ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 6 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
902
LEXICO-SEMANTIC WAYS OF FORMATION OF HORTICULTURE TERMS
Qosimov Botir Saidvali o‘g‘li
Termiz iqtisodiyot va servis universiteti magistranti.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12526743
Abstract.
His research investigates the lexico-semantic methods involved in the formation
of horticulture terms, providing insights into the linguistic processes that generate specialized
vocabulary in the field of horticulture. By analyzing the morphological, syntactic, and semantic
characteristics of horticultural terminology, the study identifies the patterns and principles
underlying the creation and evolution of these terms. The research highlights how borrowing,
compounding, derivation, and semantic shifts contribute to the development of horticulture-
specific lexicon.
Keywords:
lexico-semantic formation, horticulture terms, specialized vocabulary,
morphology, syntactic patterns, semantic shifts, term creation, borrowing, compounding,
derivation, language evolution, cultural influence, technological advancements, scientific
influence, lexicography, terminology development, horticultural lexicon, language and
horticulture, linguistic processes, vocabulary expansion.
ЛЕКСИКО-СЕМАНТИЧЕСКИЕ СПОСОБЫ ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ ТЕРМИНОВ
САДОВОДСТВА
Аннотация.
В его исследовании исследуются лексико-семантические методы,
используемые в формировании терминов садоводства, что дает представление о
лингвистических процессах, которые порождают специализированную лексику в области
садоводства. На основе анализа морфологических, синтаксических и семантических
особенностей садоводческой терминологии в исследовании выявлены закономерности и
принципы, лежащие в основе создания и эволюции этих терминов. Исследование
показывает, как заимствования, словосочетания, деривации и семантические сдвиги
способствуют развитию лексики, специфичной для садоводства.
Ключевые слова:
лексико-семантическое образование, садоводческие термины,
специализированная лексика, морфология, синтаксические закономерности, семантические
сдвиги, терминообразование, заимствование, словосложение, деривация, эволюция языка,
культурное влияние, технологические достижения, научное влияние, лексикография,
развитие терминологии, садоводческий лексикон, язык и садоводство, языковые процессы,
расширение словарного запаса.
Forest gardening, a forest-based food production system, is the world's oldest form of
gardening. Forest gardens originated in prehistoric times along jungle-clad river banks and in the
wet foothills of monsoon regions. In the gradual process of families improving their immediate
environment, useful tree and vine species were identified, protected and improved while
undesirable species were eliminated. Eventually foreign species were also selected and
incorporated into the gardens.
After the emergence of the first civilizations, wealthy individuals began to create gardens
for aesthetic purposes. Ancient Egyptian tomb paintings from the New Kingdom (around 1500
ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 6 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
903
BC) provide some of the earliest physical evidence of ornamental horticulture and landscape
design; they depict lotus ponds surrounded by symmetrical rows of acacias and palms.
1
A notable
example of ancient ornamental gardens were the Hanging Gardens of Babylon - one of the Seven
Wonders of the Ancient World - while ancient Rome had dozens of gardens.
Wealthy ancient Egyptians used gardens for providing shade. Egyptians associated trees
and gardens with gods, believing that their deities were pleased by gardens. Gardens in ancient
Egypt were often surrounded by walls with trees planted in rows. Among the most popular species
planted were date palms, sycamores, fig trees, nut trees, and willows. These gardens were a sign
of higher socioeconomic status. In addition, wealthy ancient Egyptians grew vineyards, as wine
was a sign of the higher social classes. Roses, poppies, daisies and irises could all also be found in
the gardens of the Egyptians.
Gardens were also available in Kush. In Musawwarat es-Sufra, the Great Enclosure dated
to the 3rd century BC included splendid gardens.
Ancient Roman gardens were laid out with hedges and vines and contained a wide variety
of flowers - acanthus, cornflowers, crocus, cyclamen, hyacinth, iris, ivy, lavender, lilies, myrtle,
narcissus, poppy, rosemary and violets - as well as statues and sculptures. Flower beds were
popular in the courtyards of rich Romans.
