1078
ResearchBib IF-2023: 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 1 Issue 10
FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS' STATUS IN THE GROUP
Sarvinoz Haydarova
teacher of Termiz State University
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14553981
Abstract.
The article examines the socio-psychological factors that affect the state of a
person in a group of students. Empirical research data on the establishment of relationships
between different levels of the social-psychological condition of students in the group and the
predominant types of relationships between students are presented.
Key word:
individuality, social environment, psychological factors, interpersonal
relations.
ФАКТОРЫ, ВЛИЯЮЩИЕ НА СТАТУС СТУДЕНТОВ В ГРУППЕ
Аннотация.
В статье рассматриваются социально-психологические факторы,
влияющие на состояние личности в группе студентов. Приведены данные эмпирического
исследования по установлению взаимосвязей между различными уровнями социально-
психологического состояния студентов в группе и преобладающими типами
взаимоотношений между студентами.
Ключевые слова:
индивидуальность, социальная среда, психологические факторы,
межличностные отношения.
Introduction:
Currently, social psychology is of great interest in the study of student
groups in the system of higher professional education. Researchers emphasize the high relevance
of these groups for its participants, especially the importance of interpersonal relationships within
the group [1-4]. Each person who is the subject of interpersonal relations enters as a system of
interpersonal relations, orientations, expectations determined by the joint activities of people and
the content of their communication. in various social formations, including small social groups.
Relationships in small social groups affect the effectiveness of joint activities, the nature
of the communication process and are characterized by selectivity and emotional tones [5].
Analysis of literature on the topic
. Research on the psychological study of student group
status has been conducted overseas and in the United States. Galina Mikhailovna Andreyeva is a
Soviet and Russian social psychologist and sociologist who defines a group as a person whose
subjects are united by certain common features, including the nature of joint activities. Artur
Alexandrovich Rean is a Russian psychologist and Yakov Lvovich Kolominsky.
The data obtained in social psychology do not create a complete picture of determining
status differences. The characteristics of students as subjects of communication can be interpreted
from the point of view of the social state of development.
1079
ResearchBib IF-2023: 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 1 Issue 10
The student period is characterized by a change in leading activities, a change in social
status, and the entry of young people into a new social role. G.M. Andreeva [6] defines a group as
a person whose subjects are united by certain common characteristics, including the nature of joint
activities.
Research methodology. Thus, a group is a group of people, which is characterized by the
following characteristics: joint activity, structure, level of development, etc. activity is
interconnected with dynamic processes within the group, perception of each other's subjects.
Problems of groups and joint activities are traditionally considered in social psychology [1,
6-9]. But many issues, including the problem of the interaction mechanisms of the individual and
the group, require further research. One of the important characteristics of interpersonal interaction
is the position of a person in a group or status, which means the position of a person in the system
of interpersonal relations and the measure of his "psychological acceptability" by group members.
It can be considered as a fairly objective indicator of the success of a person's
communicative activity. Ya.L. Kolominsky [1] defines status as an integral concept, which
includes both objective parameters, for example, a person's position in the intragroup structure,
and a subjective reflection of his own position, reflected in different degrees. Thus, in modern
social psychology [1, 9] status is considered as the subject's place in the system of interpersonal
relations, which determines his rights, obligations and certain privileges in the group. It is common
to distinguish between business leadership and emotional leadership. The role of the instrumental
"business" leader consists of actions aimed at solving the tasks assigned to each participant and
the entire group, and the role of the emotional leader is related to the emotional aspects of the
group's relationships]. Much of the work of researchers on the problem of sociometric status in
groups was devoted to the study of the relationship between sociometric status and various
individual typological characteristics, for example, extroversion, introversion, level of aggression,
external attractiveness, school success, intellectual ma 014 information, age, etc. At the same time,
A.A. Reana and Ya.L. Kolominsky the data obtained in social psychology do not create a complete
picture of determining status differences. The available information is abundant and sometimes
contradictory. The problem of individual status in peer groups has been studied more by
researchers of child development, adolescence and young adulthood], such an important stage as
"student age" has not been sufficiently studied in this regard. The characteristics of students as
subjects of communication can be interpreted from the point of view of the social situation of
development. The student period is characterized by a change in leading activities, a change in
social status, and the entry of young people into a new social role.
