Authors

  • G‘ayrat Jumanazarov
    Tashkent State Agrarian University
  • Nilufar To‘xtamishyeva
    Tashkent State Agrarian University

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71337/inlibrary.uz.jmsi.89805

Abstract

The article presents experimental data on methods for isolating Bacillus thuringiensis bacterial strains from dead greenhouse aphids and soil, and on the use of different concentrations against greenhouse aphids that damage tomato plants.


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UDK: 632.4+632.937

ENTOMOPATHOGENIC BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS TO ISOLATE BACTERIAL

STRAINS AND APPLY THEM AGAINST GREENHOUSE MITES

To‘xtamishyeva Nilufar Alisher kizi

Master of Tashkent State Agrarian University

Jumanazarov G‘ayrat Xusanovich

Associate professor of Tashkent State Agrarian University

Abstract:

The article presents experimental data on methods for isolating Bacillus thuringiensis

bacterial strains from dead greenhouse aphids and soil, and on the use of different concentrations

against greenhouse aphids that damage tomato plants.

Keywords:

Bacillus thuringiensis, bacteria, strain, culture medium, tomato, pest, greenhouse

aphid, nutrient medium, entomopathogen, soil.

Introduction. The eve of the 21st century is characterized by an unprecedented scale of conscious

use of microorganisms in agricultural production. In all areas of the agro-industrial complex, the

need for the use of microorganisms and their metabolites was recognized, and, accordingly, the

development and use of biopreparations for the needs of Plant Science, Livestock, Veterinary

and feed production is being established.
There is also an increasing need for microbial preparations in the field of protecting plants and

agricultural animals from pests and parasites. As a competitor to the chemical means of

controlling insects, rodents and phytopathogens, biopesticide is becoming an attribute of

advanced agricultural systems. The need for them is associated with the size of man-made loads

on the environment, the inefficiency of chemical pesticides, the risk of toxic, allergic and even

genetic adverse effects with their widespread use and the development of resistance in pests, the

elimination of natural mechanisms for regulating their number and, finally, the pollution of

landscapes, water resources and food products.
Scientific sources know that in later times the microbiological method of combating insects is

widely used in the agrarian industry. Therefore, the production of environmentally friendly

microbial pesticide biopreparations is of great scientific theoretical and practical importance.
Research methods. The distribution of the main pests of tomato and cucumber plants in the

greenhouse was examined by taking samples diagonally or chess. In the course of the survey,

samples of pest insects that had died were collected in sterilized paper bags, which were prepared

in advance. Each sample was stored in refrigerators until it was examined in the laboratory.
In order to extract entomopathogenic fungi from pests of tomato and cucumber plants, insect

specimens that died due to the disease were cleaned of microorganisms, that is, their outer part

was sterilized. The pest samples that were being tested were soaked in a 0.5-1% sodium

hypochloride (NaOCl) solution for 30 seconds and thoroughly washed out of the solution and

rinsed once again in another container of sterilized water, then the pest samples were picked up

in front of an alcohol lamp flame on the surface of a solid food medium placed on sterilized Petri


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saucers. Each specimen was placed in a separate petri saucer with a pest sample of 10-15 pieces.

Petri was stored in thermostats with a temperature of 24-260 C. The growth of bacteia in petri

lycobchas was observed for 15 days from the third day. Then the fungal mycelium grown from

the specimens planted in the artificial food environment in Petri's saucers was planted in test

tubes with a sterilized microbiological loop in front of an alcohol lamp flame. In order to extract

disease-causing bacteria from insects, the composition was used from different food

environments (Agar Chapek, agaric beer suslosi, agaric potatoes). The pure culture of the

bacteias was assigned to the solid food environments in the test tubes.
To isolate the isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis, extinct effluent samples collected from the field

were used. Bacterial extraction was conducted according to the method described by Gonzalez et

al (2011). The collected effluents were previously crushed in an 80 oC water bath for 10 minutes

to kill vegetative cells and non-spore-forming bacteria. This ground oocyanote was then grown

in a GPA nutrient medium. Colonies similar to those of Bacillus have been isolated and

examined for the presence of papasporal crystals. Then B.thuringiensis colonies were identified

and isolated. Here are 3 B.isolated thuringiensis isolates (BTE-1, bte-2, bte-3). They were found

