Authors

  • Latofat O'tkirova
    Oriental Languages Oriental University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.jmsi.122667

Abstract

The overarching aim of this paper is to discuss some fundamental issues in second language assessment to provide classroom practitioners with knowledge to improve their test development skills. This research is to discuss some fundamental issues in language assessment to provide classroom practitioners with knowledge to improve their test development skills.


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AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT PRACTICES

O'tkirova Latofat Sur'at kizi

Teacher. Department of Oriental Languages

Oriental University. Tashkent Uzbekistan

Annotation:

The overarching aim of this paper is to discuss some fundamental issues in second

language assessment to provide classroom practitioners with knowledge to improve their test

development skills. This research is to discuss some fundamental issues in language assessment

to provide classroom practitioners with knowledge to improve their test development skills.

Index Terms –

assessment, Formative evaluation, Illuminative evaluation, summative evaluation,

Interpretation, mode.

INTRODUCTION

An important perspective is the use of vocabulary within particular contexts of use or registers,

and recent corpus research is extending our understanding of the lexical features of academic

registers. This provides a basis for assessing learners’ ability to deploy their vocabulary

knowledge effectively for functional communication in specific academic contexts. It is

concluded that, while current tests of vocabulary knowledge are valuable for certain purposes,

they need to be complemented by more contextualized measures of vocabulary use.
For classroom assessment, Scientists categorized it according to intention, purpose, interpretation,

and administration. In regard to intention, an assessment can be informal when it is a

spontaneous comment, or it can be formal when it is carried out in a systematic manner? In terms

of purpose, an assessment can be formative if it focuses on the process of learning or it can be

summative when it is used to measure student learning outcomes at the end of an education cycle.

An assessment may be used to compare students’ performance with their peers’ performance

(norm-referenced) or it may be employed to compare students’ performance with the course

content (criterion-referenced). Mihai (ibid) clarified that “whereas norm-referenced tests evaluate

students in terms of their ranking to another, criterion referenced tests evaluate students in terms

of their mastery of course content”. The last category of assessment is administration which

refers to the way an assessment is administered or delivered; an assessment may be classroom-

based (small scale) when it is only used in the classroom or it can be delivered statewide or

nationwide (large scale)

1

.

Evaluation. In discussing about language program evaluation, presented three types of evaluation:

Formative

Illuminative

summative evaluation.

1

Laufer, B. & Goldstein, Z. (2004), ‘Testing Vocabulary Knowledge: Size, Strength, and

Computer Adaptiveness’, Language Learning, vol. 54, nº3, pp. 339-436.


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Formative evaluation, as Richards pointed out, is utilized to find out the aspects of a program

that are working well, not working well, and issues that need to be addressed.
Illuminative evaluation, according to Richards, is employed to find out how different aspects of a

program are implemented and this type of evaluation is one way to seek to have “a deeper

understanding of the process of teaching and learning that occur in the program, without

necessarily seeking to change the course in any way as a result”

2

.

Summative evaluation, the kind of evaluation most teachers and administrators are familiar with,

is concerned with determining the effectiveness, efficiency, and to some extent the acceptability

of a language program.
Assessment, moreover, can be conducted by either speaking or writing. Therefore, one more

category of assessment may be added to those provided: mode (oral or written).

III METHODOLOGY

In order to develop the assessment with vocabulary tasks for students selected as an experiment,

lessons were conducted using vocabulary activities to check learners’ knowledge on the process.

Materials of this study encourage teachers to use different test techniques such as vocabulary

tests in order to enhance vocabulary knowledge of learners through assessment. The present

study also can help teachers to decide upon which of this method is more useful.
Descriptive-analytical (observational) method in the process of highlighting the essence and

significance of scientific work, comparative method in order to compare the results of

experimental work and find a clear solution; prognostic (expert assessment, generalization of

independent assessments), pedagogical experimental and mathematical methods (statistical data

processing) were used to provide evidence based on exact figures in the future application of the

results and analysis of its initial results as well as illuminating parts of the discovery and the

result.

DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

The researcher's qualitative approach is used in observation sheets. It is designed to observe the

entire lessons in detail. In addition, needs assessment is structured to consider the needs, desires

and attitudes of learners towards the teaching of group work. Pre and post-tests consist of lessons

in reading skills. At the start of the teaching process, the pre-test is taken and the post-test is

taken at the end of the learning process. Experimental courses were used to perform the present

research. First, before beginning to work with them and having pre and post-tests, the researcher

wanted to observe some lessons from experimental courses in order to compare the findings at

the end of the study. And the analysis of the obtained results is shown in this diagram. Many

students ’needs in developing vocabulary are related to shaping their skills. The greatest need for

vocabulary is the need to understand communication and text content.

2

Schoonen, R., & Verhallen, M. (in press). The assessment of deep word knowledge in young

first and second language learners. To appear in Language Testing.


