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INNOVATIVE METHODS AND PRACTICAL APPROACHES TO WORKING WITH
TEXT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL NATIVE LANGUAGE CLASSES
Safaraliyeva Mehrangis Shamil kizi,
2nd year master's student of Tashkent State Pedagogical
University named after Nizami,
Navoi State Scholarship laureate
(ORCID:
https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1030-1542)
Annotation:
This article discusses modern, innovative and interactive methods of working on
texts in primary school native language classes. Unlike traditional approaches, in current
teaching processes, students' independent thinking, speech culture and creative approaches are
developed through digital technologies, audio-video materials, group work, role-playing games.
The article also discusses existing problems - the lack of technological tools, limited
methodological resources and the need for teacher training. Practical stages of working on texts,
ways of applying modern technologies to the lesson and proposals to improve the quality of
education based on best practices are given.
Key phrases:
Working with text, primary education, interactive methods, creative thinking,
digital technologies, native language lessons, syntactic and semantic analysis, multimedia tools,
independent speech, teaching methodology.
Annotatsiya:
Mazkur maqolada boshlang‘ich sinf ona tili darslarida matn ustida ishlashning
zamonaviy, innovatsion va interaktiv metodlari yoritilgan. An’anaviy yondashuvlardan farqli
ravishda, hozirgi dars jarayonlarida raqamli texnologiyalar, audio-video materiallar, guruh ishlari,
rolli o‘yinlar orqali o‘quvchilarning mustaqil fikrlash, nutq madaniyati va ijodiy yondashuvlari
rivojlantirilmoqda. Shuningdek, maqolada mavjud muammolar — texnologik vositalarning
yetishmovchiligi, metodik resurslarning cheklanganligi va o‘qituvchilarning malaka oshirish
zaruriyati haqida ham fikr yuritiladi. Matn ustida ishlashning amaliy bosqichlari, zamonaviy
texnologiyalarni darsga tatbiq etish yo‘llari va ilg‘or tajribalar asosida ta’lim sifatini oshirishga
xizmat qiluvchi takliflar berilgan.
Tayanch iboralar:
Matn ustida ishlash, boshlang‘ich ta’lim, interaktiv metodlar, ijodiy fikrlash,
raqamli texnologiyalar, ona tili darslari, sintaktik va semantik tahlil, multimediya vositalari,
mustaqil nutq, ta’lim metodikasi.
Aннотация:
В статье рассматриваются современные, инновационные и интерактивные
методы работы с текстом на уроках родного языка в начальной школе. В отличие от
традиционных подходов современные процессы обучения развивают у учащихся
самостоятельное мышление, культуру речи и творческие подходы с помощью цифровых
технологий, аудио- и видеоматериалов, групповой работы и ролевых игр. В статье также
рассматриваются существующие проблемы — нехватка технологических средств,
ограниченность методических ресурсов, необходимость повышения квалификации
учителей. Приведены практические шаги по работе над текстом, способы внедрения
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современных технологий в учебный процесс, а также предложения по повышению
качества образования на основе передового опыта.
Ключевые фразы:
Работа с текстом, начальное образование, интерактивные методы,
творческое мышление, цифровые технологии, уроки родного языка, синтаксический и
семантический анализ, мультимедийные средства, самостоятельная речь, методика
обучения.
The current state of work on the text in primary school native language classes is based on
innovative, interactive and digital approaches that differ significantly from traditional methods.
The lesson process is no longer just about reading and memorizing the text, but also creates a
wide range of opportunities for students to understand the topic more deeply, analyze the
grammatical structure and independently express their thoughts. Teachers organize the lesson
using interactive methods - dialogue, group work, role-playing games and question-and-answer
forms, ensuring the active participation of each student in the lesson, which makes analytical
exercises on the text more lively and effective. Through careful reading of the text,
understanding its theme and context, clearly distinguishing sentences and words, correct use of
punctuation marks, syntactic and semantic analysis, students master the theoretical foundations
of the language and the possibilities of its practical application. Also, audio and video materials,
interactive whiteboards, digital platforms and online resources are being integrated into the
teaching process, making the learning of the text significantly more interesting and effective.
This approach to working on the text is aimed not only at studying a topic, but also at
strengthening students' speech culture, logical thinking and creative text creation skills, which
plays a significant role in further increasing their interest in the language. At the same time, the
richness of content and interactive design of educational materials, textbooks and additional
methodological aids help teachers organize the teaching process independently and creatively.
However, in some regions, there are also difficulties such as limited access to modern
technological tools, a lack of additional resources and advanced methodological approaches.