to differ from each other in crystal shape and morphology of their colony.
Also isolated from the soil were the isolates Bacillus thuringiensis. To do this, 2-3 cm of the top

layer was removed. Then a 20 gr soil sample was placed in special bags. The special bags were

kept at 4 oC until laboratory work began. To extract bacteria from soil samples, Song et al. (2008)

through the method described. 1 g of soil sample 10 ml 0.85% NaCl was suspended. Then heated

in a vibrating thermostat at 70 °C for 10 minutes. The nutrient agar (0.5% pepton, 0.3% beef

extract, 0.5% NaCl and 1.5% agar) was suspended for 100 µl. This used 50 petri dishes, all

incubated at 30±2 °C for 48 hours. Bacterial colonies showing a phenotype similar to Bacillus

thuringiensis were isolated and moved to a new food environment. These colonies were reared a

second time. The cultures were stained with fuchsin and examined under a standard light

microscope for initial identification. From The Soil B.2 isolates similar to thuringiensis were

isolated (BTE-4, BTE-5).

Figure 1. Isolated B.colonies of thuringiensis isolate and its appearance under a microscope

Research results. The fact that the greenhouse leech, which is considered the most dangerous

pest insect in our God at the next time, has increased, causes enormous problems in growing

pamidors and cucumbers in the greenhouse. As a result of this, 25-30% of the crop extracted

from pamidor and cucumbers in the cultivated areas of the Republic is destroyed under the


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influence of harmful organisms.
In solving this problem, in order to obtain biopreparation in our work, Bacillus thuringiensis was

tested in various concentrations against the most economically damaging greenhouse leachate in

the greenhouse industry by preparing a cultured liquid as a starting material from bacterial strains.
To study the entomopathogenic activity of the resulting strains, it was studied in relation to

ethanol in small field conditions. Our experiment was carried out as part of the study of the

entomopathogenic effects of Bacillus thuringiensis bacterium 5-endotoxin on greenhouse

effluents.
Table 1 below records the data obtained from the study of the effects of greenhouse effluents of

0.3% and 0.5% solution of isolated Bacillus thuringiensis bacterial cultures. From bacterial

strains Bacillus thuringiensis, a cultured liquid was prepared as the starting material. The

experiments were carried out in a greenhouse that harms the pamidor plant planted in the

experimental Agricultural Greenhouse of the Tashkent State Agrarian University in the Qibray

District of the Tashkent region. Before processing with a cultured liquid made from bacterial

strains, the damage to the greenhouse plant was monitored, that is, the number of pests was

calculated. In the experiment, 10 pamidor plants were selected in one row for each option, and

the number of pests on the plant was taken into account (Table 1).
Table 1.
Bacillus thuringiensis application of different concentrations of cultural fluidity of bacterial

strains against greenhouse fluidity

Ty

pe

s

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n

of

cu

ltu

ra

l

flu

id

,%

Number

of living

greenho

use

leaks

until

processi

ng,

donado

na

Number of pests that die, %

Days of receipt of the chisobi after processing

3-day

6-day

9-day

12-day

1

BTE-1

0,3

82,7

9

20

36

49

0,5

47,4

14

27

41

54

2

BTE-2

0,3

65,3

11

23

39

51

0,5

72,5

17

32

53

68

3

BTE-3

0,3

49,7

-

-

15

27

0,5

56,4

-

9

18

31

4

BTE-4

0,3

67,2

-

-

-

-

0,5

58,6

-

-

-

17

5

BTE-5

0,3

77,8

-

-

13

26

0,5

81,1

-

7

16

29

6

Control (water)

48,9

-

-

-

-

During the experiment, the number of pests killed on 3, 6, 9 and 12 days after treatment with a


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cultured liquid made from bacterial strains was calculated. The best in the experiment showed

the result at a concentration of 0.5% of the BTE-2 strain. According to this, when the account of

the 3rd day after processing was taken, 17% recorded the death of the pest, by the 12th it was

found that 68% of greenhouse leeches had died. In our experiment, no pests that died in our

variant, which used a concentration of 0.3% of the BTE-4 strain, were observed.
Conclusion. Based on the experience carried out, it is possible to draw conclusions below. The

entomopathogenic activity of isolated BTE-1, bte-2, bte-3, bte-4, and bte-5 isolates against

greenhouse leaching has been studied. In doing so, isolated BTE-2 and bte-1 isolates from the

effluent itself were found to be most active against greenhouse effluents. And a 0.5% solution of

the cultured liquid obtained from them was recommended for use against greenhouse leaks.