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Figure 1. Students vocabulary knowledge results after assessment
The data shows about learners’ knowledge on vocabulary and 4 pupils had excellent reading base

while the most 8 of them had good knowledge. However, 5 pupils had satisfactory qualification

on reading whereas 3 pupils had bad degree of reading skills. But no one had too bad degree on

that. The analysis was conducted on quantitative questions to understand students ’perceptions

of vocabulary use in English language classes and in an English context language classroom in a

defined level. To this end, the questionnaires were analyzed in detail.
The results show that assessing with vocabulary tests (during the teaching) method, shows that

students vocabulary knowledge have increased through vocabulary tests assessment, while the

results show surprisingly large changes.

IV. RESULTS

The test results show that learners showed high results in mastering vocabulary within their

topics by organizing training using vocabulary tests in assessment, as well as a variety of

vocabulary tasks through different approaches in the assessment process. The application of

different types of interactive methods through the consolidation of learners' knowledge was

demonstrated in the research process.
After calculating the result of the students score, the mean score and standard deviation of both

types learning classes can be presented in the following figure:


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Figure 2. Results of Two classes
Any situation dictionary serves to make human speech fluent and increase the diversity of speech.

Because Vocabulary tasks can be used to show the grammatically correct use of words, blind

memorization of words is less effective and is quickly forgotten. Therefore, regular and

systematic use of vocabulary tests by learners in the assessment process will always have a

positive effect, and by applying it to life, the pronunciation of words will be improved. It is also

important to develop students' vocabulary skills.

DISCUSSION

It is clear that Assessment is an integral part of any education system and plays an important role

in English as a foreign language context. One of the components of language that is difficult for

test writers is a dictionary, without which the reader will not be able to understand or

communicate in a foreign language. Vocabulary or vocabulary repertoire is a key component of

language knowledge, as well as an important component of communicative competence and

serves as an important element for production and comprehension in a second language.

Vocabulary task is necessary for students to build a large repertoire of vocabulary when learning

a language because people with large concluding remarks, the review of common assessment

options discussed above has shown that the knowledge and skills needed for designing practical,

authentic, reliable, and valid tests are likely to be real challenges for most classroom teachers

who are seldom fully trained to construct quality tests.

CONCLUSION

To sum up, vocabulary test is considered as an apparent example of the indirect method

mentioned above, and it refers to the processes and procedures used by the tester to obtain

information about the optimal performance of stakeholders or typical performance of individuals.

Different kinds of tests, from multiple-choice to gap filling, have been used to assess vocabulary

knowledge in different levels of proficiency; however, the current study will mainly focus on

selected response or Multiple Choice format and Constructed Response format. The results of the

research also show that this type of vacubulary-based tests and assignments used in the process

of assessing the knowledge of students that learners, is very relevant and effective, regular

assessment of their knowledge skills indicators.

REFERENCES


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1.

Bachman, L., & Palmer, A. S. (1996). Language testing in practice. New York, NY:

Oxford University Press.

2.

Djorayeva M, Yuldashova N. (2022) The importance of using interactive methods in the

process of teaching terminology/Pedagogs/Volume 8, Issue-1

3.

Yuldashova N, Ziyodulloyeva M, Khudayberganova M, Madaminova S, Bakhronova

M“Pecularities of using activities for raising students’ socio-cultural competence” /

WebologyVolume 19,№16, pages 5047-5057, 2020.

4.

Mochida, A., & Harrington, M. (2006). The Yes/No test as a measure of receptive

vocabulary knowledge. Language Testing, 23, 73-98.

5.

Read, J. (2000). Assessing vocabulary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Read, J.

(2004). Plumbing the depths: How should the construct of vocabulary knowledge be defined? In

P. Bogaards & B. Laufer (Eds.), Vocabulary in a second language: Selection, acquisition and

testing. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 209-227.

6.

Read, J., & Chapelle, C.A. (2001). A framework for second language vocabulary

assessment. Language Testing, 18, 1-32.

7.

Schoonen, R., & Verhallen, M. (in press). The assessment of deep word knowledge in

young first and second language learners. To appear in Language Testing.

References

Bachman, L., & Palmer, A. S. (1996). Language testing in practice. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Djorayeva M, Yuldashova N. (2022) The importance of using interactive methods in the process of teaching terminology/Pedagogs/Volume 8, Issue-1

Yuldashova N, Ziyodulloyeva M, Khudayberganova M, Madaminova S, Bakhronova M“Pecularities of using activities for raising students’ socio-cultural competence” / WebologyVolume 19,№16, pages 5047-5057, 2020.

Mochida, A., & Harrington, M. (2006). The Yes/No test as a measure of receptive vocabulary knowledge. Language Testing, 23, 73-98.

Read, J. (2000). Assessing vocabulary. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Read, J. (2004). Plumbing the depths: How should the construct of vocabulary knowledge be defined? In P. Bogaards & B. Laufer (Eds.), Vocabulary in a second language: Selection, acquisition and testing. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 209-227.

Read, J., & Chapelle, C.A. (2001). A framework for second language vocabulary assessment. Language Testing, 18, 1-32.

Schoonen, R., & Verhallen, M. (in press). The assessment of deep word knowledge in young first and second language learners. To appear in Language Testing.