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volume 4, issue 5, 2025
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ANALYSIS OF POETIC IMAGES IN THE POETRY OF MUHAMMAD RAHMAN
Sarvinoz Baratova Sherbekovna
E-mail:
Alisher Navoiy Tashkent State University of Uzbek Language and Literature
Tashkent, Uzbekistan
Annotation:
This article analyzes the characteristics of the creation of poetic images in the
works of one of the major representatives of Uzbek poetry - Muhammad Rahmon. Images
formed in the poet's artistic thinking are deeply analyzed through poetic means of expression -
epithet, metaphor, antithesis, autology. Based on examples taken from the poems of Muhammad
Rahman, the richness of imagery in terms of meaning and form, their harmony with the lyrical-
philosophical layer are shown. Also, through the images, it is highlighted how the poet
artistically and aesthetically expressed the realities of life.
Keywords:
poetic image, metaphor, epithet, antithesis, autology, imagery, lyrical thinking,
artistic expression.
Literature performs the task of expressing various aspects of the human psyche, pain and joy,
inner experiences through artistic and aesthetic methods. Poetic thinking and poetic image are an
integral part of this process. The poetic image is formed by means of artistic words and is one of
the main factors determining the aesthetic and spiritual value of a literary work. In poetry, a
special quality is given to the realities of life through poetic images.
In fact, the term "image" is borrowed from Russian and translated into Uzbek means "reflection."
The artistic image is a reflection of reality (the thing, phenomenon, etc.) in a work of art.
However, the artistic image is not just a simple reflection of that reality, no, it is a reflection of
reality seen through the artist's eyes and creatively processed based on the ideal. In this reflection,
you will find many familiar traces of existence, but this is no longer the very existence we know,
but a completely new existence - artistic existence.
[ Quronov D. Introduction to Literary Studies.
"Fan" Publishing House. Tashkent: 2007
In the poetry of Muhammad Rahman, the truth of life is also expressed through a number
of unique images. This article analyzes the main elements of image creation and the poetic
images created in these methods in the work of Muhammad Rahman.
Botirkhon Akramov in his work "Pearl of Poetry" cites the following ways of creating a poetic
image:[ Akramov B. Pearl of Poetry. Gafur Gulyam Publishing House of Literature and Art.
Tashkent. 1979].
1)
Expressiveness and expressiveness in poetry are mainly expressed through
parallelism
: in
nature, in social life, various things and phenomena form parallels in a mutually equal,
corresponding form or in a certain contradictory dialectical unity. In particular, such poetic
images can be found in Muhammad Rahmon's poem "Return":
Qaytish yo‘lin havosi og‘ir, oh ko‘p og‘ir.
Qarang quyun bo‘lib yopishdi unga
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Nokaslarning ayanch to‘dasi,
Qarang malomatlar yog‘ar boshidan
Yomg‘ir bo‘lib goh qor, do‘l bo‘lib…
Here, imagery emerges through the juxtaposition of certain laws of nature with the idea
that the poet wants to convey: like the whirlwind - a pitiful crowd of villains, rain and hail -
reproaches.
2)
In the creation of a poetic image, contrasting
parallel proportions
are also encountered. If
we pay attention to the poem "Jealousy," the poet uses parallel proportions to express his thought:
Tushib kelar tog‘-u toshlardan
Suv ichgali men-la ohular.
Ohu emas, bag‘ri toshlardan
Qochib yurgan hadik, “oh” ular.
3)
In the world of expressive and figurative means, methods, the most active, intensive
elements are
epithets
and
metaphors.
Epithets are used to denote various properties of things, events, and processes. They serve to
make the image clearer, brighter, and more impressive, increasing its aesthetic value. While
epithets function in a general-abstract sense, the poet gives them clarity and individuality. In
other words, if the descriptive word is an objective phenomenon, then the epithet is a product of
a specific creative process - a subject phenomenon that has undergone a certain process of
change, a recreated element of a poetic image.
[Akramov B. Pearl of Poetry. Gafur Gulyam
Literature and Art Publishing House. Tashkent. 1979. 21 b ]
Epithets are also heavily used in
Muhammad Rahmon's poems, and we can cite an example from the poem "Ode to a Happy Day":
Men shunchaki baxtliman
Ijod bilan bo‘lganda mashg‘ul:
Yurganimda hushyor va tetik,
Uxlayotganimda.
