Volume 04 Issue 02-2022
26
The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations
(ISSN
–
2689-100x)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
26-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
525
)
(2021:
5.
857
)
OCLC
–
1121105668
METADATA
IF
–
8.106
Publisher:
The USA Journals
ABSTRACT
This article highlights the importance of proverbs in our utterance to express or summarize humanity’s opinions in a
clear way. The efficacy of using them in argumentative discourse serves to strengthen sensitivity has been taken into
consideration.
KEYWORDS
Proverb, argument, behavior, discourse, utterance, wisdom, literary, figurative, folklore.
INTRODUCTION
Today, proverbs are frequently used in our speech as
an undistinguishable part of our utterances, though
proverbs have in common knowledge no known
author or literary source. They appear in the form of
short sentences, having a standard text, allowing
sometimes some standard variants too, where the
order of words might be altered or some of the words
might be replaced by others that can be considered
synonyms in that particular context. Sometimes
additions and omissions also appear.
Research Article
PROVERB AND ITS NATURE IN OUR COMMUNICATION AND
DISCOURSE
Submission Date:
February 08, 2022,
Accepted Date:
February 16, 2022,
Published Date:
February 28, 2022 |
Crossref doi:
https://doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/Volume04Issue02-07
Sevara Jumanova
Lecturer of Karshi State University, Uzbekistan
Journal
Website:
https://theamericanjou
rnals.com/index.php/ta
jssei
Copyright:
Original
content from this work
may be used under the
terms of the creative
commons
attributes
4.0 licence.
Volume 04 Issue 02-2022
27
The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations
(ISSN
–
2689-100x)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
26-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
525
)
(2021:
5.
857
)
OCLC
–
1121105668
METADATA
IF
–
8.106
Publisher:
The USA Journals
In every nation’s folklore the proverb takes place the
main role as its verbal and authenticity. Among all the
variety and richness of its poetical significance and
form it is difficult to find more interesting and
researchable genre than proverbs in the field of
linguoculture. They give emotionality, expressiveness
to the speech. They have certain pure linguistic
features that must always be taken into account in
order to distinguish them from ordinary sentences.
Proverbs reveal a great deal of details of daily life of
even common people. Especially comparing the
proverbial stocks of different languages according to
the nation’s cultural and moral history as well as
studying their folklore creativeness give more amazing
and discursive results. It is obvious that English and our
native Uzbek language do not belong to the same or
one language family.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
From the early history of our Uzbek life it is known that
our wisdom people used proverbs actively, as this unit
reflects the real meaning clearly and brightly. Proverbs
are brief statements showing uncondensed form of
the accumulated life experience of the community and
serving as conventional practical symbols for abstract
ideas. They are usually didactic and image bearing and
have a deep content. Folklore and linguistics study the
proverbs as their objects. Most scholars Mieder, Roger,
Karmik, Brunvand, Palmer, Taylor, Firth mentioned in
their works that the main reason of studying proverbs
in folklore is their traditionality. No doubt that folklore
units are in traditional way being kept in spite of time
passing.
as N.R. Norrick points they are seen as authorless,
sourceless and also as non-literary, non-learned. [5]
Proverbs appear in an article written taking into
account all the characteristic such as, consistency and
accuracy of presentation of thoughts, aphorism of the
statement, the use of socio-political and conceptual
vocabulary. Thus, the proverbial sentence appears on
the background of a neutral text as an expressive
means of reflecting thoughts, filled with didactic and
evaluative meaning, figurative form, which attracts the
attention of the reading audience. Any kind of
proverbial sentence expresses history, life experience,
feelings and edification of mankind. In neutral speech,
thoughts are expressed usually allegorically, in detail,
sometimes emotionally. Sometimes proverb is the only
way to express the meaning of a certain fragment in
the text.
Being short, it excludes the possibility of including
explicitly the scope and limitation of validity found in
scholarly statements. Some authors, linguists think
that a proverb is identical with its text. But in one hand
it can reveal the whole meaning of the text with one
short wise sentence in an effective way. Using the
proverbs increases the sensitivity and emotional color
of any context. A proverb is a stereotype linguistic
entity indicating the idea. On the linguistic level it is an
artistic picture, on the level of ideas as a judgement. As
a work of art of folklore it belongs to the secondary
semiotic systems. It is a communication system with a
double code, a carrier of information at the level of
language, but at the same time the information carries
another meaning too, becoming a device of poetic
expression.[1;62]
According to Mieder’s definition “Proverbs are short,
generally known sentences of the folk that contain
wisdom, truths, morals, and traditional views in a
metaphorical, fixed and memorizable form and that
are handed down orally from generation to
generation.”[6;254]
As the basic experience of mankind on human conduct
is the same and has been the same from time
Volume 04 Issue 02-2022
28
The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations
(ISSN
–
2689-100x)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
26-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
525
)
(2021:
5.