Therefore, the need for continuous professional development of teachers, the introduction of
innovative technologies and the widespread use of digital educational platforms is recognized as
an urgent issue. In general, working on the text in native language lessons is currently carried out
on the basis of comprehensive and flexible approaches aimed at further developing students'
language literacy, independent thinking skills, and creative speech expression skills. This serves
to further improve the quality of the education system in the future and to reveal the knowledge
and creative potential of students to the maximum.
Currently, modern teaching methodologies and interactive approaches are being used in the
process of working on the text as follows:
a) Trends in lesson renewal:
— Currently, the process of working on the text in native language lessons has begun to
significantly adopt interactive and dynamic methods after traditional methods.
— Emphasis on interactivity — teachers use dialogue forms, question-and-answer exercises,
group projects, and role-playing games in order to ensure the active participation of students, in
addition to conveying only theoretical information in the lesson. This approach enlivens the
process of mastering the text and allows each student to understand the topic more deeply.
— Stimulating creative thinking — the processes of processing, expanding and consolidating the
text help students not only read and understand the text, but also express their thoughts freely,
create new essays or stories. Thus, the lessons are aimed at developing not only grammatical
knowledge, but also creative thinking and communication skills.
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b) Integration of modern technologies and digital resources:
— A significant change in this area is the inclusion of digital technologies and multimedia tools
in the teaching process.
— Multimedia approach — using interactive boards, audio-video materials and digital platforms,
reading the text aloud, explaining it through video clips and interactive tests significantly
increase student engagement in the lesson.
— Online resources — additional methodological materials, virtual textbooks, electronic
libraries available on the Internet help teachers enrich the content of the lesson and create
opportunities for students to learn independently.The practical stages and approaches to working
with text in primary school native language lessons can be divided into the following groups:
c) Preparing the text for reading and understanding:
— The first stage of the lesson process is to create conditions for students to carefully read the
text and understand its main theme and context.
— Introduction to the topic — before the lesson, the teacher briefly informs students about the
importance of the topic, the main idea of the lesson, and how to analyze the text. At this
stage, students are prepared by connecting them with previous knowledge and experience.
The stage of text analysis is the central part of the lesson and includes the following activities:
— Syntactic and semantic analysis:
By dividing the text into sentences, determining the correct use of word combinations and
punctuation marks, students strengthen their grammatical system. This process helps students
identify syntactic structures, analyze the structure of the sentence, and increase the level of
expression of each thought.
— Analysis of the text structure:
The main idea, supporting ideas and influential parts of the text are determined. Students learn
what stylistic features the text has and how the author expresses his opinion.
d) Creation and processing exercises:
— Creative tasks - through the task of writing a new essay, story or short article based on the
topic, students learn to express their thoughts freely. This process plays a key role in the creative
use of language and the development of speech potential.
— Expansion and compaction - exercises to enrich the text by adding additional information to it
or getting rid of unnecessary parts increase students' analytical and independent thinking skills.
e) Communication and exchange through interactive methods:
— Group work and discussions - students are divided into small groups and jointly discuss the
results of analytical and creative work on the text. Through this method, each participant learns
the topic more deeply as a result of mutual exchange and communication.
— Expert group method — each group selects important parts of a given topic or text and
presents them to express its analysis. This method allows students to convey their opinions
clearly and confidently.
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The use of modern interactive methods and multimedia tools increases students' interest in the
lesson and effectively organizes the language learning process.Through creative and independent
thinking, as well as creative tasks and interactive discussions, students develop their creative
potential and learn to think independently.
Unevenness of resources and technological capabilities - some schools do not have enough
modern technological tools and digital resources, which limits the possibility of fully applying
interactive methods. Teachers need constant professional training in new methods, digital
technologies and interactive teaching methods. This is an urgent issue in modern educational
conditions. The lack of textbooks and additional materials, as well as the lack of modern and
content-rich educational materials that meet the requirements of the time, can reduce the
effectiveness of the teaching process.
We can explain the directions for improving work on the text in the process of native language
lessons as follows:
• Regular professional development of pedagogical personnel:
It is advisable to improve the quality of the lesson by organizing seminars and trainings for
teachers on modern methodological approaches, interactive and digital technologies.
• Expanding digital learning platforms:
Additional support for students should be created through the introduction of online resources,
virtual textbooks, and interactive testing systems.
• Preparing additional methodological materials:
The quality of the teaching process can be improved by developing ready-made materials that
reflect innovative approaches, tailored to the needs of each school and region.
The current state of work on texts in primary school native language classes is described as
follows:
• Students' speech culture, grammatical system, and creative thinking skills are effectively
developed based on interactive and digital approaches.
• New methodological and technological approaches play an important role in making the
teaching process more interesting and effective.
