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PRESERVING THE HISTORICAL ENVIRONMENT OF ANCIENT CITIES WHILE
CREATING A COMFORTABLE URBAN ENVIRONMENT
Tojiboev Ulugbek Irisboevich
Samarkand State University of Architecture and Construction
senior lecturer of the architecture department
ABSTRACT:
The article emphasizes the importance of creating a comfortable urban
environment as a priority in the development of megacities. The impact of living environment
quality on health, psychological state, and the formation of human capital is noted. The author
emphasizes the need to combine modern architectural solutions with the historical appearance of
the city. In the context of urbanization, the threat of cultural heritage loss persists, therefore, the
importance of preserving the historical and cultural environment as an element of national
identity and a resource for the development of tourism and the economy is emphasized..
Keywords:
Comfortable environment, metropolis, living environment, human capital,
architectural solution, city appearance, cultural heritage, historical and cultural environment,
national identity, resource, tourism, economy.
Modern megacities face a number of challenges related to urbanization and the preservation of
historical and cultural heritage. The rapid development of infrastructure and the construction of
new facilities sometimes threatens the destruction of historical monuments and the traditional
appearance of cities. In this regard, integrating historical heritage into modern urban projects is
becoming an important task. One of the key roles in this process is played by universities, which
are scientific and educational centers that not only train specialists but also actively participate in
developing strategies for preserving the historical environment and harmoniously interacting
traditions with modernity.
Universities perform several key functions in preserving the historical heritage of ancient cities.
This is not only training specialists, but also conducting fundamental research, participating in
the design, restoration, and adaptation of historical sites, as well as educational activities among
local residents and the general public.
Creating a comfortable and favorable environment for people to live in cities is one of the main
directions in the development of modern megacities. The quality of the living environment is of
great importance for health and life expectancy. Universities train qualified personnel capable of
working in the field of preserving and adapting historical heritage. The most important
disciplines include the history of architecture, archaeology, cultural studies, and restoration. The
programs teach students not only the technical aspects of working with historical objects but also
form a deep understanding of the cultural value of the historical environment. Education in this
field contributes to the formation of a new generation of architects and urban planners capable of
integrating ancient elements into modern projects. In this context, the experience of universities,
such as the University of Barcelona, which actively develops courses on preserving the cultural
heritage of people, their psychological state, as well as conditions for the upbringing and
development of the individual, is important. Ultimately, this affects the growth of human capital,
which is an important resource for the development of the city [1].
Building a new house is not a difficult task, especially considering the availability of modern
construction technologies and materials. However, to build a beautiful house that combines with
a historical appearance, more effort and special knowledge are required [2].
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In the context of rapid urbanization, new objects appear in ancient cities, industry develops,
modern high-rise buildings are constructed - all of this can lead to the destruction of historical
structures and the loss of cultural heritage. Therefore, today the issue of preserving historical
construction as a spiritual and material value, allowing for the preservation of the traditional
historical and cultural environment, is particularly relevant [3].
Historical and cultural heritage is not just the past, but an important resource for the development
of culture and the country in the future. In this regard, preserving heritage has become one of the
priorities of modern Uzbekistan's cultural policy. Under the personal leadership of the President
of the Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoyev, problems requiring unwavering and high-
quality solutions have been identified [4]. Preserving historical buildings fulfills several social
functions. Firstly, it is the preservation and promotion of cultural heritage, which is part of
national identity. Its transmission to future generations allows for the preservation of cultural
continuity, as well as strengthening the position of national culture in the context of world
civilization [5].
Secondly, preserving historical buildings contributes to the development of tourism. Tourists
prefer to visit cities with well-preserved historical sites. This stimulates the development of the
tourism industry, the local economy, and the creation of new jobs [6].
Creating a comfortable urban environment requires cooperation between government bodies,
architects, and urban planners. It is important to consider the needs of residents and preserve the
historical and cultural context of the environment. This is the path to sustainable development of
the city and improvement of the quality of life of its residents [7].
A vivid example of the careful attitude towards cultural heritage is the preparation of Samarkand
for the SCO summit. For this occasion, the Silk Road Samarkand International Tourist Center,
covering an area of 135 hectares, was built. The complex's design demonstrates a harmonious
combination of historical motifs and modern solutions [8].
(I
invite
your
attention
to
view
several
photographs
of
the
object.)
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This project incorporated the use of traditional materials and technologies to recreate the
authenticity and originality of buildings. This allows for the transmission of unique
characteristics and cultural values to future generations [1].
In addition, the Silk Road Samarkand International Tourist Center also contributes to the
development of the local economy and social infrastructure. The project creates jobs for local
residents and contributes to the development of tourism, which improves the living standards and
well-being of the local community [2].
In general, preserving the historical environment of ancient cities when creating the "Building a
Beautiful House" project requires careful attention to history and culture. Reflecting on the task
at hand, we can highlight several aspects:
Adaptation and restoration. Instead of demolishing old buildings, it is advisable to carry out their
restoration and adaptation to modern needs. This allows for the preservation of the historical
appearance of the city and its architectural features [3].
Using traditional materials and technologies. When constructing new facilities, materials and
methods characteristic of the historical period should be used, which helps preserve the
atmosphere of the city [1].
Preserving the landscape. It is necessary to preserve natural and architectural elements: old trees,
parks, traditional streets - all these are part of the cultural landscape [4].
Taking historical context into account. When designing new buildings, it is important to consider
the architectural environment so that they harmoniously fit into the overall urban appearance [5].
Education and Informing. It is important to conduct educational events for residents and tourists,
explaining the significance of the historical environment, its role in identity and culture [6].
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Conducting research. Studying the history of the city helps to identify important objects worthy
of preservation and understand their cultural value [7].
Tourism development. Tourism focused on historical heritage strengthens interest in culture and
economically supports the preservation of objects - through excursions, cultural routes, and
events [2][8].
Preserving the historical environment requires a comprehensive approach and cooperation from
various participants - universities, public organizations, government bodies, and local
communities. Only in this way can the rich cultural heritage be preserved and passed on to future
generations, and a stable and harmonious living environment be created.
References
1. Lefebvre K. "The quality of the urban environment as a factor in sustainable development" //
Urban development today, 2021.
2. Kuznetsova T.V. "Modern approaches to the reconstruction of historical buildings" //
Architecture and construction, 2020.
3. Vzglyad.uz - On the preservation of cultural heritage in Uzbekistan
4. Gazeta.uz - On supporting restoration projects in Bukhara
5. UNESCO. "Guidelines for the conservation of historic buildings". - Paris, 2018.
6. Salakhetdinova D.M. "Cultural heritage as a resource for tourism development" // Economics
and management, 2019.
7. UN-Habitat project. "Urban planning for sustainable development", 2022.
8.Silk Road Samarkand – official website of the project
9.Silk Road Samarkand — Eternal city: traditional technologies
10.Darakchi.uz — Silk Road Samarkand creates jobs and develops tourism
11.Turakulovna, E. M. U., & Pulatovich, M. B. (2023). Development of energy efficiency of the
external walls of residential buildings being built on the basis of a new model project. Eurasian
Journal of Academic Research, 3(3), 150-155.
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BUILDING WITH MODERN MATERIALS: MODERN TECHNOLOGIES AND TRENDS.
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16.Safarova, I. A., & Baratova, I. (2019). CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OF HISTORIC
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