No. 15 (2025) Theoretical aspects in the formation of pedagogical sciences

Til — bu nafaqat aloqa vositasi, balki inson tafakkurining ko‘zgusi, dunyoni idrok etish va baholash vositasidir. Lisoniy manzara deganda til orqali ifodalangan va ongda shakllangan voqelik tasavvurlari majmui tushuniladi. Mazkur manzaraning shakllanishida konnotativ so‘zlar, frazeologizmlar, mifologemalar, metaforalar muhim rol o‘ynaydi. Biz ularni adabiy janrlarda ko’rganizmizda badiiy vositalar deb o’rganganmiz, ammo ular tilshunoslik sohasida kognitiv-semantik vositalar sifatida qaraladi. Ushbu maqolada biz bu birliklarning olamning lisoniy manzarasini yaratishda asosiy vosita sifatida qaralishini tahlil qilib, kognitiv tilshunoslik nuqati nazaridan misollar bilan boyitamiz.

This article discusses apprenticeship, which continues the tradition of mentoring and coaching that has been important in human life since ancient times. Today, there is talk about how important the tradition of "Master-disciple" is in the life of the people. The opinions presented in the article were written on the basis of many years of teaching experience, and the opinions and scientific articles of other teachers were used.

Мазкур мақолада жисмоний ҳаракатлар орқали ўзлаштириш (Total Physical Response - TPR) методикасининг инглиз тилини ўргатишдаги ўрни ва аҳамияти таҳлил қилинган. TPR методикаси тил ўрганишда психомоторик жараёнларнинг роли, нейролингвистик асослар ва амалий қўлланилиши жиҳатларидан ўрганилган. Тадқиқот натижаларига кўра, бу методика талабаларнинг тил ўрганишга бўлган мотивациясини ошириш, хотира самарадорлигини яхшилаш ва стресс даражасини камайтиришда муҳим роль ўйнайди.

Послеоперационные когнитивные расстройства у пациентов, перенесших нейрохирургическое вмешательство по поводу опухолей головного мозга, существенно влияют на их повседневную активность и социализацию. Целью данной работы стало изучение нейропсихологического профиля пациентов в позднем послеоперационном периоде. Анализ проведён с использованием комплексного тестирования, охватывающего основные когнитивные домены.

The construction industry plays a vital role in the economic development of any country, serving as a foundation for infrastructure, urbanization, and job creation. However, it is often associated with inefficiencies, delays, and budget overruns. To address these challenges, many foreign countries have adopted innovative and strategic management approaches to enhance operational efficiency, improve quality, and increase competitiveness. This article explores best practices implemented globally to improve the management efficiency of construction enterprises.

В статье рассматривается значение дистанционного обучения, его этапы, методы реализации, роль информации и телекоммуникаций в организации дистанционного обучения.

В  данной статье раскрываются роль фразеологизмов,   дефиниции понятия, система норм литературного языка, а также описана лингвометодическая модель по развитию речевой культуры школьной молодёжи. В данной статье обращается особое внимание формированию речевой культуры студентов в учебном процессе.

This article discusses the character of children with behavioral difficulties and the reasons why they find themselves in such challenging situations and states of depression. Child psychology mainly explores the development of mental processes such as cognition, speech, emotions, and willpower, and how children achieve these traits through various activities such as play, study, labor, and talent development. Psychological processes are studied across different age groups simultaneously. A child perceives the world and their surroundings through the eyes of their parents, making parents responsible figures in a child's upbringing. A child’s behavior, conduct, close friends, and interactions with others should all be carefully monitored by parents.

Effective teaching methods are crucial to improving the quality of education and promoting student engagement. This article explores a range of traditional and modern teaching methods, comparing their advantages, limitations, and applicability in different educational contexts. Emphasis is placed on student-centered approaches such as project-based learning, cooperative learning, and the integration of digital tools. The study provides an overview of current pedagogical trends, supported by a review of recent literature and analysis of practical implementation in classrooms. The results suggest that a blended approach, combining multiple methods, yields the most effective outcomes in diverse educational environments.

This paper explores the dynamic and evolving processes of word formation in modern English. With the rapid development of science, technology, and global communication, English continues to expand its vocabulary through various morphological and lexical means. The study examines the main types of word formation such as derivation, compounding, conversion, clipping, blending, acronym formation, borrowing, and coinage. Each method is analyzed with relevant examples drawn from contemporary English usage, including slang, media, and digital communication. Furthermore, the paper highlights how social and technological changes influence language innovation and the creation of new terms. Understanding these processes is essential not only for linguists but also for language learners, educators, and anyone interested in the structure and adaptability of the English language.

Норационал оксилли овкатланиш аъзо ва тукималарни морфофункционал узгаришларига сабаб булади. Адабиётлардаги маълумотларда норационал оксилли овкатланишларда меъда шиллик каватида кечаётган морфологик узгаришлар етарлича урганилмаган.

В последние десятилетия многие жеящины в силу ряда социальных причин откладывают деторождение на более поздний срок репрогуктивного лериодаэ что ведет к увеличению доли цациеНток с гинекологической патологией, в том числе с миомой матки.

Maqolada pichoqchilik kasb-hunar leksikasidagi terminlar, ularning lingvomadaniy va lingvoareal lisoniy xususiyatlari haqida fikr yuritiladi.

This paper explores the somatic phraseological units in English and Uzbek languages, focusing on how they reflect human social roles and familial relationships. Somatic phraseologisms idiomatic expressions involving parts of the human body—offer deep insights into cultural perceptions and societal values. By conducting a comparative analysis, the study reveals that many body-related idioms in both languages serve as metaphors for human behavior, emotions, and relational dynamics within both societal and domestic contexts. English idioms such as “backbone of the company” or “cold shoulder” convey individual responsibility or emotional detachment, while Uzbek expressions like “tizzasiga o‘tqazmoq” or “ko‘z qulog‘i bo‘lmoq” emphasize intimacy, respect, and collectivist family structures. The study uses a qualitative method, drawing data from phraseological dictionaries and corpora, and analyzes how somatic metaphors mirror cultural frameworks. The findings highlight the significant role phraseology plays in shaping and expressing social and familial worldviews. The article presents theoretical ideas in this regard and proves them with examples.