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The reforms of farm activity in Uzbekistan
Sanjarbek MAMAJONOV
1
Andijan State University
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
Article history:
Received April 2025
Received in revised form
15 May 2025
Accepted 15 June 2025
Available online
25 June 2025
In the article, current archival materials and scientific
literature have been analyzed to explore farm activity in
Uzbekistan, its main changes, and implemented measures.
Additionally, farmers' activities in the country have been
examined through archival sources and historical materials.
2181-
1415/©
2025 in Science LLC.
https://doi.org/10.47689/2181-1415-vol6-iss3-pp
This is an open access article under the Attribution 4.0 International
(CC BY 4.0) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.ru)
Keywords:
agriculture,
farm,
activity,
Uzbekistan,
economy,
reforms,
modernization,
Action strategy.
Ўзбекистонда
фермер
хўжалиги
фаолиятидаги
ислоҳотлар
АННОТАЦИЯ
Калит сўзлар:
қишлоқ
хўжалиги,
фермер,
фаолият,
Ўзбекистон,
иқтисодиёт,
ислоҳотлар
,
модернизация,
Ҳаракатлар
стратегияси.
Мақолада Ўзбекистонда фермерлик фаолияти ва унинг
асосий ўзгаришлари ва чора
-
тадбирлари замонавий архив
материаллари ва илмий адабиётлар орқали таҳлил
қилинади. Бундан ташқари, мамлакат фермерлари
фаолияти
архив манбалари ва тарихий материаллари
ёрдамида ёритилган.
1
Candidate of Historical Sciences (PhD), Associate Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Andijan State
University.
Жамият
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Общество
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Society and innovations
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184
Реформы деятельности фермерских хозяйств в
Узбекистане
АННОТАЦИЯ
Ключевые слова:
Сельское хозяйство,
фермер, деятельность,
Узбекистан, экономика,
реформы, модернизация,
Стратегия действий.
В статье проанализированы актуальные архивные
материалы и научная литература с целью изучения
фермерской деятельности в Узбекистане, основных
изменений в этой сфере и реализованных мер. Кроме того,
на основе архивных источников и исторических
материалов была исследована деятельность фермеров в
стране.
After gaining independence, the government of Uzbekistan paid special attention to
the objective and scientific study of the history of irrigation. In particular, the Action Strategy
for the Development of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 2017
–
2021, which outlines five
priority areas of national development, emphasizes the modernization and accelerated
development of agriculture. Key priorities include improving the reclamation of irrigated
lands, developing reclamation and irrigation networks, introducing intensive agricultural
production methods, implementing modern water- and resource-saving agro-technologies,
and utilizing high-yield agricultural machinery [1]. For this reason, the study of the history
and development of irrigation has been considered important in all periods.
In accordance with the Action Strategy for the five priority areas of development of
the Republic of Uzbekistan, in 2017 alone, 8.1 thousand hectares of potatoes,
27.2 thousand hectares of vegetables 9,000 ha of intensive orchards, 2,900 ha of
vineyards, 10,900 ha of fodder crops and 4,000 ha of oilseeds were planted [2]. As a
result of these measures, the damage caused by the cultivation of cotton and grain in low-
yielding areas will be reduced by 80 billion soums reduction by UZS, additional 1 mln. As
a result of the production of about 20.5 thousand new jobs in the regions, it was possible
to increase the number of people employed in these areas to 75.6 thousand, to double the
volume of fruit and vegetable exports. At present, the development of intensive
horticulture and viticulture through the planting of high-yielding, early-ripening and
sweet-tasting dwarf and semi-dwarf trees on the basis of modern agricultural
technologies, as well as increasing the production of consumer and exportable fruits and
vegetables in world markets are among the key tasks.