Va nimaga qo‘l urmay
Shodlik,
shodlik keltirar nuqul
Oltin o‘tloq maysalaridan
Ko‘proqdir, ehtimol, ular bisotimda…
Here, by using the adjective "gold" in relation to the meadow, the poet expresses that happiness
and joy have different forms in his poetic thinking.
Metaphor plays a significant role in creating figurative expressions characteristic of poetry. The
phenomenon of metaphor is realized not only by comparing the phenomenon being expressed to
another, but also by comparing it. According to Jan Parandovsky, the function of metaphor has a
larger scale than the sphere of artistic perception of the world. The scholar notes that metaphor
should be sought not only in poetry, but also at the origins of science, and equates it to a research
method that performs the task of establishing a certain relationship between different phenomena
and comparing them.
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In the poetry of Muhammad Rahman, there are also many metaphors based on comparison. For
example, in the poem "Two Bulls," the poet expresses through metaphor the commonalities
between the field, where land is distributed to all farmers in the field, and fate, as well as
between the images of parents (and even the entire nation), who spend their entire lives in hard
labor, not leaving the field, and the image of the two bulls, trying to reveal the essence of one
through the other:
Yelka sog‘-u yurak yag‘ir
Qo‘shchi turmush xalasidan.
Yer tushibdi partav, taqir
Bizga qismat dalasidan.
Kunim – mehnat,
Tunim – mehmat,
Qayda samar, unum, mehnat!
Oqarmasa kosang agar
Azob mehnat, zulm – mehnat!
Eshikni och, eshikni och,
Pirpiratma ko‘zing, bolam!
Uyga ota-onang emas,
Keldi qo‘shho‘kizing, bolam!..
Another important aspect of the poetic image is its contrasting character. The method of
antithesis has long been widespread in achieving imagery. Poetic images live in direct and
indirect connection with the lyrical conflict. [
Akramov B. Pearl of Poetry. Gafur Gulyam
Publishing House of Literature and Art. Tashkent. 1979.
] The open form of lyrical conflict is
based on clear, visible signs and reveals the art of antithesis. If we pay attention to the poem
"***" about the poplar planted in the ravine, it expresses a deep philosophical meaning by citing
contradictory images - it achieves its poetic goal:
Zulmatdan ham badtardir,
Yo‘q kushoyish, forig‘lik.
Shum niyat xizmatida
Bo‘lsa agar yorug‘lik!..
Another way to create a poetic image is to achieve direct expressiveness without similes,
metaphors, and metaphors. In literary studies, this is called autology (from the Greek *autos* -
self, *logos* - word), and poems or lines in this form rely on concrete facts and vivid depictions
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of real reality. Taking the poem "Time" as an example, in the second stanza of the poem, the
poet expresses the reality of life without artistic embellishments, but this does not prevent the
expression of characteristic imagery:
Quvonaman, baribir:
Atrofga razm solsam,
Bir tomon bog‘, bir yondan,
Hu, bog‘lar ko‘rinadi.
Varraging menikidan
Balandroq uchar, bolam,
Sening tomingdan, bolam,
Uzoqlar ko‘rinadi…
In conclusion, according to the creation of poetic images in the poetry of Muhammad Rahman,
several types are distinguished: the creation of images based on figurative parallelisms, through
epithets and metaphors, as well as the methods of antithesis and autology.
LIST OF REFERENCES USED:
1.
Akramov B. The Pearl of Poetry. Gafur Gulyam Literature and Art Publishing House.
Tashkent. 1979.
2.
Kuronov D. Introduction to Literary Studies. "Fan" Publishing House. Tashkent: 2007.
3.
Muhammad Rahmon. A man on the road. "Sharq," Tashkent - 2010.
4.
4. To'xta Boboyev "Poetry Science Education" Tashkent "Teacher" 1996.
5.
Melikuziev,
A.
L.
(2022).
Historical
and
modern
classification
of
paralinguistics.
Academicia Globe: Inderscience Research
,
3
(10), 126-128.
6.
N. Khatamov and B. Sarimsakov "Russian-Uzbek Explanatory Dictionary of Literary
Terms" "Teacher" Tashkent.:1979.
