450
million dollars. As a result of the reforms carried out in this direction, the number of employed
women and girls increased from 5.5 million to 6.1 million compared to 2021, and the
unemployment rate decreased from 13.3 percent to 7.4 percent.
The issues we have highlighted above will be prioritized in our country in 2025, and we are
determining that 2025 will be a decisive year in ensuring women's employment. Based on the
speeches of our Honorable President at the solemn ceremony dedicated to International Women's
Day, the goal is to establish a Council of Women Entrepreneurs under the Chamber of
Commerce and Industry, which will be able to directly address the parliament to reduce the
problems of women's unemployment and solve the life problems of women entrepreneurs in the
regions. At the same time, our President has set us the following many tasks as a plan to ensure
women's employment this year [Presidential Speech, 2025].
to ensure the employment of 2,000 of our women this year, to attract 1.3 million of them to
entrepreneurship, and to provide favorable financial packages for this purpose by commercial
banks;
Allocating 3.3 trillion soums for women's entrepreneurship in neighborhoods, providing
another 100 million dollars for family entrepreneurship programs, and providing unsecured loans
of up to 50 million soums to self-employed women by commercial banks;
Providing unsecured loans of up to 100 million soums as part of the program to support
women entrepreneurs, as well as providing grants of up to 50 million soums to 1,000 "mentor"
entrepreneurs who have introduced 5 women to business in the neighborhood;
extension of bank loan payments for women on maternity leave for up to 10 months;
Establish a new 4-stage system for developing women's entrepreneurship
Transforming 2 districts in each region into areas free of unemployed women:
The above-mentioned tasks are very ambitious, and we believe that these efforts will begin to
bear fruit in the coming years. In addition to the many efforts being made to ensure women's
employment, focusing on the issues that hinder their activity levels can help us achieve our goals.
Conclusions and suggestions.
If we look at the nature of the problems, it is in this direction that
the biggest problems, in terms of the proportion of medium-level, solved problems, the biggest
problems are the issue of ensuring a balance between work and family (48 percent), the issue of
access to financial resources (41 percent), the issue of lack of mentoring and guidance (30
percent), the issue of lack of access to the Internet (30 percent), difficulties in entering markets
and establishing contact with customers (29 percent), regulatory and legal barriers (28 percent),
and the issue of lack of business skills and training (28 percent).
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To reduce these indicators, we need to make large-scale efforts to revise traditional cultural
views on the division of labor in Uzbek families, that is, to reduce the unequal gender burden of
caregiving on our women, to gradually increase the levels of financial and digital literacy,
marketing, and legal literacy, and to strengthen the economic and social development of our
country. It contributes greatly to social progress. After all, as our President emphasized, "It
would be right to say that women who, beyond household chores and child-rearing, are studying,
working, and engaging in entrepreneurship are the true heroes of our time."
References
1. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan “On the Strategy of Uzbekistan-2030”
No. PF-158. National Database of Legislative Information, 12.09.2023, No. 06/23/158/0694
2. Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated January 28, 2022 No. PF-60 “On
the Development Strategy of New Uzbekistan for 2022–2026”. Tashkent, “Uzbekistan”, 2022.
3. UNDP, (2025) Women's Entrepreneurship in Uzbekistan: Analysis and Recommendations,
UNDP, 2025.
4. Presidential Speech, ( 2025 ) Speech of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan at the
solemn ceremony dedicated to International Women's Day. New Uzbekistan Newspaper. March
8, 2025