It is important to note that during 2011-2016, 31308 high-yielding stunted and
semi-stunted intensive orchards were established in horticulture on the basis of new
agro-technologies [3]. Seed-selection and variety selection play an important role in
increasing the productivity of agricultural crops. Extensive research has been conducted
on its introduction into production. As a result, for the first time in Central Asia, the
selection of seed, legume, berry, walnut crops was launched, laying the foundation for the
creation of new varieties. Thanks to many years of scientific research, about 180 fruit and
grape varieties have been created, and about eighty of them have been included in the
State Register.
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March 5, 2016 “On
measures to further develop the raw material base of fruits, vegetables and meat and
dairy products in 2016-2020, deepen their processing, increase food production and
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exports” [4]. According to the resolution, a total of 180 investment projects worth
$ 595,886.3 thousand will be implemented for the construction of new enterprises for
deep processing of agricultural products, reconstruction and modernization of existing
ones. According to this decision, in 2016-2020, 138 fruit and vegetable processing plants
with a capacity of 99,100 tons, 46 meat processing plants with a capacity of 16,500 tons,
79 dairy processing plants with a capacity of 34,850 tons and other food products will be
produced. It is planned to launch 153 new processing plants with a capacity of
26,840 tons [5]. As a result of the implementation of systemic measures for deep
processing of agricultural products by 2020, compared to 2016, the volume of canned
fruits and vegetables increased by 79.4%, fruit juices by 80.5%, dried fruits by 73.1%,
meat and meat products by 59.5%., sausage products 68.8%, milk and dairy products
56.6%, butter 51.4%, confectionery 59.9%, vegetable oil 57.2%, sugar 24.0, cheese 2.5,
canned meat 2, 4, increased fish production by 3.4 times and frozen fish by 2.8 times [6].
In the Action Strategy, the total cost of international financial institutions for
agricultural development in 2017 is 337.8 million. It is planned to use the funds in the
following areas:
–
150 million dollars from the Asian Development Bank for the project
“Modernization of agricultural production”;
–
150 million from the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.
dollars for the project “Development of the livestock sector”;
–
23.8 million from the International Fund for Agricultural Development. The
project “Expansion of dairy production and development of processing in Kashkadarya
and Jizzakh regions” was directed to the project.
In 2017, for the first time, about 1 million tons of grain were released. hectares of
land were planted with vegetables, potatoes, melons and legumes, and 5.5 mln. more
than a ton of products were produced. In the same year, instead of cotton and grain on
96,000 hectares of low-yielding areas, cabbage, various vegetables and greens were
planted on 32,000 hectares, and thousands of tons of products from these areas were
exported. Intensive orchards and new vineyards were planted on 11,000 hectares, and
greenhouses on 1,500,000 hectares. This year, the republic produced 8,377,000 tons of
grain, more than 2,900,000 tons of cotton, 12,450 tons of cocoons, 500,800 tons of rice,
22 million tons. tons of fruits and vegetables and 12.3 mln. tons of meat and milk were
grown.
According to the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated
October 10, 2017 “On organizat
ional measures for further development of farmers,
dehkan farms and landowners”
, support in the field of storage and sale, including the
implementation of agro-technical measures and the conclusion of contracts, the export of
products to foreign arkets.
T
he measures outlined in the “Action Strategy for the five priority areas of
development of the Republic of Uzbekistan in 2017-
2021” for the accelerated
development and modernization of agriculture will serve to develop the agricultural
sector at a sustainable pace, strengthen food security and increase export potential. In
accordance with the Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan dated March
29, 2018 on the “Rural Development’ program, in 2018, construction and beautification
works were carried out in 386 villages in 159 districts. In these villages there are
142,000 detached houses and more than a thousand multi-storey houses, 3,000 km. road
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repair, 2.5 thousand km. electricity, 2 thousand km. construction and rehabilitation of
drinking water networks, construction of 2,400 markets and other infrastructure
facilities [8].
