https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi
volume 4, issue 5, 2025
792
ENERGY GEOGRAPHY: REGIONAL POTENTIALS OF RENEWABLE ENERGY
SOURCES
Cho‘liboyev Islom Ilhom ugli
Termiz State Pedagogical Institute
Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, 3rd-year student of Geography and Economic
Knowledge, Group 303
Abstract:
This article analyzes the use potential of renewable energy sources (RES) based on
their geographical distribution. Resources such as solar, wind, geothermal, biomass, and
hydropower vary depending on natural-climatic conditions and regional capabilities. The paper
evaluates the RES potential in different regions and highlights their economic and environmental
advantages.
Keywords:
renewable energy, geographic potential, energy mapping, resource capacity, regional
development.
Introduction
Energy geography is one of the essential directions in modern geo-economic research. With
population growth, industrial expansion, and the depletion of traditional energy resources, the
demand for renewable energy sources (RES) is steadily increasing. Their location, potential, and
economic efficiency are closely related to the natural resources, climate, and topography of the
region. Therefore, studying RES from a spatial perspective is a highly relevant issue.
Methods
The study was conducted using the following methods:
•
Cartographic analysis:
Geographic potential was assessed using thematic maps depicting RES
capacity.
•
Statistical analysis:
International and national energy production indicators were examined.
•
Comparative regional analysis:
The advantages of different RES were compared based on the
natural and climatic conditions of various regions.
•
Literature review:
Scientific articles and reports were studied based on data from IEA,
IRENA, and the World Bank.
Study regions included Uzbekistan, Central Asia, Europe, and North America.
Results
The analysis revealed the following key findings:
1.
Solar Energy:
o
Highest potential observed in Uzbekistan, the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa,
and the southern United States.
o
In Uzbekistan, Bukhara, Navoi, and Kashkadarya regions stand out with more
than 300 sunny days per year.
https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi
volume 4, issue 5, 2025
793
2.
Wind Energy:
o
High potential regions include northern Kazakhstan, western coasts of Europe,
Denmark, Canada, and central U.S. states.
o
In Uzbekistan, promising areas are Karakalpakstan and Jizzakh regions.
3.
Hydropower:
o
Hydropower potential is concentrated in mountainous and river-rich areas
(Norway, Nepal, Kyrgyzstan).
o
In Uzbekistan, the Syrdarya and Zarafshan river basins have relatively higher
potential but are limited in scale.
4.
Biomass and Waste-to-Energy:
o
High potential in agricultural regions such as Southeast Asia and Brazil.
o
In Uzbekistan, energy production can be established based on livestock and
agricultural waste.
5.
Geothermal Energy:
o
Widely used in tectonically active regions such as Iceland, Indonesia, Italy, and
New Zealand.
o
In Uzbekistan, geothermal potential is limited, but local research is ongoing.
Discussion
The study shows that effective development of renewable energy sources depends heavily on
their spatial distribution and resource potential. Regional development of RES:
•
ensures
energy
security,
•
contributes
to
ecological
sustainability,
• helps reduce regional economic disparities.
In the context of Uzbekistan, the development of
solar and wind energy
is particularly
prioritized. However, this requires attracting investments, supporting local manufacturers, and
modernizing the energy infrastructure.
Conclusion
In-depth study of the regional potential of renewable energy sources plays a crucial role in
shaping energy policy. Each region requires a customized strategic approach based on its natural
and economic conditions. A geographic approach enhances the efficiency of energy projects,
minimizes environmental risks, and supports sustainable development.
REFERENCES
1.
International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA).
Global Renewables Outlook
, 2023.
2.
Khaydarov I.Kh.
Energy Geography: Theory and Practice
. — Tashkent: Fan, 2021.
3.
World Bank Energy Data Reports, 2022.
4.
Solangi K.H. et al.
A Review on Global Renewable Energy Development
. — Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2011.
5.
Official Reports of the Ministry of Energy of the Republic of Uzbekistan, 2024.
