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DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION IN SOCIAL MANAGEMENT: INTERNATIONAL
EXPERIENCE AND PROSPECTS FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN UZBEKISTAN
G‘aniyev Shakhzod Shuhrat ugli
Scientific supervisor, Trainee teacher at
Karshi State University.ORCID: 0009-0005-0823-0024
Email:
Rashid Shuxratovich Pulatov
student of the Faculty of History,
Social Work Department, Karshi State University.
Email:
Abstract:
This article examines the significance of digital transformation in social management,
analyzing international experiences in this field and the prospects for their implementation in
Uzbekistan. The study explores how digital technologies enhance the efficiency of public
administration and social sector systems, using examples from advanced foreign practices.
Additionally, the article analyzes the existing opportunities and challenges in developing digital
transformation in Uzbekistan’s social management sectors and provides practical
recommendations for overcoming these issues. The research findings hold scientific and practical
value in improving social governance processes through modern technologies.
Keywords:
Digital transformation, social management, digital economy, internet infrastructure,
electronic government services, cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, blockchain technology,
digital literacy, innovative technologies, "Digital Uzbekistan – 2030", e-health, automation of
public services.
Introduction.
Nowadays, the role of digital technologies in enhancing the efficiency of public
administration and social sector systems is steadily increasing. As the President of the Republic
of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, has emphasized: "Digital technologies are rapidly
integrating into all sectors and people's lives worldwide. Countries that have embraced this
direction in a timely manner are progressing, while those adhering to outdated methods are
falling behind in development. ... The issue under discussion today forms the foundation of our
efforts to foster progress and improve the lives of our people."
Therefore, the "Digital
Uzbekistan – 2030" strategy
has been adopted in our country, placing significant emphasis on
the digitalization of public administration and social services. Within the framework of this
strategy, key directions such as improving the e-government system, automating social services,
and utilizing artificial intelligence and Big Data technologies have been identified.
Global experience demonstrates that digital transformation enhances the transparency and
efficiency of social management systems. For example, countries such as Estonia, South Korea,
and Singapore have successfully implemented digital mechanisms for managing the social sector,
enabling the provision of fast and transparent services to the population. Uzbekistan has also
1
Speech by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, at the videoconference on the
implementation of the digital economy and e-government in sectors and regions, September 22, 2020. Source:
https://president.uz/oz/lists/view/3848
2
Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-6079 “On Approval of the ‘Digital Uzbekistan – 2030’
Strategy and Measures for Its Effective Implementation,” October 5, 2020. Source:
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taken significant steps in this direction. In the Presidential Decree No. PQ–4996, issued by the
President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, on February 18, 2021,
the
digitalization of public services was outlined as a means to reduce corruption and ensure fast and
high-quality service delivery to citizens.
Additionally, the decree sets forth requirements for the development and application of artificial
intelligence (AI) technologies in economic sectors, the social sphere, and public administration.
It mandates the creation of a legal framework that establishes uniform standards, accountability,
security, and transparency in AI utilization. Furthermore, the decree highlights the necessity of
employing AI technologies to analyze and optimize budget expenditures, pensions, social and
insurance payments, and welfare benefits, with a particular focus on integrating AI into the social
sector and public administration systems.
This article examines the significance of digital transformation in social management, analyzing
international experiences and their applicability in Uzbekistan. Additionally, it explores the
existing opportunities and challenges in effectively implementing digital technologies in the
country and provides practical recommendations for overcoming these obstacles. The research
findings contribute scientifically and practically to the modernization of social management
processes in Uzbekistan through advanced technologies.
Relevance of the Topic.
Today, digital technologies have become an integral part of social
governance, playing a crucial role in enhancing the efficiency of public services, ensuring
transparency, and improving convenience for citizens. In line with this global trend, Uzbekistan
is actively prioritizing the digitalization of the social sector under the "Digital Uzbekistan –
2030" strategy. The experience of developed countries demonstrates that digital transformation
significantly improves the efficiency of social management systems, reduces corruption,
enhances service quality, and enables faster decision-making. In Uzbekistan, the digitalization of
public services, education, and healthcare is already yielding positive results. Therefore,
advancing digital transformation in social management is of strategic importance for the
country's sustainable development. This process not only improves the quality and efficiency of
social services but also contributes to overall economic effectiveness.
Research Methodology.
This study examines the significance of digital transformation in social
management and analyzes its prospects for implementation in Uzbekistan using the following
scientific methods:
Analytical-methodological approach – Examines the theoretical foundations of digital
transformation, its impact on social governance, and insights from international experiences.