On April 17, 2018, the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan issued a resolution
“On measures to organize the activities of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of
Uzbekistan”, according to which the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic Consistent
implementation of the tasks of ensuring the coordinated implementation of the priorities
of state policy in the field of agriculture. At the same time, according to this decision, the
Minister of Agriculture of the Republic of Uzbekistan is instructed to:
–
Ensuring timely and quality implementation of the requirements of the laws of
the Republic of Uzbekistan, resolutions of the President and the Cabinet of Ministers of
the Republic of Uzbekistan, normative legal acts;
–
Effective implementation of programs, action plans, "road maps" and other policy
documents on agricultural development, socio-economic development of the regions and
the solution of problematic issues in the field of agriculture.
On April 26, 2018, a video conference chaired by the President of the Republic of
Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoev was held on issues related to the effective organization
of the “Prosperous Village” program and the most important tasks in this regard. “Over
the past 25 years, no practical work has been done to improve the appearance and
beautification of villages, except for the construction of exemplary housing, for which no
funds have been allocated,” the head of state said. In m
any villages, important areas such
as streets, social facilities, drinking water, and electricity supply have been neglected and
neglected for years. ”[9] According to the Presidential Decree of June 27, 2018, the
program “Obod mahalla” was adopted.
According to him, in 2018, at least 2 neighborhoods in each city and at least
3 neighborhoods per year until 2022 will be radically renovated, construction and repair
of drinking water, electricity and natural gas, sewerage networks, groundwater level
reduction, as well as 5,607 km. internal roads, repair of 369 social facilities, construction
of 969 market infrastructure facilities and service outlets [10]. For this purpose,
“Obod mahalla” funds have been established under local khokimiyats.
In his address to the Oliy Majlis on December 28, 2018, the President of the
Republic of Uzbekistan Sh.M. Mirziyoev emphasized the reforms in the economy of the
republic, in particular, in the field of agriculture, which is an integral part of it. In
particular, the reform of the management system of the agricultural sector, the
introduction of advanced technologies for the rational use of land and water resources,
ensuring food security were recognized as the most important tasks.
The following year, it was decided to establish 48 cotton-textile clusters to increase
cluster cotton production to at least 51%. At the same time, given the need to
comprehensively develop the activities of grain and fruit and vegetable clusters and the fact
that this sector is relatively new to the country, it was necessary to review the procedures
for state support, simplification of the credit system, cost subsidies, land allocation.
In short, structural changes in the country's agro-industrial sector have led to the
rapid development of agricultural production and the strengthening of food security. These
efforts aim to ensure the production of environmentally friendly products and the
uninterrupted supply of food and raw materials to the processing industry. At the same time,
due to the support provided by the government to farms, including the rational use of land,
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water, machinery, and other material and financial resources, productivity has increased
year by year. As a result, farms have achieved significant success in the cotton and grain
sectors, primarily due to the increased material incentives linked to their labor efforts.
REFERENCES:
1.
Decree of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan No. PD-4947 of February
7, 2017 “On the Strategy of further development of the Republic of Uzbekistan” //
Collection of legislation of the Republic of Uzbekistan.
–
№6 (766) –
Article 70.
–
Tashkent: Adolat, 2017.
2.
National Archive of Uzbekistan, M-110 fund, list 1, collection 902, page 58.
3.
Archive of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Fund 975, List 20, Volume 51, Page 4.
4.
Archive of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
fund 975, list 20, collection 51, page 9.
5.
National Archive of Uzbekistan, M-110 Fund, List 1, Volume 902, Sheet 59.
6.
Archive of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
fund 975, list 20, collection 51, page 12.
7.
Tulyakov E., Dehkanov Sh., Rashidova Sh. And others. 3 years with action
strategy: expected results, high efficiency and high milestones.
–
Tashkent: Konrad
Adenauer Shiftung, 2020.-P.42.
8.
Archive of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
fund 975, list 20, Volume 51, page 16.
9.
Archive of the Administration of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan,
fund 975, list 21, volume 54, volume 36.
10.
National Archive of Uzbekistan, M-110 Fund, List 1, Volume 902, 60 pages.