Adolescence is a special life stage that mediates a person's transition to adulthood. A
student who has started an independent life is essentially not independent, he is often economically
1080
ResearchBib IF-2023: 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 1 Issue 10
and psychologically dependent on his parents. Such a gap between the official beginning of social
maturity and its actual "non-beginning" is a serious contradiction of this period of development.
Student age is a stage for a person when this contradiction is resolved, active direction and
development of new social functions takes place [6]. Staying as a student in a higher education
institution involves the development of new competencies and new behavioral strategies. They are
often associated with dominant, independent behavior. Students are characterized by a desire to
control everything that happens around them in communication, to influence what others do, feel
or think about them. They do not want to accept the influence of other people and obey them.
characterized by the intensity of interpersonal interaction and the expansion of the social circle.
Informal communication that optimizes the emotional state of a person and helps in
difficult life situations is especially important for students. The need for recognition, self-respect
and self-acceptance is clearly expressed [5]. Reference groups have a huge impact on students. A
study by N.D. Tvorogova [4] showed that the level of importance of the group in which they are
included is very important for students. The influence of information groups is especially great in
relation to the satisfaction of basic needs for students: avoiding failure, maintaining a high position
in the group, self-awareness and recognition of the individual by other members of the group.
avoid conflict between assessments, the need for achievement, high status, group prestige,
belonging and acceptance needs. The situation of social development in which students find
themselves is very democratic, where spontaneity and sincerity are encouraged. The university
system is more democratic than the school system, and the status of a student is similar to that of
a school student. A sociometric procedure was used to determine the level of expression of
different socio-psychological conditions of students in the group. The reliability of the obtained
results was ensured by using a number of mathematical statistical methods, including the r-
Spearman correlation coefficient. The computer program "SPSS 17.0 for Windows" was used for
data analysis. Unlike usual, the sociometric procedure includes three criteria. Based on the
criterion "with which member of your group do you like to spend your free time", the emotional
state was determined. Business status was determined based on the criterion "which member of
your group would you turn to for help with your studies." The status of "psychotherapeutic" was
determined based on the criterion "Which member of your group would you turn to for advice
when solving an important life problem?" The degree of expression of each type of socio-
psychological condition was determined based on the sum of the accepted choices. Sociometric
indices were calculated for each type of socio-psychological condition for each group member.
Since the quantitative structure of the groups participating in the study was different, the socio-
psychological condition was determined not by the absolute number of elections, but by individual
sociometric indicators.
1081
ResearchBib IF-2023: 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 1 Issue 10
Sociometric status indices of group members were calculated separately for all three types
of socio-psychological status. Then, in the group of students participating in the research, finding
the average value of the indices for the three types of status, the general index of the socio-
psychological condition was determined, in addition, with the help of V. Stefanson's "Q-sorting"
technique, students' superior relationships with each other were determined. This method allows
us to determine the characteristics of interpersonal relations in the group according to the following
parameters: "dependence - independence", "generality - intolerance", "acceptance of struggle -
avoidance of struggle". In accordance with the objectives of the study, using the sociometric
procedure, students with high, medium and low socio-psychological status were determined:
emotional, business and "psychotherapeutic".
Indicators of the socio-psychological condition of the students in the group by all types and
the general index of the socio-psychological condition in the group were interpreted as follows:
those who received an index of less than 0.10 are of low status, those who received an index from
0.10 to 0.20 are average status, indices were classified from 0.30 to higher status. The percentage
of the weight of each socio-psychological status of students in the group was determined, and then
using the Spearman r-correlation analysis procedure, we determined how correlated the expression
levels of different types of statuses are. students in the group. The analysis of correlation relations
showed that there are significant relationships between the three types of social-psychological
status of students in the group. The higher the emotional state, the higher the business and
"psychotherapeutic" status of the student in the group (р ≤ р0.05; р ≥ р0.01) and vice versa. Thus,
the leadership structure in the studied groups of students is harmonious. Then, using the Spearman
r correlation coefficient, the relationship between the existing relationships and the severity of
different socio-psychological conditions was determined. A statistically significant, reliable
correlation was found between business status and the attitude of "avoidance of war". That is, most
students who seek help with their studies prefer to avoid confrontation in interpersonal
relationships, seek to avoid conflictual interactions, and maintain neutrality in group discussions.