Comparative method – Conducts a comparative analysis of digital management practices in
Uzbekistan and developed countries to explore the feasibility of adopting best practices.
Normative-legal analysis – Evaluates the legal framework of digital transformation based on
presidential decrees, government programs, and legislative acts.
Statistical analysis – Reviews data on the implementation of digital technologies in Uzbekistan
and key indicators related to improving the efficiency of social management.
Based on the research findings, recommendations and proposals are developed to further
advance digital transformation in social management.
Literature Review.
Extensive reforms are being carried out in Uzbekistan to develop the digital
economy and social management. These efforts are reinforced by presidential decrees,
government resolutions, and scientific research, which comprehensively address the significance,
prospects, and challenges of digital transformation. In his speech at the videoconference on
September 22, 2020, President Shavkat Mirziyoyev analyzed the importance of digital economy
and e-government implementation, highlighting existing challenges and future plans. The
President emphasized digitalization as a key factor in economic development, stressing the
necessity of accelerating reforms in this direction. One of the most significant documents in this
3
Shavkat Mirziyoyev: “Attention to Maternal and Child Health is Attention to Society and the Future.” Address of
the President to the Oliy Majlis and the People, December 29, 2020. Source: https://president.uz/oz/lists/view/4051
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field is Presidential Decree No. PF-6079, which approved the "Digital Uzbekistan – 2030"
strategy. This decree outlines key priorities such as the digitalization of public services, the
development of the IT sector, and the implementation of electronic platforms. The ultimate goal
of this strategy is to position Uzbekistan among technologically advanced nations by integrating
digital technologies across all sectors of the economy. In his December 29, 2020, address to the
Oliy Majlis, the President also emphasized the importance of digitalization in the social sector,
particularly in healthcare. He stressed the need for improving maternal and child health,
modernizing medical services through innovative technologies, and expanding telemedicine
services. Another crucial decree accelerating digital transformation is Presidential Decree No.
PQ-4996, issued on February 17, 2021. This document focuses on creating the necessary
conditions for the implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in public
administration, the economy, and social sectors. The introduction of AI aims to enhance public
service quality, streamline business processes, and improve service delivery for citizens.
Scientific research also provides valuable insights into various aspects of digital transformation:
X. Muxitdinov, in his article published in the "Digital Economy" scientific electronic journal,
examines the formation of Uzbekistan's digital economy, analyzing its key factors and future
prospects. The author argues that digitalization not only simplifies business processes but also
enhances economic efficiency, expands employment opportunities, and improves public welfare.
F. Hakimov, in his article "Digitalization – A Key Driver of New Uzbekistan's Development,"
explores the economic and social impact of digital technologies. He highlights that Uzbekistan's
digitalization policies create vast opportunities for innovative projects and startups.
O. Amanov, in his article "Digitalization of the Economy as a Factor in Increasing Employment
in the Labor Market," analyzes the impact of digital transformation on employment. He notes
that digitalization leads to the emergence of new professions and helps train specialists that meet
labor market demands. However, the author also warns that the widespread adoption of digital
technologies may result in the reduction of traditional job positions.
These studies provide a comprehensive understanding of the role of digital transformation in
Uzbekistan, highlighting its benefits and challenges, as well as the necessary steps for effective
implementation.
Analysis and Results.
Statistical data on the social sectors of the Republic of Uzbekistan have
been examined and analyzed. In particular, indicators related to healthcare, education, electronic
public services, and government service delivery were studied. Based on Table 1, the relevance
of the "Digital Uzbekistan – 2030" strategy can be explained through the following key aspects:
The Necessity of Developing Digital Infrastructure.
According to the table, in 2022, the internet penetration rate in Uzbekistan was only 45%. By
2025, this figure is expected to reach 100%, ensuring that every citizen has access to high-quality
internet services. By 2030, it is projected that this 100% connectivity will be sustainably
maintained. These indicators reflect the ongoing digital economic reforms in Uzbekistan and
highlight the necessity of further advancements in this field.
The digital economy is currently one of the most pressing global trends, influencing not only
economic growth but also efficiency, job creation, and overall quality of life. Recognizing this,
the Government of Uzbekistan has developed the "Digital Uzbekistan – 2030" strategy to
accelerate the digitalization of the economy, enhance public service accessibility, and promote
technological advancements.
