The role and importance of organizational principles in olympic education

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2.

Гайдар В.А., Левченко И.А. «Сравнительная оценка карпатских и

украинских пчел» ж. «Пчеловодство», №8, 2003

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Земскова Н.Е., Саттаров В.Н., Туктаров В.Р. «Состояние и

сохранность

медоносный

пчел

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территории

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«Пчеловодство», №5, 2016

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Алпатов В.В. Породы медоносной пчелы. - М: Колос, 1948

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Гайдар В.А. «Морфо этологический стандарт карпатских пчел»

ж. «Пчеловодство», №6, 2004

Mamajonov Dilshodbek Adxamovich lecturer, Yuldashev Rashid

Yigitaliyevich lecturer, Namangan State University, Uzbekistan

THE ROLE AND IMPORTANCE OF ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES IN

OLYMPIC EDUCATION

D.Mamajonov, R.Yuldashev

Abstract: This article examines the principles of advocacy and their

importance in the organization of Olympic education, and provides
conclusions and practical recommendations. Olympic education, with its
educational features, requires specific organizational principles and plays a
special role in the organization of this educational process.

Keywords: Olympic education, Olympism, Olympic values, Olympic

movement, principles of propaganda

It is necessary to involve young people in sports, as well as to promote

the humane ideas and values of sports. In doing so, first and foremost, the
athlete must cultivate a person, a citizen, who can defend the honor of the
homeland, fight honestly, resist rudeness, greed, use of force and evil which
truly destroy both sports, society and the individual (Author's Team, 2017).

Today, the education of young people is undergoing great changes, and

new directions are emerging in education. One of these areas is Olympic
education.

The concept of Olympic education was first formulated in 1968 at the

8th session of the International Olympic Academy and has since been
regarded as one of the types of humanitarian education (Ivanov, 2011).

Today, every city that is bidding for an Olympic Games is required to

outline its plans for an Olympic education initiative. Theoretically these
initiatives should be based on the shared values of the Olympic Movement.
The challenge for all who believe that sport and physical activity provide a

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context for learning about life is to evaluate the results, another topic for
future research (Binder, 2012).

The goal of the Olympic Movement lies in the cultivation of persons with

a harmonious development, physically and mentally, in the construction of
society in which human dignity is maintained, and in contribution to build a
peaceful and better world. What it advocates is the value of friendship, of
fair play, of striving for better, and of mutual respect, and what it objects to
is any forms of discrimination related to race, religion, gender, or political
system. It can be summarized in three English words: Friendship, Excellence
and Respect (Zhenliang, 2010).

Studying Olympism and living in the spirit of its ideas gives a person

great strength, because the ideas of Olympism are based on purity, honesty,
unity and solidarity. The idea of Olympism encourages humanity to strive
for the good. Patriotism, respect for friends, the promotion of peace and
friendship, and equality are at the forefront of the Olympism.

Olympic education as a pedagogical activity, which for its goals and

objectives is based on the ideas and values of Olympism, is oriented to all
socio-demographic groups of the population. Of particular importance is the
Olympic education of young athletes and students - schoolchildren,
students, etc. (Stolyarov, 2014).

When explaining the problems and difficulties that, as a rule, arise in the

upbringing of the Olympic attitude to sport, the Olympic and general
humanistic culture of a person, the following reasons most often indicate:

- Lack of a system in the organization of Olympic pedagogical activity;
- Unpreparedness of teachers;
- Excessive enthusiasm for methods of propaganda, informational

explanatory works, exaggeration of their role and significance, etc.
(Stolyarov, 2018).

Research has shown that the following technologies and organizational

principles should be followed in the promotion of Olympic education:

- Comprehensiveness, which means the inculcation of Olympism in all

members of society on the basis of diversity of ideas, in the process of
covering all segments of the population;

- To be directed towards a shared purpose;
- The main goal of Olympism is the education of man and the realization

of human potential, the training of a multifaceted and well-developed
Olympic athlete in full accordance with Coubertin's motto "A high spirit in a
developed div!";

- Continuity means the continuity of the promotion of the Olympism in

space and time, its transformation into a holistic system. The principle of
continuity requires the creation of a certain educational space in the country
to inculcate Olympism in the minds of young people. Every situation and

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action in this field, including the curricula, programs, textbooks, manuals,
classrooms and auditoriums, visual aids in the education system, requires
compliance with the Olympics.

- Sequence - for each stage the promotion of the Olympism is planned in

order to assimilate the Olympic values;

- Staging - is related to the psychological aspects of promoting

Olympism, requiring both the promoter and the receiver to go through
certain stages of preparation. For example, it is not only inappropriate to tell
an elementary school pupil about the philosophical and historical roots of
Olympism, it is also completely ineffective. Therefore, the Olympic education
and upbringing in kindergarten, primary education, general secondary
education, lyceums and colleges, universities and labor communities, should
take the age, knowledge, education aspects of the receiver into account;

- The normativeness does not allow for high-flying, formalistic and

repetitive cycle of life, which leads to counter-propaganda, leading to the
loss of self-consciousness;

- Personal example is one of the most important factors in the success of

the promotion of the Olympism. If a school teacher speaks to students in
class about the interests of the nation, their aspirations, and the aspirations
of peoples for peace, the principles of "fair play" and does the opposite in
life, the effect of this propaganda will be equal to zero.

