ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN
SCIENCE
АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
280
ABOUT DESIGN DEFINITION AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN STYLES
Allambergenova Arzayım Qudaybergenova
Karakalpak State University named after Berdak.
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13921640
Abstract. This article provides information on the definition of design and styles of
landscape design, the history of the origin and styles.
Keywords: design, landscape, style, composition, art.
О ДИЗАЙНЕ И СТИЛЯХ ЛАНДШАФТНОГО ДИЗАЙНА
Аннотация. В статье дана информация об определении дизайна и стилях
ландшафтного дизайна, истории возникновения и стилях.
Ключевые слова: дизайн, ландшафт, стиль, композиция, искусство.
Translated from the Italian language, the word "design" means "concept", "composition",
"model". In Russian, it appeared recently, but the art itself began to take shape many centuries ago.
A modern specialist engaged in the type of activity in question must know many features
from the scientific fields and be able to use them correctly in practice when creating projects. The
masters of their work work in cooperation with architects, clients, builders, suppliers and
contractors to organize the interior space.
In the middle of the 19th century, the development of industrial production created a need
for a new type of activity focused on decoration and aesthetics. That's how the design came about.
At the end of the 19th century, the main rules of theory and principles were formed, which
later influenced the schools of masters. Thus design began to combine art and craft. At the
beginning of the 20th century, artists rose in art. They developed the corporate identity of the
enterprises and were able to influence the production of various electrical appliances and
automobiles. Thus, design became an art-industrial activity. The appearance of the graduate is
related to the formation of design schools in the 20th century.
The formation of this art in Russia has a periodic character: a high growth was followed by
a low decline. But power has always been and will always be aesthetic. The development of the
design can be divided into several stages.
In the first stage (1917-1922), the creation of design was carried out in the collision of
production with the art of mass propaganda, as well as in the active design of streets, holidays and
political marches. During this period, new approaches to the design of advertising, poster and book
products began to be used, which marked the beginning of the development of graphic design.
In the second stage (1923-1932) it became one of the main centers of training of
professional designers in Russian production faculties. At this time, certain concepts directed to
the further development of art were formed, and projects for the arrangement of homes,
workplaces, and public spaces began to be developed. Won in collages, type compositions, book
designs, poster graphics.
When organizing a space in various stylistic decisions, you should consider not only the
main objects, but also your details. Experts recommend that you first develop a plan for yourself,
for example, to determine where the tracks will be located, an open space, a place for recreation,
ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN
SCIENCE
АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
281
a pond, etc. Landscape design styles of suburban areas solve this problem in different ways, taking
into account practical aspects and priorities.
Focus on important things and elements: Plants are recommended to be planted in groups,
so you can create colorful compositions that change throughout the year. It is important to balance
the elements of the structure. Landscape design styles include many details that can be divided
into groups. The central object is the building and the task for it, which makes it fully compatible
with the house.
For the design of the site, it is customary to use English, forest and lawn, which can be
equal to the ground. Each option is suitable for different styles. During the registration process,
landscaping of the garden is carried out, it should be designed so that the garden changes
throughout the year and does not lose its originality. If possible, designers recommend organizing
an artificial water div on the site, for example, a pond, pond, waterfall, etc. Depending on the
chosen design direction, the selected landscape decoration is of great importance. For example,
there can be statues, pots, mountain tops, etc.
When choosing landscape design styles, designers often combine several directions and
different techniques. As a result, you will find a harmonious site and include the most interesting
design ideas. In this case, the design is carried out without taking into account the features of the
landscape. This direction is usually called eclecticism.
Its main features:
When working on the site, you should use at least 2-3 styles. There are contrasts, but for
their combination it is customary to pay attention to a common or colorful, for example. Functional
zones should be separated and they should have clear boundaries. For this, you can choose arches,
columns, etc. It should be noted that each zone has its own style, which makes the site original. It
is not recommended to use too many elements in the design, because it creates the effect of
complexity.
It is not good to install furniture, walls and decor in one color. This causes all parts to
become one.
Alpine style in landscape design. This option is perfect for occupying mountain-like places.
At ground level, you can arrange a stone bank or a mountain top. Landscaping in front of
the house in a modern style and behind it means using a lot of stones, and you can also include
ceramics and metal in the design. Another characteristic feature is conflicts. Zoning is possible,
but all parts of the site must be integrated. The house should be on a hill. The general color scheme
is light, but there are many bright additions. All styles of landscape design have their own
characteristics in plants, and such choices are needed in the direction of the foothills: hardy and
fragile fruit crops. Such trees are recommended: honas, gooseberry, raspberry, hydrangea, olive
and the like. Flowers can be different, so even a simple wormwood looks great.
Regular style in landscape design. The distinctive features of this direction include
symmetry, regular geometric shapes and order. Regular French style for large areas only. Its basic
concept is that human nature prevails and requires order from the basic chaos. Axial compositions
formed around the main objects are very popular.
ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN
SCIENCE
АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
282
An integral part of the garden is the bosquet. The regular style of landscape design has its
own characteristics: the right lawn, sculptures, discounts and many paths. Plants should not cover
the edges, so you can plant annuals and bulbs. Firs, thuja and trees that can be cut are suitable.
Landscape design, which should be symmetrical and have clear edges, is actively used in
the hygienic regular style. Garden furniture can be stone or wood, the main one looks luxurious.
English style in landscape design
This direction is characterized by naturalness, lack of strict forms and merging with the
surrounding nature. Most garden equipment for landscape design is subject to serious changes, and
English (landscape) - small, even some carelessness and primitiveness are allowed. Can be selected
for small areas. The presence of winding roads made of natural stones, natural water bodies and
well-kept lawns are the main features. It is customary to install gazebos and benches in convenient
places on the site. The remaining zone can be separated by a cage or an arch. Like multi-level
flower beds in the English style. If you want to install sculptures, you do not need to place them
in the center of the composition, and you need to place them in arbitrary places of correct solutions.
The design uses a vertical landscape and many colors, such as tulips, mallow, etc. In
addition, you can plant pumpkins, pumpkins and juniper plants, and the trees should be tall and
shady.
Middle style in landscape design. This is one of the most difficult ways to implement
directions, as it combines citrus and coniferous plants, as well as beautiful ponds. Medium
standards are ideal for light areas. For a harsh climate, you should get analogues of subtropical
plants. The main styles of landscape design include the Mediterranean direction, and there are
characteristic features similar to it: many colors and greens, many natural stones, wooden benches,
and garden forms. , pools, cascades and fountains.
Japanese style in landscape design. In this direction, it is customary to pay attention to
details, because each element has a meaning. The main details are rock, water and plants. The
Japanese style in the landscape means the balance of all components, the color scale is limited,
and the main elements are stones and plants. The main plantations include pine, crown, decorative
apple trees, plum and hill-shaped rock. For a change, you can plant pot, corn, peony and iris. The
main elements of the decor: a garden of stones, a gazebo and dry streams. A water source is
required.
Landscape design styles. This is the most popular design trend based on simplicity,
naturalness and ease. The state style in the style of landscape design implies the rejection of fixed
lines and the reference point to the freedom of creativity. It is suitable for all places and
characteristics: the presence of bright colors and natural materials, for feeding traditionally used
fruit trees and bushes, as well as curly and medicinal plants. For decoration, you can install wells,
fences, benches, barrels, magazines and various figures.
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ISSN:
2181-3906
2024
International scientific journal
«MODERN
SCIENCE
АND RESEARCH»
VOLUME 3 / ISSUE 10 / UIF:8.2 / MODERNSCIENCE.UZ
283
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