Table 1. Target Indicators of the "Digital Uzbekistan – 2030" Strategy
4
Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PQ-4996 “On Measures to Create Conditions for the Rapid
Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Technologies,” February 17, 2021.
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Indicator Name
Measurement
Unit
Current
Status
Target Goals by
Years
2022 2025 2030
High-speed internet coverage in social
facilities
%
45
100
100
100
The digital economy is one of the fastest-growing sectors worldwide today and serves as a key
factor in enhancing the efficiency of social management. In particular, the integration of digital
technologies helps improve public administration systems, creating greater opportunities for
citizens.
Table 2. Internet Usage Statistics in Uzbekistan (2018–2022)
Year
Number of Internet Users (Million)
Internet Penetration Rate (%)
2018
19,2
58
2019
21,5
64
2020
24,1
70
2021
26,0
75
2022
27,2
80
As seen in Table 2, the number of internet users in Uzbekistan has steadily increased from 2018
to 2022. In 2018, there were 19.2 million users, while by 2022, this figure had risen to 27.2
million, marking a 42% growth over five years.
Additionally, internet penetration has significantly expanded. While 58% of the population had
access to the internet in 2018, this rate rose to 80% by 2022. This growth reflects the
government's efforts to develop internet infrastructure and expand digital services for the
population.
Table 3. Unified Interactive Public Services Portal (my.gov.uz) Performance (2018–2022)
Year
Number
of
Electronic
Services
Number of Users (Million)
2018
120
0,8
2019
180
1,0
2020
240
1,2
2021
280
1,5
Table 3 further highlights the rapid digitalization of public services. In 2018, the Unified
Interactive Public Services Portal offered only 120 electronic services, whereas by 2022, this
number had increased to 307. Similarly, the number of portal users has also grown. While 0.8
million people used the portal in 2018, the figure reached 1.8 million by 2022.
5
Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-6079 “On Approval of the ‘Digital Uzbekistan – 2030’
Strategy and Measures for Its Effective Implementation,” October 5, 2020. Source: https://lex.uz/docs/-5030957
6
Article by X. Muxitdinov, "Digital Economy," Scientific Electronic Journal, Issue 9. Source:
https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi
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This growth indicates an increasing demand for electronic services among citizens.
Figure 1. Digital Infrastructure Development Indicators
The provided Figure 1 illustrates the development of internet infrastructure. In 2020, the internet
penetration rate was 78%, which increased to 95% by 2022. Additionally, the number of
broadband internet ports has also grown. While there were 1.5 million ports in 2020, this figure
reached 2.5 million by 2022. The length of fiber-optic communication lines increased from
10,000 km in 2020 to 20,000 km in 2022, indicating a twofold growth.
The "One Million Uzbek Coders" project has been a significant step in engaging young people in
the IT sector. In 2020, 50,000 individuals participated in this initiative, whereas by 2022, this
number had reached 150,000. Moreover, the number of participants obtaining certifications has
also increased. While 10,000 individuals received certificates in 2020, this figure rose to 40,000
by 2022. These statistics demonstrate the steady progress of digital transformation in Uzbekistan.
(Figure 2)
Figure 2. Results of the "One Million Uzbek Coders" Project (2020–2022)
7
Article by Farrukh Hakimov, Head of the Department at the "Development Strategy" Center, “Digitalization – A
Key Driver of New Uzbekistan's Development,” Official Website of the National News Agency of Uzbekistan.
Source:
https://uza.uz/oz/posts/raqamlashtirish-yangi-ozbekiston-taraqqiyotining-muhim-drayveri_365850
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The increase in the number of internet users, the digitization of public services, the development
of IT education, and the expansion of digital infrastructure—all of these indicate that the country
is adapting to the digital economy.
4-Table. Indicators of Electronic Medical Services (2020–2022)
Indicators
year
2020
2021
2022
Number of Electronic
Medical Records
5 000 000
10 000 000
15 000 000
Number
of
Telemedicine Services 5 000
10 000
15 000
Number of Electronic
Prescriptions
50 000
100 000
150 000
From the 4th table, it is evident that the number of electronic medical records has significantly
increased over the years. In 2020, the number of individuals covered by electronic medical
records was 5,000,000. This figure doubled in 2021, reaching 10,000,000, and further increased
by 15,000,000 in 2022. This demonstrates the implementation of large-scale digitalization
measures in the healthcare infrastructure.