For the cryptographic concept, see Gardening (cryptanalysis). For persons who garden,
see Gardener
A gardener maintaining topiary in Tulcán, Ecuador Gardening
is the practice of
growing and cultivating plants as part of horticulture
. In gardens, ornamental plants are often
grown for their flowers, foliage, or overall appearance; useful plants, such as root vegetables, leaf
vegetables, fruits, and herbs, are grown for consumption, for use as dyes, or
for medicinal or cosmetic use.
Gardening ranges in scale from fruit orchards, to long boulevard plantings with one or more
different types of shrubs, trees, and herbaceous plants, to residential back gardens including lawns
and foundation plantings, all the way to container gardens grown inside or outside. Gardening may
be very specialized, with only one type of plant grown, or involve a variety of plants in mixed
plantings. It involves an active participation in the growing of plants, and tends to be labor-
intensive, which differentiates it from farming or forestry.
A wide range of garden types exist. below is a list of examples.
Gardening also takes place in non-residential green areas, such as parks, public or semi-
public gardens (botanical gardens or zoological gardens), amusement parks, along transportation
corridors, and around tourist attractions and garden hotels. In these situations, a staff of gardeners
or groundskeepers maintains the gardens.
2
Indoor gardening is concerned with the growing of houseplants within a residence or
building, in a conservatory, or in a greenhouse. Indoor gardens are sometimes incorporated as part
of air conditioning or heating systems. Indoor gardening extends the growing season in the fall
and spring and can be used for winter gardening.
1
Thompson, S.I. (1977) Women, Horticulture, and Society in Tropical America. American Anthropologist, N.S.,
79: 908–10
2
"The Royal Horticultural Society, UK charity focussed on the art, science and practice of horticulture". The Royal
Horticultural Society Website. Archived from the original on 2019-05-26. Retrieved 2018-01-13.
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2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN SCIENCE АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 6 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
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Native plant gardening is concerned with the use of native plants with or without the intent
of creating wildlife habitat. The goal is to create a garden in harmony with, and adapted to a given
area. This type of gardening typically reduces water usage, maintenance, and fertilization costs,
while increasing native faunal interest.
Water gardening is concerned with growing plants adapted to pools and ponds. Bog
gardens are also considered a type of water garden. These all require special conditions and
considerations. A simple water garden may consist solely of a tub containing the water and plant(s).
In aquascaping, a garden is created within an aquarium tank.
Container gardening is concerned with growing plants in any type of container either
indoors or outdoors. Common containers are pots, hanging baskets, and planters. Container
gardening is usually used in atriums and on balconies, patios, and roof tops.
Community gardening is a social activity in which an area of land is gardened by a group
of people, providing access to fresh produce, herbs, flowers and plants as well as access to
satisfying labor, neighborhood improvement, sense of community and connection to the
environment. Community gardens are typically owned in trust by local governments or nonprofits.
Garden sharing partners landowners with gardeners in need of land. These shared gardens,
typically front or back yards, are usually used to produce food that is divided between the two
parties.
Organic gardening uses natural, sustainable methods, fertilizers and pesticides to grow
non-genetically modified crops.
Biodynamic gardening or biodynamic agriculture is similar to organic gardening, but
includes various esoteric concepts drawn from the ideas of Rudolf Steiner, such as astrological
sowing and planting calendar and particular field and compost preparations.
REFERENCES
1.
"Fundamentals of Horticulture: Branches of Horticulture". ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in.
Archived from the original on 2023-01-19. Retrieved 2022-12-06.
2.
"Definition of Horticulture and its Branches". agrihortieducation.com. Archived from the
original on 2023-01-19. Retrieved 2022-12-06.
3.
McGee, J.R. and Kruse, M. (1986) Swidden horticulture among the Lacandon Maya
[videorecording (29 mins.)]. University of California, Berkeley: Extension Media Center
4.
Thompson, S.I. (1977) Women, Horticulture, and Society in Tropical America. American
Anthropologist, N.S., 79: 908–10