According to the study, what students with high sociometric status have in common,
regardless of its modality (emotional, business and "psychotherapeutic"), is that they are successful
communicators; they demonstrate better expressive abilities (including the ability to form their
own opinions) than others. appearance), High-status students are characterized by high self-
esteem. In addition, regardless of the degree of closeness of the relationship, high-status students
are "significant others" for other students, meaning that they significantly influence the self-esteem
of members of student groups.
A characteristic feature of modern student groups, according to researchers [2-4], is a
certain dispersion of its participants (compared to previous decades).
1082
ResearchBib IF-2023: 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 1 Issue 10
The reasons for such dispersion are: the increase of independent working hours, the
possibility of using Internet resources during the educational process, the large number of working
students, the loss of the traditions of organizing educational work in higher educational
institutions, etc. However, The student group remains the most important institution of
socialization of young people and influences the development of their personality. The sociometric
status of a group member is an important component of the process of professionalization, because
it often represents a relatively stable value and describes a person's relationship system, and is a
criterion for a person's ability to develop a flexible behavior strategy in a group. and is an indicator
of social adaptation in different living conditions. Researchers describing the age of students note
that during this period, issues of professional education appear most acutely. self-determination,
moreover, for many students, this period is associated with creating a family or establishing long-
term, emotionally significant relationships. This is a period of serious crises, heavy burdens,
worries and problems. So, in the process of professional education, the formation of a person not
only as a subject of a profession, but also as a subject of interpersonal relations takes place, and in
this regard, the place of the group of students, its position in the group. , the role of the subject in
the system of interpersonal relations within the group is extremely large. Information on the
analysis of socio-psychological factors affecting the state of a person in a group of students will
be useful for the activities of the university's psychological services in the process of developing
recommendations for creating favorable conditions for the adaptation of students at different
stages. training, to optimize the activity of the student group, to optimize the access of the
individual to the group, which allows for more effective implementation of educational functions
in the profession of vocational education.
REFERENCES
1.
Коломинский Я.Л. Социальная психология взаимоотношений в малых группах. М.:
АСТ, 2010. 448 с.
2.
Краснова В.В., Холмогорова А.Б. Социальная тревожность и студенческая
дезадаптация / Психологическая наука и образование. 2011. №1. С. 140-150.
3.
Сачкова М.Е. Статусные отношения в подростковых ученических группах / Вопросы
психологии. 2006. №4. С. 58–58.
4.
Творогова Н.Д. Экспериментальное изучение социальной перцепции в процессе
общения студентов в учебной группе // Вопросы психологии. 1981. № 4. С. 119-123.
Инженерный вестник Дона, №4 (2014) ivdon.ru/ru/magazine/archive/n4y2014/2698 ©
Электронный научный журнал «Инженерный вестник Дона», 2007–2014
5.
Психология. Словарь. /Под ред. А.В. Петровского, М.Г. Ярошевского. М., 1990. 494 с.
1083
ResearchBib IF-2023: 11.01, ISSN: 3030-3753, Valume 1 Issue 10
6.
Saydullayevna, H. S. (2023). Study of Psychological Characteristics of Personal
Aggression.
EUROPEAN
JOURNAL
OF
INNOVATION
IN
NONFORMAL
EDUCATION
,
3
(12), 76-79.
7.
Haydarova, S. S. (2024). THE ROLE OF STATUS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF A
STUDENT’S PERSONALITY.
Educational Research in Universal Sciences
,
3
(4
SPECIAL), 123-125.