Regarding telemedicine services, the number of services provided was 5,000 in 2020. By 2021,
this figure had doubled to 10,000, and in 2022, it further increased to 15,000. This indicates the
growing accessibility and expansion of remote healthcare services for the population.
Conclusion.
Although social management and digital transformation processes in Uzbekistan are
developing consistently, there are still certain challenges in this area. Below are the main issues
and their solutions.:
1. Underdeveloped Digital Infrastructure
Issue: Internet coverage and speed vary across regions, with limited access to digital services,
especially in rural areas.
Solution: Increasing investments in digital infrastructure development, expanding fiber-optic
internet networks, and improving the quality of mobile communication services are necessary.
Ensuring coverage in remote areas is of great importance.
8
Article by Otabek Amanov, “Digitalization of the Economy as a Factor in Increasing Employment in the Labor
Market,” Green Economy and Development Journal. Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378505994_Iqtisodiyotni_raqamlashtirish_mehnat_bozorida_bandlik_dara
jasini_oshirish_omili_sifatida
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2. Low Digital Literacy Among the Population
Issue: Many citizens face difficulties in using electronic government services and cannot
effectively utilize digital technologies.
Solution: Special courses and training programs should be organized to improve digital literacy,
along with setting up a support system to assist people in using electronic services.
3. Lack of Full Integration in the Digitalization of Public Services
Issue: Data exchange between government agencies is still not fully automated, leading to slow
and inconvenient services.
Solution: Public services should be integrated into a unified system, a centralized database
should be created for all institutions, and artificial intelligence should be used to automate
processes.
4. Cybersecurity Threats and Data Protection
Issue: With the advancement of digital transformation, cybersecurity threats are increasing, and
there are challenges in protecting personal data.
Solution: A strong cybersecurity strategy should be developed, and measures to protect data in
both the public and private sectors should be strengthened by improving the legal framework.
5. Insufficient Implementation of Innovative Technologies
Issue: Advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence, blockchain, and big data are not yet
fully utilized in Uzbekistan’s social management sector.
Solution: International experiences in technological innovations should be studied, support for
startups should be increased, and new projects should be implemented through public-private
partnerships.
Uzbekistan’s digital transformation process is rapidly progressing. However, the challenges
mentioned above affect the efficiency of this process. Addressing these issues will create new
opportunities for the development of the digital economy and social management system. In the
future, by modernizing technological infrastructure, enhancing digital literacy, and widely
implementing innovative technologies, Uzbekistan can further improve its social governance
system.
REFERENCES
1.
Speech by the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Shavkat Mirziyoyev, at the
videoconference on the implementation of the digital economy and e-government in sectors and
regions, September 22, 2020. Source: https://president.uz/oz/lists/view/3848
2.
Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-6079 “On Approval of the
‘Digital Uzbekistan – 2030’ Strategy and Measures for Its Effective Implementation,” October 5,
2020. Source: https://lex.uz/ru/docs/-5030957
3.
Shavkat Mirziyoyev: “Attention to Maternal and Child Health is Attention to Society and
the Future.” Address of the President to the Oliy Majlis and the People, December 29, 2020.
Source: https://president.uz/oz/lists/view/4051
4.
Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PQ-4996 “On Measures to Create
Conditions for the Rapid Implementation of Artificial Intelligence Technologies,” February 17,
2021.
5.
Presidential Decree of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PF-6079 “On Approval of the
‘Digital Uzbekistan – 2030’ Strategy and Measures for Its Effective Implementation,” October 5,
2020. Source: https://lex.uz/docs/-5030957
6.
Article by X. Muxitdinov, "Digital Economy," Scientific Electronic Journal, Issue 9.
Source:
https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/o-zbekistonda-raqamli-iqtisodiyotning-shakllanib-
borish-jarayonlari/viewer
7.
Article by Farrukh Hakimov, Head of the Department at the "Development Strategy"
Center, “Digitalization – A Key Driver of New Uzbekistan's Development,” Official Website of
the National News Agency of Uzbekistan. Source: https://uza.uz/oz/posts/raqamlashtirish-yangi-
ozbekiston-taraqqiyotining-muhim-drayveri_365850
https://ijmri.de/index.php/jmsi
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8.
Article by Otabek Amanov, “Digitalization of the Economy as a Factor in Increasing
Employment in the Labor Market,” Green Economy and Development Journal. Source:
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/378505994_Iqtisodiyotni_raqamlashtirish_mehnat_boz
orida_bandlik_darajasini_oshirish_omili_sifatida