Useful literature.
1.

Baxronova Z.F., Jumanazarov G‘.X.

Bacillus subtillus

bakteriya shtammini mosh

o‘simligining o‘sib rivojlanishiga va ildiz hosil qilish xususiyatlariga ta’siri.

Международный

научно-практический

электронный

журнал

«МОЯ

ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ КАРЬЕРА». Выпуск №52 (том 1) (сентябрь, 2023). 100-108 b.

2.

Baxronova Z.F., Jumanazarov G‘.X. Mosh o‘simligining fuzarioz kasalligiga qarshi

bacillus

subtillus

bakteriya shtammini antagonistik xususiyati. Международный научно-

практический электронный журнал «МОЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ КАРЬЕРА».

Выпуск №52 (том 1) (сентябрь, 2023). 93-99 b.

3.

González A., Díaz R., Díaz M., Borrero Y., Bruzón R. Y., Carreras B., Gato, R. (2011).

Characterization of

Bacillus thuringiensis

soil isolates from Cuba, with insecticidal activity

against mosquitoes. Revista de biologia tropical, 59(3), 1007-1016.

4.

Jumanazarov G‘.X., Omonlikov A.U.

Bacillus subtilis

bakteriya shtammining kultural

suyuqligini pomidor o‘simligining o‘sishiga ta’siri. “Challenges of storage and processing of

agricultural products and their solutions based on modern technologies” international

scientific

and

practical

conference

october

22,

2024.

226-230

p.

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13954765

5.

Mamatolibov А.Е., Jumanazarov G‘.X.

Мarokash chigirtkasiga qarshi

(

dociostaurus

maroccanus

)

bacillus thuringiensis

bakteriya shtammining kultural suyuqligini qullash

samaradorligi. “Agrokimyohimoya va o‘simliklar karantini jurnali. Toshkent 2024. 3-son,

24-26 b.

6. Song, L., Gao, M., Dai, S., Wu, Y., Yi, D., & Li, R. (2008). Specific activity of a

Bacillus

thuringiensis

strain against

Locusta migratoria manilensis

. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology,

98(2), 169–176. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2008.02.006

References

Baxronova Z.F., Jumanazarov G‘.X. Bacillus subtillus bakteriya shtammini mosh o‘simligining o‘sib rivojlanishiga va ildiz hosil qilish xususiyatlariga ta’siri. Международный научно-практический электронный журнал «МОЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ КАРЬЕРА». Выпуск №52 (том 1) (сентябрь, 2023). 100-108 b.

Baxronova Z.F., Jumanazarov G‘.X. Mosh o‘simligining fuzarioz kasalligiga qarshi bacillus subtillus bakteriya shtammini antagonistik xususiyati. Международный научно-практический электронный журнал «МОЯ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНАЯ КАРЬЕРА». Выпуск №52 (том 1) (сентябрь, 2023). 93-99 b.

González A., Díaz R., Díaz M., Borrero Y., Bruzón R. Y., Carreras B., Gato, R. (2011). Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis soil isolates from Cuba, with insecticidal activity against mosquitoes. Revista de biologia tropical, 59(3), 1007-1016.

Jumanazarov G‘.X., Omonlikov A.U. Bacillus subtilis bakteriya shtammining kultural suyuqligini pomidor o‘simligining o‘sishiga ta’siri. “Challenges of storage and processing of agricultural products and their solutions based on modern technologies” international scientific and practical conference october 22, 2024. 226-230 p. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13954765

Mamatolibov А.Е., Jumanazarov G‘.X. Мarokash chigirtkasiga qarshi (dociostaurus maroccanus) bacillus thuringiensis bakteriya shtammining kultural suyuqligini qullash samaradorligi. “Agrokimyohimoya va o‘simliklar karantini jurnali. Toshkent 2024. 3-son, 24-26 b.

Song, L., Gao, M., Dai, S., Wu, Y., Yi, D., & Li, R. (2008). Specific activity of a Bacillus thuringiensis strain against Locusta migratoria manilensis. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 98(2), 169–176. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2008.02.006