- The use of advanced propaganda technologies - in this case, the

promotion of the Olympism is seen as a way to skillfully manage people.
Promoting Olympic education is an active process, not a rigid one. Therefore,
it cannot be inculcated in the minds of young pupils and students with the
help of traditional forms of propaganda, such as preaching and lecturing. It
is advisable to use active forms of propaganda and modern technologies to
achieve the goal.

The goal can be achieved more quickly and completely if the promotion

among student is through wise use of forms such as discussion, debate, and
roundtable discussions. The physiological and psychological characteristics
of young people require the use of more interactive methods and listed
forms of promotion, rather than sermons and lectures. These principles are
common to all stages of inculcating Olympism in the minds of students. At
different stages, using different forms and means, it is necessary and
important to take into account such factors as the pedagogical
characteristics of young students in inculcating Olympism in their minds.

In Uzbekistan, it is important to form in citizens the qualities of a free

person, recognized in the idea of a perfect man, to carry out a system of
humane feelings and experiences, (for the successful development of the
Olympic movement; a sense of aesthetic sports beauty, a sense of grief over
any moral depravity in sport, and a sense of personal responsibility for the

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realization of human values through sport) and other tasks. Therefore, when
using advocacy technics:

- Impartiality of promotion;
- To aim healthy and humane;
- To be free from one-sided goals;
- To respect national-cultural traditions of peoples;
- To recognize human rights and interests, democratic principles as

priority;

- The Olympic Games and the Olympic movement among nations, their

history, goals, objectives, the main ideas and values of Olympism (including
the principles of "Fair Play", the ideals of a well-developed Olympic athlete,
etc.);

- Interest in sports, the need for regular sports, and the desire to achieve

the highest possible sports results;

- These directions of sports are, first of all, one of the most important

means of shaping physical culture, as part of a healthy lifestyle, as well as the
demonstration of aesthetics, morality, culture, humanism to each other and
nature, human physical and mental ability to control and influence others;

- The need for active sports for a healthy lifestyle, not for fame, but to

combine their physical and spiritual (intellectual, spiritual, aesthetic)
abilities, to develop them in all aspects;

- Aspiration to participate in the Olympic Games and to show in them a

conscientious, noble, courageous game (in accordance with the principles of
fair play);

- To train not only a one-sided advanced athlete, a record-holder, but

also a multifaceted and well-developed Olympic athlete who fully complies
with Coubertin's motto "A high spirit in a developed div!";

- It is important to promote the idea of common sense and solidarity

based on respect for freedom of thought.

References:
1.

Binder Deanna L Olympic values education: evolution of a pedagogy

[Journal] // Educational Review. - [s.l.] : Routledge, 2012. - 3 : Vol. 64. - pp.
275-302.

2.

The authors team Olimp sari (Towards the Olympus) [Книга]. -

Toshkent : Navro‘z, 2017. - p. 208.

3.

Zhenliang H The Fusion of the Olympic Movement and Human

Civilization [Journal] // Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. - Beijing :
Elsevier Ltd, 2010. - 5 : Vol. 2. - pp. 7185–7187.

4.

Иванов Сергей Анатольевич Олимпийское образование как

метапредмет [Журнал] // Веснік МДПУ імя І. П. Шамякіна. - Мозырь :
МДПУ, 2011 г.. - (32) : Т. №3. - стр. 88-96.

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50

5.

Столяров Владислав Олимпийское воспитание. Теория и

практика. [Книга]. - Москва : Национальное образование, 2014. - стр.
402.

6.

Столяров Владислав Современный олимпизм и олимпийская

педагогика: достижения, проблемы, перспективы [Книга]. - Москва :
ПЛАНЕТА, 2018. - стр. 528.

Yorkinoy Mirzaeva - Senior Lecturer, Department of Sericulture and

Mulberry growing, Tashkent State Agrarian University Uzbekistan

Nortoji Khujamshukurov - Professor of Tashkent University of Chemical

Technology, Doctor of Biological Sciences Uzbekistan

Nigora Sokhibova - Tashkent State Agrarian University, Department of

Sericulture and Mulberry growing 2nd year PhD student Uzbekistan

EFFICIENCY AND QUALITY INDICATORS OF IN VITRO PROPAGATION OF

HIGH-YIELDING MULBERRY VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS

Yorkinoy Mirzaeva, Nortoji Khujamshukurov, Nigora Sokhibova

Abstract: This article describes the hybrid of Oshima I2N2 (Morus

bombycis Koidz.) × SANIISH-25 (Morus multicaulis Perr.), Obtained by
crossbreeding of mulberry tree, which is widely used in production in
Uzbekistan. The specificity of the variety and the development of each clone
were studied in the process of different effects on the growth and
development of mulberry in standard nutrient media in vitro from the
selected Jarariq 9 varieties.

Our study found that when we planted 3 clones in a new environment,

leaving one joint, the third apical part grew better than the 2nd medium
clone, but the 3rd clone growth and root rate, which was cut close to the 3rd
nutrient medium, was higher than the 1st and 2nd clones.

Key words: Mulberry (Morus sp.), micropropagation, in vitro screening,

M.Bombycis Koidz, M.Multicaulis Perr., M.Nigra L., M.Alba L.

It is no secret that today there are all the conditions for scientific and

practical research using the domestic potential for further development of
the economy of Uzbekistan. Our research is in vitro micro propagation of
mulberry tree varieties and hybrids suitable for our climatic conditions. Our
results are a scientific and practical demonstration of the advantages and
effectiveness of traditional multiplication methods and high quality
indicators.