• Also, although there are pedagogical and technological limitations, positive results are being
shown in the direction of continuous development aimed at eliminating them, improving the
skills of teachers, and using modern educational resources.
As a result of these approaches, working on the text in native language lessons has become an
important factor not only in learning language rules, but also in developing students' independent
and creative thinking skills. In the future, it is expected that the quality of education will increase
by organizing the lesson process in a more interactive, digital and flexible way.
The education system is undergoing major changes every day, and textbooks are being updated
from year to year. For this reason, documents related to the education system are also changing.
In particular, over the past few years, major changes have been made to textbooks for elementary
grades. One of the biggest reasons for this is the development of the education system. For this,
foreign education systems were studied, adapted and put into practice for the Uzbek people.
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In his keynote speech at the solemn ceremony dedicated to the "Day of Teachers and Educators"
in 2020, the head of our country drew attention to a number of shortcomings and problems in the
field of education.
In particular, it is worth mentioning that schools today have a complex methodology for teaching
exact and natural sciences, theoretical knowledge is not connected with practice, there is a lack
of continuity in curricula, and the content and quality of textbooks are unsatisfactory, which is a
reason for justified objections. The current state educational standards and curricula do not
prepare students for the next stage of education. criticized the fact that the issue of free thinking
and orientation towards an independent life is being neglected. In order to eliminate such
situations, it was emphasized that it is necessary to develop a draft of the National Curriculum of
General Education and test it in research and educational institutions during the current academic
year, while widely involving foreign experts and experienced educators. Meanwhile, textbooks
are being updated and tests are being taken in a short period of time.Our resident emphasized in
his report the need to pay serious attention to the creation of textbooks. From it, we identified a
number of tasks that we need to implement in the future. It was shown that we have many
shortcomings and problems in the methodology of teaching subjects, the consistency of
theoretical and practical knowledge, the coherence of programs, the content and quality of
textbooks. When preparing textbooks and teaching aids for publication, we must pay even more
serious attention to the extent to which they meet international requirements in terms of content
and quality, and we must conduct a thorough review by practicing teachers, methodologists, and
competent scientists. Textbooks will be more meaningful and high-quality if they are revised
based on the conclusions of the expert review, in collaboration with their authors, publishing
staff, and scientific methodologists, and appropriate changes are made to their content and
illustrations. It was said that it is appropriate to study world experience more extensively in order
to further improve textbooks, to widely involve the most experienced specialists in our Republic
and foreign experts in our projects.
In conclusion, work on the text in primary school native language lessons is being effectively
organized on the basis of new methodological approaches and technologies. Interactive and
creative approaches increase students' motivation for learning, form their skills of independent
thinking, application of grammatical knowledge in practice, and communication. At the same
time, expanding technical and methodological capabilities and continuous professional
development of teachers are urgent tasks today. In the future, the quality of native language
lessons will be an important factor in revealing the language culture and creative potential of
students.
List of used literature:
1. Akhmedova M., Usmonova Z. — Methodology of teaching the native language, TDPU, 2020.
2. Abduazizova D.A. — Fundamentals of language teaching in primary education, Tashkent,
2019.
3. Hasanboyeva O. — Mother tongue and reading literacy, TDPU Publishing House, 2021.
4. Nasirova M.Kh. — Innovative pedagogy in primary education, Tashkent, 2022.
5. Khojayev B. — Methodology of working with text, Science and technology, 2018.
6. Gulomova D. — Modern technologies in education, Innovation Center, 2020.
7. Melikulov B.M. — Developmental teaching methodology, Tashkent, 2021.
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8. Saidova G.S. — Fundamentals of pedagogical technologies, Tashkent State University of
Education, 2022.
9. Normurodova S. — Methodology of reading lessons in primary grades, Tashkent, 2017.
10. Tursunkhodjaeva M. — Methodology of working on language and speech, 2019.
11. Sobirova S. — Modern methods of organizing a lesson, Ma'rifat Publishing House, 2020.
Internet sources used:
1. https://uzedu.uz — Official website of the Ministry of Public Education of the Republic of
Uzbekistan
2. https://pedagog.uz — Electronic resource for teachers
3. https://kitob.uz — Electronic textbooks and educational materials
4. https://ziyonet.uz — Uzbek education portal
5. https://eduportal.uz — Educational news and methodological guides
6. https://arxiv.uz — Archive of scientific and methodological articles
7. https://tdpu.uz — Official website of the Nizamiy State Technical University
8. https://elibrary.uz — Library of scientific articles
9. https://nationaldatabase.uz — National information database
10. https://lex.uz — Database of legislative acts of the Republic of Uzbekistan