857
)
OCLC
–
1121105668
METADATA
IF
–
8.106
Publisher:
The USA Journals
immemorial, a considerable part of proverbs even in
independent cultures express the same basic ideas.
The proverbs are greatly increased by cultural
contacts, involving the appearance of loan-proverbs.
Proverbs do not opt the same region, the special
period, the same sphere, as we can see the equivalents
of any other foreign languages’ proverb in our own
target language.
Bartlett Whiting gave the following description: a
proverb is an expression which, owing its birth to
people, testifies its origin in form and phrase. It
expresses what is apparently a fundamental truth,
that is a truism – in homely language, often adorned,
however, with alliteration and rhyme. It is usually
short, but need not be: it is usually true but need not
be. Some proverbs have both a literal and a figurative
meaning, either of which makes perfect sense; but
more often they have but one of the two. A proverb
must be vulnerable; it must bear the sign of antiquity,
and since such signs may be counterfeited by a clever
literary man, it should be attested in different places
and different times.[4;273]
Kleiber also noted that proverbs are collective, not
individual. It means judgements, expressions of
traditional or popular truths representative of a
conscience linguistics collective.
In other words, whenever a proverb occurs, both the
actual speaker and a ‘collective utterer’ come into play.
Arising from folk wisdom, proverbs reflect a culture’s
evaluative attitudes towards certain facts or events;
they are impregnated with value judgements and
legitimise behaviour, attitudes or points of view,
because of their didactic tendencies and rootedness in
the social imagination, proverbs act as mechanisms of
non-formal education and ideological control. From
the
perspective
of
ethnomethodology
and
conversation analysis, owing to Silverman; if you are
challenged about your actions, one effective response
may be to say ‘everyone does, don’t they?’ Here the
appeal to ‘everyone’ works as a rhetorical device rather
than a statistical claim. As such, it serves to limit your
accountability for your act because such behaviour can
be seen as ‘general’. [3]
Similarly, invoking a proverb (say, ‘better late than
never’) is a powerful conversational move for reasons
quite unconnected with whether the proverb is ‘true’
or even ‘true in this instance’.
The special value of proverbs in argumentation – as
Erasmus told a ‘great force’ lies in the fact that they
enable one to bring the following discursive, linguistic
and cognitive strategies into play, practically proverbs
aims to prove something or win over, argumentative
discourse presupposes the presence (explicit or
otherwise) of more than one point of view. As such, it
has vitally polyphonic peculiarity . In the utterer’s
battle to impose his voice over others, the illocutionary
force of the proverb as a collective voice questioning
the addressee from the point of view[1].
Proverbs summarize ideas. If we wish to make the idea
contained in a proverb Explicit for instance, to a non-
native speaker, our explanation will clearly require a
much more expansive development of the meaning.
Proverbs condense maximum signification into a
minimum of words. Proverbs have set forms. Whereas
there are numerous ways of explaining an idea, each of
which presents varying degrees of complexity or
clarity, proverbs are ‘prefabricated’ and ready-to-use
for both speaker and receiver. All they require on the
speaker’s part is block selection with no processing of
syntax or lexis.[5;69]
Volume 04 Issue 02-2022
29
The American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations
(ISSN
–
2689-100x)
VOLUME
04
I
SSUE
02
Pages:
26-29
SJIF
I
MPACT
FACTOR
(2020:
5.
525
)
(2021:
5.
857
)
OCLC
–
1121105668
METADATA
IF
–
8.106
Publisher:
The USA Journals
CONCLUSION
To sum up, we may say proverbs simplify
communication for all the preceding reasons. I support
the idea that “Proverbs speak louder than simple
words”. They are not tough for an audience to process.
They do not opt the same age or level in our life, they
live longer than us, but with the help of our speech
unconsciously. Proverbs can be comprehended on our
mind without any comment, the person can analyze on
his own due to his own point of view.
REFERENCES
1.
Dominguez Barajas, Elias. 2010. The function of
proverbs in discourse. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyte
2.
Mieder, W. (2004) Proverbs: A Handbook.
Westport, Connecticut. London: Greenwood
Press.
3.
Silverman, D. (1998) Harvey Sacks. Social Science
and Conversation Analysis. Cambridge: Polity
Press
4.
Whiting, Bartlett Jere (1932). ‚The Nature of the
Proverb
‛
. Harvard Studies and Notes in Philology
and Literature 14. 273 - 307
5.
Norrick, N. R. Proverbial Paradox / N.R. Norrick //
Proverbium. Yearbook 1989. – S. 67-73.
6.
Mieder, W. Twised Wisdom: Modern Anti-
Proverbs / W. Mieder, A. T. Litovkina. – Burlington:
The University of Vermont, 1999. – 254 p.
